Group 1 - Alasdair MacIntyre, a renowned ethicist and political philosopher, recently passed away, leaving behind a significant academic legacy [1][3] - MacIntyre is best known as a communitarian, but this label oversimplifies the complexity and depth of his thought [5] - His early academic focus was on Marxism, attempting to argue for its compatibility with Christianity, but he later shifted towards a Thomistic Aristotelianism [5][7] Group 2 - In "After Virtue," MacIntyre discusses the disarray of contemporary moral language, which he believes is a result of the fragmentation of traditional and modern moral discourses [7][8] - He critiques modern moral philosophers, arguing that their attempts to derive moral rules from human nature have failed due to a lack of teleological understanding [9][10] - MacIntyre posits that the moral debate of today can be simplified to a choice between Nietzsche and Aristotle, advocating for the reconstruction of Aristotelian ethics [10][13] Group 3 - MacIntyre emphasizes the importance of "practices" in his ethical framework, which are defined as complex cooperative human activities that aim for excellence [10][13] - He argues that internal goods can only be obtained through participation in specific practices, contrasting them with external goods that can be acquired through various means [13][14] - The pursuit of a good life is influenced by one's social identity and historical context, which shapes moral expectations and obligations [14][17] Group 4 - MacIntyre rejects the strict separation of history and philosophy, asserting that moral philosophy must be contextualized within specific social histories [17][18] - He believes that while there are no eternal standards to judge moral theories, his proposed framework is the best available, as it integrates insights from various moral theories while addressing their limitations [17][18]

Core Viewpoint - The essence of party character and discipline is crucial for the establishment and development of a strong proletarian party, as emphasized by Marx and Engels [1][2][4][5] Group 1: Party Character and Discipline - Marx and Engels highlighted the importance of strong party character and discipline for the success of the proletarian party, asserting that it is essential for maintaining unity and effectiveness [1][2] - The "Communist League" charter established strict requirements for members, emphasizing that their lifestyle and activities must align with the league's goals [2] - The International Workers' Association, founded in 1864, mandated that each branch be responsible for the quality and integrity of its members [2] Group 2: Advanced Nature of the Proletarian Party - The advanced nature of the proletarian party is rooted in its solid class foundation and broad mass base, which must achieve a unity of internal self-awareness and external norms [2] - Marx and Engels criticized the presence of opportunism and superficiality within socialist movements, advocating for the maintenance of ideological purity and unity [3] Group 3: Historical Context and Lessons - The Chinese Communist Party has adopted Marxism as its foundational ideology, emphasizing strong party character and discipline as key to its historical achievements [4] - Xi Jinping stressed that issues of style are fundamentally issues of party character, advocating for a return to core values and moral cultivation among party members [5]

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the importance of practical research and investigation in developing and understanding socialist theory, as highlighted by Marx and Engels [1][2][3] - Marx and Engels conducted extensive field research in England, focusing on the economic conditions and the status of the working class, which informed their theoretical developments [2][3] - The methodology of combining theoretical analysis with empirical data collection is crucial for forming a robust understanding of social movements and economic realities [3][4] Group 2 - The significance of investigation and research as foundational practices in the development of Marxist theory is noted, paralleling its importance in the early Chinese Communist Party [4] - The emphasis on practical research is reiterated by contemporary leaders, stressing its necessity for effective decision-making and problem-solving in modern governance [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the necessity of adhering to Marxism as the fundamental guiding ideology in building a strong socialist cultural nation, aligning with the strategic goal of becoming a cultural power by 2035 [2][4] - The importance of mainstream ideology construction is highlighted as a crucial aspect of modern national governance, with the stability of a regime often beginning in the ideological realm [3][4] - The Party's commitment to establishing Marxism's guiding position in the ideological field is recognized as a significant institutional innovation that impacts the long-term development of the Party and the nation [4][5] Group 2 - The article discusses the challenges posed by diverse ideological perspectives among youth, emphasizing the need for a dominant guiding ideology amidst the plurality of thoughts [6] - It asserts that the mainstream ideology in a socialist state is determined by the dominant ownership relations, reinforcing Marxism's guiding role in the ideological field [6] - The advanced nature of the Communist Party's ideology is underscored, with a focus on the necessity of theoretical strength to navigate contemporary challenges and achieve strategic goals [9][10] Group 3 - The article stresses the importance of implementing an ideological responsibility system, which reflects the Party's comprehensive leadership over ideological work [10][11] - It highlights the role of universities as frontline positions in ideological work, where mainstream values must take root to prevent the spread of non-mainstream ideologies [11] - The need for a dual approach of establishing and breaking down erroneous thoughts is emphasized, advocating for the promotion of Marxism while addressing various ideological challenges [12][13]

Group 1 - The core idea of Marxism is to serve as a guide for action rather than a dogmatic formula, emphasizing the need for its principles to be adapted to specific historical contexts [1][2] - Marx and Engels warned against the mechanical application of Marxist theory, advocating for a creative combination of fundamental principles with local realities to address unique social contradictions [1][2] - The challenges faced by Marxism in the late 19th century included misinterpretations by bourgeois scholars and opportunistic factions within the German Social Democratic Party, which distorted the materialist conception of history [2][3] Group 2 - The Social Democratic Alliance in Britain struggled due to leadership's inability to move beyond dogmatism, which hindered the effective application of socialist theory in practice [3] - Marx and Engels identified themselves as "practicing materialists," emphasizing the importance of engaging in local labor struggles to ensure that socialist theory remains relevant and dynamic [3][4] - The adaptability of Marxism to contemporary issues and its evolution in response to new challenges is crucial for its enduring relevance, as demonstrated by its impact on China and the ongoing development of Marxist theory [4]