引言：数字时代的理论挑战与重构需求 数字经济浪潮下，传统的政治经济学理论面临前所未有的挑战。数据取代机器成为核心生产资料，算法 重塑劳动过程，平台重构市场结构，这些深刻变革呼唤着理论范式的创新。本文旨在系统阐述一个名 为"三重五维"的整合分析框架，该框架植根于马克思主义政治经济学的精髓，并融合了作者在资本和利 益理论方面的前沿思考，以期更为全面、辩证地揭示数字资本的内在矛盾与中国治理实践的文明意义。 一、理论基石：资本的三重规定性 马克思在《资本论》中深刻揭示了资本并非简单的物，而是一种动态的、辩证的社会关系。其核心可以 凝练为三重规定性： 关系本质：资本首先是一种以物为媒介的社会生产关系。在工业时代，这种关系表现为资本家凭借 对机器、厂房等生产资料的占有，支配和剥削雇佣劳动。在6数字时代，"物"的形态演变为数据、算法 和算力。平台凭借对数据和算法的垄断，构建了"平台-算法-用户"的新型控制关系，劳动者（如外卖骑 手、内容创作者）在算法的精密监控下，其主体性被深度解构，陷入"生物传感器困境"。 运动特质：资本的生命在于运动，即永不停息的增殖循环（G-W...P...W'-G'）。马克思形象地称商品 转化为货币 ...

（来源：千龙网） 陈征先生是我国著名马克思主义经济学家和教育家、中国《资本论》研究会原副会长，以《资本论》研 究蜚声学界，为中国特色社会主义政治经济学的创立作出了重要贡献，被誉为"中国马克思主义政治经 济学的重要奠基人之一"。 以"诚"研读经典，厚积薄发 学术上的"诚"意指陈征对马克思主义经济学特别是对《资本论》的"真诚"研究态度。他始终坚信，马克 思主义经济学的生命力根植于其经典文本之中，唯有通过深耕经典"回到马克思"，才能准确把握其理论 精髓。因而，他始终坚持"文本先行"的原则，逐字逐句解读原著，力求还原马克思的本意，避免断章取 义或主观臆断。这种"诚"非仅是道德意义上的诚实，更是本体论意义上的"真实无妄"——让研究对象真 实地呈现自身。 在《资本论》研究中，陈征教授既注重其理论体系的科学性与完整性，又反对脱离实际的机械解读。他 认为"《资本论》不是答案汇编，而是认识经济世界的望远镜和显微镜"，这一定位既维护了经典著作的 理论权威，又为其现实运用开辟了路径。他既反对将马克思主义经典视为不可逾越的绝对真理，也不赞 成将经典理论裁剪为现实政策的注脚，而是以"诚"研读经典，厚积薄发，既尊重文本的真实含义，又保 ...

【我是这样做学问的】 作者：刘伟（中国人民大学原校长、一级教授，教育部高等学校经济学类专业教学指导委员会主任委 员） 12岁那年，我随父亲一路颠簸，来到当时的沈阳军区黑龙江生产建设兵团三师二十团，一边参加劳动， 一边度过了自己的中学时光。高中毕业后，我被分配到五营五连生产队做农工，后来又被抽调到营部政 工组担任宣传干事。 那是个书荒的年代。年轻人都想看书，却找不到书，只能换着看、借着看。当时，我们政工组有个不大 的资料室，藏书不多，经典却不少。在那里，我开始读《共产党宣言》《哥达纲领批判》《实践论》 《矛盾论》等著作，逐渐接触到一些社会科学知识。 兵团里有很多年纪相仿的伙伴，主要是来自各地的知青，大家常在一起讨论问题。而那时的我，常常在 热烈的讨论中思考国家和自己的未来。 让我们都没想到的是，一则消息突然传来：国家恢复高考了。 我读大学那会儿，经济学远不像现在这么热。 1978年2月，我接到了高考录取通知书。上面写着——北京大学经济系政治经济学专业普通班本科生， 这并不是我报考的第一志愿。 当时，包括我自己在内，很多人并不知道大学里有经济系。那个时代，经济研究不被社会普遍关注；经 济学也并非显学，给人的感觉更 ...

卫兴华长期深耕马克思主义经济学，熟读马克思主义经济学理论著作，自觉坚持马克思主义经济学的基 本原理，有坚定的信念和立场，能够准确把握和运用马克思主义经济学。他是公认的《资本论》研究权 威，学术研究成果丰赡。这些成果对推动我国《资本论》研究起到了积极的促进作用。他的《资本论》 研究涉及的难题和争议问题很多，这里列举其几项重大理论贡献。 关于《资本论》的研究对象。争论的焦点是如何理解马克思在《资本论》序言中的这段话："我要在本 书研究的，是资本主义生产方式以及和它相适应的生产关系和交换关系。"难点是马克思在这里所讲的 资本主义生产方式是指什么？是生产力层面的生产方式，还是生产关系层面的生产方式？卫兴华通过详 细考证认为，这里所讲的资本主义生产方式是指在广义资本主义生产关系体系中起决定性作用的基础性 生产关系，即与资本主义生产资料所有制相结合的劳动者同生产资料相结合的特殊生产方式，即资本与 雇佣劳动相结合的资本主义生产方式。他认为这是马克思已经讲清楚了的问题，论证有理有据。卫兴华 还将此原理运用于研究我国国企改革，认为国有经济的社会主义性质应体现在劳动者是以企业主人的地 位与属于全民的生产资料相结合。这就明确了国有 ...

【视频/观察者网专栏作者 沈逸】 本期《逸语道破》我们来聊聊"斩杀线"。从网络上流传甚广的《西雅图冰雨夜》开始，我看了网友"牢A"关于"斩杀线"的系列视频，"掉san"之后需要恢复一 下。在恢复过程中，我重组了一下记忆。其实，我们不应该对"斩杀线"在美国的存在感到意外。真正值得思考的命题是：为什么在2025年，"斩杀线"破圈成 为了一个热词、一种文化现象，引发了各方的关注？ 我先把结论放在前面。"斩杀线"让中国网民重新认识了"什么叫资本主义"——美国的资本主义真正的特征，就是有"斩杀线"的存在。在"斩杀线"这个问题 上，中外对比最强烈的，不是美国有"斩杀线"，而是美国对于"斩杀线"这个问题的态度。 大家在网站上看到，那些"精美"出来，非常理直气壮、顺理成章地对"斩杀线"进行辩护，告诉你，你这样说是不准确的，"斩杀线"没有这么高或没有这么 低，它实际是在哪个位置。而这些被"斩杀"的人，他也都是有各种各样的因素和理由的…… 换句话说，"斩杀线"其实就是美国的一个组成部分。为什么？因为那就叫做资本主义。 资本主义对应的生产方式种，围绕生产关系的所有制度设计是建立在资本私有制基础之上的。所有的政策制定的出发点，是优先 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the integration of economics and culture, highlighting the development of a humanistic economics that combines Marxist principles with Chinese traditional culture, providing a solid cultural foundation for China's modernization [1][2][3]. Group 1: Humanistic Economics - Humanistic economics focuses on the interaction between people, culture, and economy, advocating for a development model that prioritizes human needs and social equity [2][3]. - The essence of "cultural economy" is the fusion of culture and economy, emphasizing the importance of human-centered development [2][3]. - The theoretical foundation of humanistic economics is rooted in Marxist political economy, which views human needs as central to economic development [3]. Group 2: Cultural Integration - Humanistic economics is deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture, which has unique perspectives on wealth, competition, morality, and family, differing from Western economic theories [4]. - The article stresses the need to incorporate traditional cultural elements into economic behavior and decision-making, exploring how these elements have supported China's rapid economic growth over the past 40 years [4]. Group 3: Digital Era Concerns - The article addresses the challenges posed by the digital age, such as the digital divide and the need for humanistic values in technology-driven economic development [5][6]. - It advocates for embedding human values in technological advancements to ensure that they serve the overall well-being of society [6]. - The integration of digital technology with traditional culture is seen as a means to enhance cultural transmission and economic benefits [7]. Group 4: Economic Development Ecosystem - The vision for a new economic ecosystem is one where economic growth and human development create a virtuous cycle, balancing efficiency with equity and innovation with regulation [8]. - The article calls for a modern economic system that is innovative yet infused with humanistic values, ensuring that technological applications prioritize human needs and experiences [8].

1949年中华人民共和国成立时，中国几乎是人均国内生产总值全球最低的国家。中国特色社会主义进入 新时代，中国已实现跻身中等偏上收入经济体行列的伟大跨越。这是一项具有深远历史意义的成就，同 时也意味着，中国面临一项前所未有的新任务：如何实现向高收入国家的跨越？ 客观而言，这样的转型不可能一蹴而就，必然需要较长的时间跨度。中国明确提出到2035年人均国内生 产总值达到中等发达国家水平的目标。要实现这一历史性跨越，不仅要适应当前经济形势发展变化、回 应国际经济周期波动等具体问题，更要对整个发展阶段进行系统性把握，这正是习近平经济思想的重要 贡献所在。 中国特色社会主义制度具有显著优势。社会主义生产方式是涵盖众多专业化生产单位，并将科学技术与 直接生产深度融合的大规模生产形式。通常情况下，在资本主义社会，哪怕是最具规模的生产活动也归 私人所有，缺乏协调机制来确保不同生产部门能够实现有效的一体化发展。唯一的例外，是在类似二战 期间这样的国家紧急状态下，由政府对关键经济部门实施直接管控。也就是说，资本主义社会主要依 赖"看不见的手"来调节经济运转。 这一点从当今的美国就可以看出来。例如，在人工智能这一关键领域，个别大公司 ...

Core Perspective - The article emphasizes the integration of economics and culture, highlighting the importance of human-centered development in the context of humanistic economics, which combines Marxist principles with Chinese traditional culture [1][2][3]. Group 1: Humanistic Economics - Humanistic economics focuses on the interaction between culture and economy, advocating for the coordination of material and spiritual civilization [2][3]. - The essence of "cultural economy" is the fusion of culture and economy, emphasizing the role of people as the main agents in economic activities [2][3]. - The theoretical foundation of humanistic economics is rooted in Marxist political economy, which prioritizes human needs and social relationships over mere economic gain [3][4]. Group 2: Cultural Integration - Humanistic economics is deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture, which has unique perspectives on wealth, competition, morality, and family compared to Western culture [4]. - The article argues that traditional Chinese culture contains essential elements that have supported China's rapid economic growth over the past 40 years [4][5]. - It stresses the need to incorporate cultural factors into economic behavior and decision-making processes [4][5]. Group 3: Digital Era Concerns - The article addresses the challenges posed by the digital age, such as the digital divide and the need for humanistic values in technology-driven economic development [5][6]. - It advocates for embedding human values in technology development to ensure it serves the overall well-being of society [6][7]. - The integration of digital technology with traditional culture is seen as a means to enhance cultural transmission and economic benefits [7][8]. Group 4: Economic Development Ecosystem - The vision for a new economic ecosystem involves a harmonious relationship between economic growth and human development, where efficiency and fairness coexist [8]. - The article calls for a balanced approach that combines innovation with humanistic values to create a modern economic system that is both dynamic and compassionate [8].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of Marxist political economy as a scientific system that guides economic practices and theories in contemporary China [1][2][3] - The basic principles of Marxist political economy are categorized into general laws of social economic development, shared laws across different economic forms, specific laws of capitalism, and characteristics of future socialist and communist economies [2][3] - The evolution of Marxist political economy principles reflects a continuous development process, adapting to changing realities and enhancing theoretical depth and breadth [4][5] Group 2 - The establishment of socialism in China initiated a unique exploration of economic construction, leading to significant theoretical contributions that align with national conditions [5][6] - The reform and opening-up period saw the integration of Marxist principles with Chinese socialist practices, resulting in new theoretical outcomes that address market economy development under socialism [6][7] - The new era of socialism in China presents both opportunities and challenges, necessitating innovative theoretical responses to contemporary economic issues [7][8] Group 3 - Xi Jinping's economic thought introduces new principles that focus on high-quality development, innovation, and the integration of various economic ownership forms [8][9] - The emphasis on a people-centered development approach and the establishment of a high-level socialist market economy system are key components of the new economic framework [8][9] - The principles also address the relationship between supply and demand, urban-rural integration, and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind [9][10] Group 4 - The ongoing development of Marxist political economy in China aims to summarize and elevate practical experiences into systematic economic theories, contributing to the global understanding of socialism [15][16] - The unique Chinese experience in economic development serves as a model for addressing global economic challenges, reinforcing the relevance of Marxist principles in contemporary contexts [17][18] - The necessity for continuous theoretical exploration and innovation is highlighted, ensuring that Marxist political economy remains applicable to modern economic practices [19]

Group 1 - The core argument emphasizes the importance of Marxist political economy as a scientific system that guides economic development in China, particularly through Xi Jinping's economic thought [1][7][13] - The article outlines the evolution of Marxist political economy, highlighting its adaptability and relevance to contemporary Chinese practices and challenges [4][14][18] Group 2 - The principles of Marxist political economy are categorized into general laws of social economic development, shared laws across different economic forms, specific laws of capitalism, and characteristics of future socialist and communist economies [2][3] - The article discusses the historical development of these principles, noting their maturation and the continuous contributions of Marxist theorists in response to changing realities [4][5][6] Group 3 - Xi Jinping's economic thought introduces new theoretical contributions that address contemporary economic issues, such as high-quality development, innovation, and the integration of urban and rural economies [8][9][10] - The article emphasizes the need for a systematic understanding of China's economic development practices to enrich and advance Marxist political economy [14][15][18]