2025年度报告突出列出了所谓"对等关税"等美国新政府实施的一系列单边措施。 10月17日，中国商务部发布《2025年美国履行世贸组织规则义务情况报告》（以下简称《报告》）。 自2023年起，这已是中方基于美国履行世贸组织（WTO）规则义务的客观情况，连续第三年发布相关 报告。除延续以往板块并进行相应更新外，2025年度报告突出列出了所谓"对等关税"等美国新政府实施 的一系列单边措施。 报告认为，美国在贸易领域所采取的政策措施和行动不仅严重背离其所声称的政策立场，也严重背离 WTO规则。美国仍是多边贸易体制破坏者、单边主义霸凌行径实施者、产业政策双重标准操纵者、全 球产业链供应链扰乱者。 商务部世贸司负责人解读《报告》时称，当前多边贸易体制面临巨大挑战，中方希望通过2025年报告的 发布，敦促美方及时纠正错误做法，切实遵守世贸组织规则，履行成员应尽义务，尽快取消所谓"对等 关税"等违规措施，与包括中国在内的其他成员一道，共同推动多边贸易体制在全球治理中发挥更大作 用，共同致力于实现平等有序的世界多极化和普惠包容的经济全球化。 中国社会科学院美国研究所研究员王玮接受第一财经记者专访时表示，本届美政府从根本上对多 ...

Group 1 - The South African automotive industry is facing unprecedented pressure due to the 30% tariffs imposed by the U.S. on most goods from South Africa since August, prompting the industry to seek new growth opportunities amidst the global shift towards new energy vehicles [1] - The opening of a flagship Chinese electric vehicle store in Johannesburg has generated significant attention, symbolizing the entry of new energy vehicles into South Africa and indicating a shift in the automotive sector towards new growth drivers under external pressures [1] Group 2 - The South African Manufacturing Engineering Education and Training Authority aims to focus on new energy vehicles, ensuring that the domestic workforce is equipped with the necessary skills for maintenance and support of these vehicles [3] - Local educational and training institutions are collaborating with automotive companies to establish a talent system for the repair, inspection, and safety training of new energy vehicles, ensuring sustainable development capabilities for the future [3] Group 3 - The CEO of Global South Media Network highlighted that the U.S. is moving away from international consensus by implementing unilateral tariffs, which undermines diplomatic dialogue [5] - In response to unfair external pressures, South Africa is embracing green development opportunities with a more open approach, emphasizing the importance of equal and mutually beneficial cooperation to effectively address unilateralism challenges and to take control of its development destiny in the global industrial transformation [5]

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights concerns regarding the United States' compliance with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, emphasizing that the U.S. has engaged in unilateralism and protectionism, undermining the multilateral trade system [4][5]. Summary by Sections Overall Evaluation of U.S. Compliance - The report evaluates the U.S. compliance with WTO obligations from four aspects, stating that as a key founder and beneficiary of the multilateral trade system, the U.S. should lead by example in adhering to rules [4]. - The U.S. has been accused of ignoring WTO rules and member expectations, engaging in economic bullying and unilateral measures that severely impact the multilateral trade system [4]. Concerns Raised by China - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has expressed ongoing concerns about the U.S.'s trade policies, including trade bullying and manipulation of industrial policies, which disrupt global supply chains [4]. - The 2025 report continues to express serious concerns over the U.S.'s discriminatory policies and the escalation of unilateral measures, including the introduction of "reciprocal tariffs" and the initiation of a global trade war [4]. Importance of Multilateral Trade System - The WTO is described as the cornerstone of economic globalization and international trade, relying on member compliance with obligations and mutual cooperation [5]. - The report aims to urge the U.S. to correct its policies, comply with WTO rules, and eliminate illegal measures such as "reciprocal tariffs," promoting a more equitable and inclusive global economic environment [5].

Core Viewpoint - The report from China's Ministry of Commerce highlights the significant issues arising from the United States' violations of multilateral trade rules, portraying the U.S. as a disruptor of the multilateral trade system and emphasizing the need for adherence to WTO regulations [1][4]. Group 1: U.S. Trade Practices - The report systematically lists the serious problems caused by the U.S. in undermining multilateral trade rules over the past year, including unilateralism and manipulation of industrial policies [1][4]. - The U.S. has faced widespread criticism from its trade partners, with over 30 WTO members expressing dissatisfaction with its unilateral tariff increases [3]. - The U.S. has shifted from being a builder and promoter of the multilateral trade system to a proponent of unilateral protectionism, which has severely damaged its international reputation [4]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The World Bank estimates that U.S. unilateral tariff measures could lead to a 1% reduction in global trade volume by 2025, equivalent to erasing 4% of expected growth [5]. - New tariffs may increase annual household expenses in the U.S. by $2,500, with 92% of tariff costs ultimately borne by American consumers [5][6]. - The effective tariff rate in the U.S. has reached its highest level since the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930, contributing to rising costs for American families and businesses [6]. Group 3: Recommendations - The report urges the U.S. to eliminate its "reciprocal tariffs" and abandon unilateralism and protectionism, advocating for a return to compliance with multilateral trade rules [6].

Core Viewpoint - The recent comments from U.S. Treasury Secretary Becerra regarding Chinese Vice Minister Li Chenggang's statements and actions in Washington highlight escalating tensions in U.S.-China trade relations, particularly concerning shipping costs and global supply chain stability [1][3]. Group 1: U.S. Position - U.S. Treasury Secretary Becerra described Li Chenggang's remarks as "provocative" and criticized his uninvited presence in Washington, indicating a lack of respect [1]. - Becerra referenced Li's statement that if port transportation costs were addressed, China could cause global chaos, reflecting concerns over potential disruptions in international trade [1]. Group 2: China's Response - Chinese Ministry of Commerce spokesperson He Yongqian countered that the U.S. comments misrepresented the facts, emphasizing that Li Chenggang's visit was aimed at discussing U.S.-China economic relations and addressing U.S. restrictions on Chinese shipbuilding [3]. - He noted that China has been proactive in negotiations regarding the U.S. Section 301 investigations and has proposed cooperation, but the U.S. has maintained a negative stance, leading to China's defensive countermeasures, including special port fees on U.S. vessels [3]. - He characterized the U.S. actions as unilateralism and protectionism, which harm Chinese industries, increase inflation in the U.S., and negatively impact U.S. port competitiveness and employment [3]. - He expressed hope that the U.S. would recognize its errors and return to constructive dialogue [3].

商务部网站消息，10月16日下午，商务部新闻发言人何咏前在北京主持例行新闻发布会。 彭博社记者：彭博社表示，在本周于华盛顿特区发表的评论中，美国财政部长贝森特称中国商务部副部 长李成钢在8月28日发表了一些"煽动性"的言论，并且未经邀请就出现在华盛顿特区，而且举止不敬。 贝森特还表示，李成钢曾说过"如果港口运输费用得以通过，中国将引发全球混乱"。请问对此有何评 论？李成钢副部长是否会针对这一评论作出回应？ 何咏前：美方有关言论严重歪曲事实。当地时间8月27-29日，李成钢国际贸易谈判代表兼副部长赴美 国，与美方围绕落实中美两国元首通话共识，就中美经贸关系、落实中美经贸会谈共识等问题进行交流 沟通，并就美对华造船等行业301调查限制措施等向美方提出交涉。 近期，中方按照两国元首通话共识和中美经贸会谈共识，一直主动与美方就301调查限制措施进行磋商 沟通，秉持建设性姿态，并提出相关合作建议。但美方态度消极，执意实施限制措施，中方不得不采取 反制措施，包括依法依规对涉美船舶收取特别港务费。 美对华造船等行业301调查及限制措施是典型的单边主义和保护主义做法，严重损害中国相关产业利 益，也会推高美国内通胀，损害美港口 ...

Core Viewpoint - The UK government has imposed sanctions on 11 Chinese entities, citing their support for Russian energy and military industries, reflecting a tightening of economic measures against Russia amid the ongoing Ukraine conflict [1][4][10]. Summary by Sections Sanctions Announcement - On October 15, the UK government announced sanctions against 11 Chinese entities for allegedly supporting Russian energy and military sectors [1][4]. - This move is part of a broader strategy by Western allies to increase economic pressure on Russia due to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine [1]. Chinese Entities Listed - The newly sanctioned Chinese entities include: - Shandong Baogang International Port Co. Ltd - Shandong Haixin Port Group Co. Ltd - Shandong Jingang Port Co., Ltd - Shandong Yulong Petrochemical Company - National Pipeline Group Beihai Liquefied Natural Gas Co. Ltd - Shenzhen JLFY Technology Co., Ltd - Sure Technology (Hong Kong) Company Ltd - Msuntech Electronics (Group) Co., Limited - Horsway Tech (HK) Co., Limited - Izzition E-Technology Co. Ltd - YW NL E-Commerce Company [5][6]. Chinese Government Response - The Chinese embassy in the UK strongly opposed the sanctions, labeling them as unilateral actions without international legal basis, which harm the legitimate rights of Chinese enterprises [3][7]. - China urged the UK to correct its actions and withdraw the sanctions, emphasizing that normal cooperation between Chinese and Russian enterprises should not be disrupted [9][10]. Analysis of UK’s Motives - Analysts suggest that the UK's sanctions may serve multiple purposes, including diverting domestic issues, appeasing the US, and addressing industrial concerns [10]. - The ongoing sanctions against Chinese entities reflect deepening divergences between the UK and China regarding policies on Russia and export controls [10].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the strengthening of Sino-French strategic cooperation and mutual support in the face of global challenges, particularly in the context of rising unilateralism and protectionism [1][2]. - Wang Yi highlighted the resilience and growth of bilateral trade and investment between China and France, indicating a robust partnership despite global economic disruptions [2]. - Both parties expressed a commitment to deepen cooperation in traditional sectors such as civil nuclear energy, aerospace, and agriculture, while also exploring emerging fields like artificial intelligence, green and digital economy, new energy, biomedicine, and financial services [2][3]. Group 2 - The French side reaffirmed its adherence to the one-China principle, emphasizing the importance of political guarantees for the bilateral relationship [2][3]. - Both countries acknowledged the absence of geopolitical conflicts and fundamental interests, framing their economic relationship as one of complementary advantages and mutual benefit [3]. - Discussions included global issues such as the Ukraine crisis, Middle East situation, and reforms in the global governance system, with both sides agreeing to maintain strategic dialogue for better coordination [4].

10月10日，特朗普在社交平台上一声怒吼，威胁要给所有中国商品扣上高达100%的关税，甚至拟定了11月1日这个生效日期，仿佛要用雷霆万钧之势一举定 乾坤。 言论一出，华尔街立刻上演了一场惊魂记，短短一天之内，美股市场超过1.65万亿美元的市值凭空蒸发。 就在市场以为一场风暴无可避免时，白宫内部却刮起了"降温风"。先是贸易代表格里尔，这位被视为强硬派莱特希泽下属的官员，公开表示不希望发生贸易 战，寻求的是一种"平衡的贸易关系"。 史密森尼学会旗下的几十家博物馆和国家动物园被迫关门谢客，公共服务陷入停滞。航空系统更是乱成一锅粥，由于空管人员短缺，一天之内就有近8000架 次航班延误，超过270架次被直接取消。 在这场国内危机愈演愈烈之时，特朗普却远赴中东，在以色列和埃及参加活动，给外界留下了"领导力真空"的强烈印象。屋漏偏逢连夜雨，最高法院的一纸 判决，暂时阻止了他解除美联储理事莉萨·库克职务的尝试，进一步凸显其行政权力正受到严峻挑战。 短短24小时，从极限施压到紧急灭火，这态度转变之快，让人瞠目结舌。究竟是什么样的国内压力，能让一向强硬的"关税侠"收回自己挥出的重拳？答案， 就藏在美国国内一触即发的危机之中。 ...

Core Viewpoint - China is committed to building and maintaining an open, fair, just, and non-discriminatory international shipping market order, emphasizing that unilateralism will ultimately lead to a dead end, while cooperation and win-win outcomes are the way forward [1][3]. Group 1: China's Response to U.S. Actions - Starting from October 14, China will impose special port service fees on U.S.-related vessels as a legitimate measure to protect the rights of Chinese shipping companies and counter U.S. unilateralism [1]. - The U.S. Trade Representative's office announced final measures from a 301 investigation into China's maritime, logistics, and shipbuilding sectors, which includes additional port service fees for Chinese-owned or operated vessels [1][2]. - China's countermeasures are framed as lawful and reasonable self-defense, not provocation, as the U.S. has shown a negative attitude towards cooperation and insisted on inappropriate measures [2][3]. Group 2: Importance of Fairness in International Shipping - Shipping is described as the "artery" of the global economy, responsible for approximately 80% of international goods trade transport, and is crucial for the stability of global supply chains [3]. - The shipping relationship between China and the U.S. is significant, and any disruption could lead to a chain reaction affecting the global shipping system and normal international trade order [3]. - China advocates for resolving differences through equal dialogue and constructive consultation, opposing pressure tactics, and emphasizes the need for the U.S. to correct its erroneous practices to maintain healthy development in international shipping and shipbuilding [3].