【环球时报驻韩国特约记者 黎枳银】"韩美关税谈判结束后，韩国大企业一致提出了扩大国内投资的方案。"韩国《东亚日报》近日报道称，随着 韩企未来每年或需向美国投入高达约200亿美元，韩国业界对本土投资萎缩、产业空洞化的担忧不断加剧，民间舆论普遍呼吁政府出台有力政策， 支持本国产业发展。在此背景下，韩国四大企业集团（三星、SK、现代汽车、LG）掌门人日前出席韩美关税谈判后的民官联合会议并公布了本 土投资计划。 投资总额超 5500 亿美元 据韩媒分析，相关计划的密集推出一方面是针对"国内投资萎缩"忧虑的直接回应，另一方面也反映出在全球供应链重组压力增大的背景下，韩国 企业重新强化国内制造基地的重要性。 美韩两国政府于上周五公布了贸易协议细节，包括韩国向美国造船业投资1500亿美元，以及向美国其他产业额外投资2000亿美元。"公众担心韩国 的制造业可能会被3500亿美元的美国投资承诺掏空。"彭博社报道称。《韩民族日报》也表示，大规模对美投资势必导致企业内部资源再分配，在 可用资源有限的情况下，国内投资被挤压的担忧难以避免。 除了上述担忧之外，韩联社援引业内观点称，在对外不确定性有所缓和之际，加强国内生产基础被视为提升 ...

【文/观察者网 王一】随着美国最高法院正审议总统特朗普的全面关税政策，美国"政客"新闻网当地时 间11月12日援引知情人士消息报道称，白宫正加紧推进与贸易伙伴的关税谈判。其中，美国要求台湾地 区对美投资3500亿美元与5500亿美元，而台湾方面仍打算在本月底前完成协议。 消息一出，岛内舆论一片哗然。香港新闻网13日报道称，中国国民党"立委"李彦秀直呼"惊悚"，有人呼 喊道"这是好几代台湾人的积蓄，必须拒绝美国的索求"。众多网友更是直言，"这不就是卖台吗？""答 应就被掏空"！ 当被追问所谓"台湾模式"折算下来是多少钱时，李慧芝回应称，书面交换文件正在讨论当中。 对于这笔巨额投资，岛内一片批评。中国国民党"立委"李彦秀直言"惊悚"，称若消息属实，将严重冲击 与排挤台湾地区的投资量能，影响人才和技术留存，推高科技"产业空洞化"的可能性。 台前行政机构副负责人施俊吉发文称，台湾当局必须拒绝美国的索求，因为这笔巨资是好几代台湾人的 积蓄，"我们这一代人有什么权力将它送给美国人"？ 台资深媒体人谢寒冰也发文讽刺说，台湾地区终于赢了韩国，以人均比较更是碾压日韩，"世界怎么看 得见台湾地区的车尾灯"！ 台湾网友也纷纷评论道 ...

Group 1: Core Insights - The impact of industrial hollowing and population decline on Japan's economy and society is significant and warrants attention [1][4] - Toyota's announcement to build a new factory in Aichi Prefecture, with an annual production capacity of 3 million vehicles by 2030, is seen as a potential catalyst to reverse industrial hollowing and rejuvenate the manufacturing sector [1][6] - The trend of Japanese companies increasing direct investment in the U.S. since 2018, particularly in response to U.S. tariffs, highlights a shift in investment strategies [3][8] Group 2: Industrial Hollowing - Industrial hollowing refers to the phenomenon where companies relocate domestic production activities overseas, leading to reduced domestic employment and economic growth [2] - Since the late 1980s, the appreciation of the yen has increased production costs in Japan, prompting many manufacturing firms to relocate abroad [2][3] - Japan's manufacturing sector has significantly shrunk, with the shipbuilding industry's global market share projected to drop to 3% by 2024, and semiconductor market share declining from 50.3% in 1988 to less than 10% in 2019 [3] Group 3: Population Decline - Japan's population has been declining for 15 consecutive years, with a record drop of 860,000 people in 2023, leading to labor shortages and reduced consumer spending [4][5] - As of January 2024, Japan's total population is approximately 121.56 million, with projections indicating a decrease in the labor force from 76 million in 2015 to 45 million by 2060 [4][5] - The labor shortage has resulted in increased wage pressures, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises, which struggle to absorb rising labor costs [5][6] Group 4: Economic Implications - The combination of industrial hollowing and population decline has led to a fragile economic structure characterized by rising costs, shrinking markets, and declining competitiveness [6][7] - Japan's current account surplus reached a record 29.3 trillion yen in 2024, primarily driven by initial income surplus from overseas investments, while trade and service balances showed deficits [6][7] - The depreciation of the yen, while beneficial for exports, has increased import costs, further straining domestic businesses and consumer purchasing power [7] Group 5: Future Outlook - The challenges posed by industrial hollowing and population decline are not unique to Japan and may offer lessons for other countries facing similar issues [8] - Collaborative efforts among government, industry, and society are essential to address the structural economic challenges and revitalize the manufacturing sector [7][8]

广州郊外的"SHEIN村"聚集着无数小规模工厂 桃井裕理："干活的都是40～60岁的人，快干不动了"，探访广州郊外的"SHEIN村"，这里的时间好像停 留在中国改革开放初期。中国正迎来经济结构的转型期，学者李稻葵称"中国不会像日本那样出现产业 空洞化"。一个"大中国市场"在形成…… 桃井裕理： 彻底改变全球电商的供应链革命的起点——记者听到这个说法后探访了广州市番禺区的"SHEIN村"， 这里时间好像停留在中国改革开放初期。 这是被遗弃在大城市中的被称为"城中村"的南村镇。在错综复杂的道路两旁，建筑物的一楼全都敞开着，积满灰 尘的地上排列着老旧缝纫机。在聚集在该地区的无数商家中，很多都承接了来自中国服装电商"SHEIN（希 音）"的业务。 发出致命一击的SHEIN "有订单，进账也很稳定。但是交货期太紧，几乎没有利润"，一名广西的女老板这样抱怨。每个订单100件，如果 是简单的衣服，3～4名熟练裁缝一起踩缝纫机，几个小时就能完成。利润为每件0.2～0.3元。如果有失误，会被罚 款。 SHEIN的特点是超低价格和"小批量、快速交货"。没有库存，如果认为卖得好，就立刻追加生产。由熟练技术人 员和相关企业组成的产业 ...