Workflow
塑料污染
icon
Search documents
Cell子刊:我国学者研究证实,微塑料/纳米塑料已全面侵入珠峰生态系统的各个部分
生物世界· 2025-08-13 04:03
2 025 年 8 月 8 日, 华南理工大学 吴嘉燕 ,中国海洋大学 赵建 ,陕西师范大学 王艳华 等在 Cell 子刊 Cell Reports Sustainability 上发表了题为: Microplastics and nanoplastics on Mt. Everest 的研究论文,陕西师范大学为该论文第一单位。 该研究提供了全面的证据,表明了 微塑料 (MP) 和 纳米塑料 (NP) 已渗入珠穆朗玛峰生态系统的各个组成部分,这些微塑料/纳米塑料 改变了土壤微生物群 落,并通过牲畜进入食物链,对高海拔生态系统产生了潜在威胁,该研究还分析了珠穆朗玛峰微塑料/纳米塑料的来源, 提供了珠穆朗玛峰有关 微塑料/纳米塑料 污染的宝贵初步数据,为高海拔生态系统的塑料污染提供了新见解。 撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 微塑料 (MP) 和 纳米塑料 (NP) 作为新出现的环境污染物,已无处不在。在世界各地,甚 至海 底、高山等偏远地区,以及人体各个组织中,都发现了它们 的存在。然而,微塑料和纳米塑料在 珠穆朗玛峰 上的数量、分布情况以及对环境的影响,在很大程度上仍未得到探索。 微塑料 ( Micro ...
《柳叶刀》杂志警示:塑料污染每年造成损失超1.5万亿美元
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-08-06 00:49
研究报告揭示,从新生儿到古稀老者,塑料渗透人类生命的每个阶段,已成为诱发疾病甚至导致死亡的 隐形杀手。报告将塑料污染与空气污染、铅中毒并列,强调其健康危害可通过政策法规有效遏制。该报 告主笔人之一、美国波士顿学院研究员菲利普·兰德里根博士特别警示,塑料污染对儿童造成的伤害尤 为严重。 研究显示,微塑料已侵入自然生态链和人体组织。虽然其全面健康影响尚待深入研究,但科学家已确认 这种"无处不在的污染物"具有潜在危害。 数据表明,全球塑料产量正呈指数级增长:从1950年的200万吨飙升至2022年的4.75亿吨,预计2060年 将再增加两倍,而当前回收率却不足10%。 兰德里根强调,塑料危机与气候危机同根同源。以化石燃料为原料的塑料产业,正在制造双重灾难。随 着全球变暖与塑料产量持续攀升,相关健康风险将呈几何级增长。 报告向日内瓦与会代表发出疾呼:把握这一历史性机遇,在分歧中寻求共识,为应对这场全球危机建立 真正有效的国际合作机制。 (文章来源:科技日报) 联合国《全球塑料公约》最终轮谈判于5日在瑞士日内瓦万国宫启幕,170多国代表共同磋商具有法律约 束力的塑料污染治理协议。值此之际,英国《柳叶刀》杂志3日发布重磅 ...
ACS Nano:浙江大学研究发现,人类卵泡液和精浆中存在纳米塑料,影响受精能力和精子质量
生物世界· 2025-07-29 08:01
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing global plastic consumption and its environmental impact, particularly focusing on microplastics and nanoplastics, which pose potential biological risks to human health [2][3][6]. Group 1: Plastic Consumption and Environmental Impact - In 2022, global plastic production was approximately 390 million tons, with only about 9% being recycled, leading to significant accumulation of microplastics and nanoplastics (MNP) [3]. - An individual may be exposed to between 74,000 and 121,000 MNP particles annually, with these particles detected in various human tissues, including kidneys, liver, lungs, and spleen [3]. Group 2: Research Findings on Reproductive Health - A study published by researchers from Zhejiang University found polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanoplastics in human follicular fluid and seminal plasma, which are associated with decreased fertilization success rates and reduced sperm quality [4][5]. - The study utilized liquid phase extraction combined with pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to analyze samples from 51 couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) [7]. - Average concentrations of PE and PVC in follicular fluid were 1.21 µg/g and 1.85 µg/g, respectively, while in seminal plasma, they were 3.02 µg/g and 2.67 µg/g [8]. - Higher concentrations of PE and PVC in follicular fluid were linked to significantly lower fertilization success rates, while PVC concentration in seminal plasma was associated with reduced sperm motility [10].
印度已成全球最大塑料污染国,几乎占全球塑料排放量的1/5
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-06-24 12:01
Group 1 - India has become the world's largest plastic pollution country, emitting 9.3 million tons of plastic waste annually, accounting for 20% of global plastic waste emissions [1] - The plastic industry in India is large, but the recycling rate is only 12%, with 20% of plastic waste incinerated and about 70% unaccounted for, potentially ending up in landfills or on the streets [1] - The Indian government has implemented measures to reduce plastic usage, but faces challenges such as weak regulation, an underdeveloped market for alternatives, and low public awareness [1][4] Group 2 - A 2018 survey indicated that 14 out of the 15 most polluted cities globally are in India, highlighting the severe pollution problem as a consequence of rapid development over the past 20 years [1] - In 2022, India began a comprehensive ban on the manufacture, storage, import, sale, and use of single-use plastic products, but enforcement of such bans has been minimal [4] - A study published in a renowned journal indicated that plastic pollution is a pressing global challenge, with South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia being the highest emitters, with India being the largest contributor to plastic waste [4]
【科技日报】用真菌“吃掉”塑料颗粒
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-06-05 00:54
Core Viewpoint - Plastic waste poses a significant environmental threat, and recent research from the Kunming Institute of Botany has provided insights into the ecological effects and degradation processes of plastic in the "plant-soil" system, offering new directions for addressing pollution [1][4]. Group 1: Microplastic Hazards - Microplastics, particularly those with smaller diameters, have been found to cause severe harm to soil and crops, with 75-micron polyethylene microplastics leading to a 1%-1.5% decrease in organic carbon and nitrogen content in soil [2][3]. - The same microplastics increased carbon dioxide emissions by 88.55 mg per kg of soil and nitrous oxide emissions by 1.01 mg per kg, resulting in a 177% increase in the soil's global warming potential [2]. - Crop growth was adversely affected, with a 48% reduction in seed germination rates and a 30 cm decrease in plant height, leading to a 50% drop in biomass and grain yield for corn treated with 75-micron polyethylene microplastics [2]. Group 2: Research on Plastic Degradation - The research team is exploring the degradation of plastic waste in the "plant-soil" system, focusing on the potential of microorganisms to break down plastics, particularly a fungus called "Iranian hairy two-spore fungus" [4][5]. - In a 60-day experiment, this fungus demonstrated a significant ability to degrade polyurethane, reducing its weight by 11.05% and molecular weight by 19.10% [4]. - The findings provide a theoretical basis for developing fungal-based bioremediation technologies, presenting a nature-based solution to the global plastic pollution crisis [5].