2025年4月2日，特朗普政府宣布对全球加征"对等关税"，首先针对新加坡征收10%的税率，这直接违背 了2004年签署的《美新自由贸易协定》中关于零关税的规定，二十年来新加坡从美国进口大量商品，累 计贸易逆差接近300亿美元，总理黄循财在国会提出新加坡购买量超过美国却仍被征税的问题，副总理 颜金勇补充说明新加坡是东盟中唯一长期对美国存在贸易逆差的国家，但美国政府没有回应也没有解 释，只是强调规则由其制定。 新加坡这些年一直试着两边都不得罪，经济上和中国绑得很紧，2024年双边贸易额接近900亿，港口、 金融还有供应链全都跟中国连在一起，安全方面却靠向美国，从1990年起就让美军使用樟宜基地，2019 年还把合约续到了2035年，2016年南海仲裁的时候，李显龙曾经公开支持美国说法，结果中国扣了新加 坡的装甲车，他马上改口风，可到了2025年美国加征关税这件事，美国根本没把新加坡当作"安全伙 伴"看待，照样下手，中国这边也没停着，RCEP不断深化，中国-东盟自贸区也在升级，新加坡这个中 转站的角色，渐渐被绕过去了。 以前新加坡扮演中间人的角色，2018年美朝峰会选在这里举行，人们觉得它很重要，现在情况变了，李 ...

Core Viewpoint - China actively raised the issue of global service trade stability and responsibility at the WTO meeting, criticizing the unilateral policies of the Trump administration and calling for adherence to WTO rules [2][12] Group 1: China's Position and Actions - China's criticism at the WTO was a response to the perceived insincerity of Trump's proposed meeting, as he continued to impose tariffs while suggesting dialogue [4][12] - The tariffs imposed by the U.S. have expanded from specific industries to essential consumer goods, indicating a broader escalation of trade tensions [4][10] - By voicing concerns at the WTO, China aimed to prevent the upcoming meeting from being used as a tool for the U.S. to pressure China into concessions [12][14] Group 2: International Support and Reactions - Several countries, including India, Brazil, Egypt, and Pakistan, supported China's stance at the WTO, highlighting the widespread discontent with U.S. tariff policies [8][10] - These nations have suffered significant economic losses due to U.S. tariffs, with India losing price advantages on 55% of its exports and Brazil facing severe impacts on its beef and coffee exports [8][10] Group 3: Implications for Global Trade - China's actions at the WTO are seen as a defense of global trade rules, emphasizing the need for multilateralism and fair trade practices [14][16] - If the U.S. continues its unilateral approach, it may face increasing collective opposition from other nations, as they do not wish to become the next victims of such policies [16]

Group 1 - The forum focused on strategic opportunities in emerging markets during the digital intelligence era, discussing internationalization, AI development, and localization strategies [2][4][11] - Companies need to explore suitable growth trajectories in emerging markets, adapting to fragmented markets and leveraging local insights [4][7] - The importance of creating quantifiable value for customers and establishing a value loop in business expansion was emphasized [9][15] Group 2 - AI is seen as a partner in building a new type of global civilization, presenting vast market opportunities and challenges [11][17] - Companies should not simply replicate domestic experiences in overseas markets but must conduct in-depth research and establish local teams for effective market entry [13][17] - The role of multilateral rules in protecting interests and ensuring operational freedom in global markets was highlighted, especially in the context of data fluidity [15]

Group 1 - Brazilian President Lula emphasized the importance of sovereignty, negotiation, and multilateralism during the 2025 second ministerial meeting [1] - Lula stated that Brazil is willing to negotiate on equal terms but will not accept being treated as a subordinate [1] - He called for necessary reforms in global governance multilateral institutions to resolve disputes within a rules-based framework [1] Group 2 - In response to the United States imposing punitive tariffs of up to 50% on Brazilian goods, Brazil plans to rely on multilateral rules and seek consensus through negotiations [1] - Lula reiterated that Brazil is a rule-of-law country with its own constitution and laws, and all entities operating in Brazil must comply with these regulations [1] - The U.S. tariffs, effective from August 6, have severely impacted several key export industries in Brazil [1] Group 3 - On August 13, President Lula signed an executive order to initiate the "Brazil Sovereignty Plan" to mitigate the economic impact of the tariffs [1] - Brazil formally requested consultations with the World Trade Organization (WTO) on August 6, arguing that the U.S. tariffs violate several fundamental rules, including the most-favored-nation treatment [1] - Brazil is seeking to formally initiate dispute resolution procedures in response to the U.S. tariff measures [1]

Core Viewpoint - The discussion emphasizes the increasing complexity and politicization of global supply chains, driven by geopolitical tensions, technological changes, and other challenges, necessitating a focus on supply chain resilience and stability [4][7]. Group 1: Current Situation - The structure of global industries and supply chains has become more complex and politicized due to factors such as great power strategic competition, geopolitical conflicts, technological changes, global pandemics, and climate change [4]. - Countries have implemented various national policies and trade measures aimed at enhancing the resilience and security of their supply chains [4]. Group 2: Types of Measures - **Unilateral and inward-looking measures**: Some countries impose trade and investment restrictions on specific foreign goods, provide subsidies to domestic industries, and conduct security reviews of their supply chains, which often violate multilateral rules and increase economic costs [5]. - **Regional and "small multilateral" arrangements**: Countries establish closer ties with a limited number of partners through bilateral or multilateral mechanisms, which can create new barriers for non-participants and lack clear rules [6]. - **Multilateral mechanisms for rule coordination**: Some nations attempt to use platforms like the WTO and G20 to promote trade openness and cooperation in supply chain resilience, although these initiatives often remain conceptual without binding agreements [6]. Group 3: Importance of Multilateralism - The need for responsible nations to engage in multilateral discussions is highlighted, as unilateral measures can lead to a cycle of trade distortions and further disruptions in global supply chains [7]. - Strengthening multilateral mechanisms and promoting rule-based arrangements for supply chain security and stability is seen as a constructive way forward [7]. Group 4: Suggestions for Moving Forward - A call for like-minded WTO members to take a proactive role in initiating informal working groups or "small multilateral" initiatives to enhance focus on supply chain issues [8]. - Suggested elements for a global arrangement include reforming WTO rules, opposing decoupling measures, clarifying conditions for supply chain stability measures, and establishing supply assurance obligations for dominant countries in key supply chains [9][10].