首要任务是不断完善和持续实施工资集体协商制度，通过强化协商主体能力、规范协商流程、健全监督 制度，让劳动者"敢谈、会谈"，让企业经营者"愿谈、真谈"，保证工资正常增长机制有效运行，才能实 现企业发展成果劳资双方合理分享，不断提升普通劳动者劳动报酬，推动劳动报酬与劳动生产率同步增 长。 坚定不移实施扩大内需战略，是我国经济行稳致远、保持长期健康发展的关键。党的二十届四中全会对 扩大内需作出战略部署，中央经济工作会议将"坚持内需主导，建设强大国内市场"列为明年经济工作首 要任务。习近平总书记在《扩大内需是战略之举》一文中强调，"要扩大人力资本投入，使更多普通劳 动者通过自身努力进入中等收入群体"，揭示了普通劳动者收入增长与扩大内需的内在逻辑。提高普通 劳动者收入，正是破解消费不足困境、激活国内大市场的钥匙。 我国收入分配格局中，居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重偏低，主要影响因素是劳动报酬在初次分配中 的比重偏低。从内需构成看，近年我国居民消费占国内生产总值的比重在39%左右，不仅显著低于发达 经济体的水平，也和全球平均57%的占比差距明显。内需问题的症结缘于居民消费需求不足，而居民消 费需求不足的根源是劳动者劳动报 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity of boosting consumer spending as a strategic choice to enhance domestic circulation and internal economic growth dynamics, particularly in the context of China's transition to high-quality development [3][5]. Group 1: Importance of Boosting Consumption - Strengthening consumer spending is crucial for expanding domestic demand and stimulating production scale, which can lead to economic structure optimization [3]. - Consumer spending contributed 53.5% to economic growth in the first three quarters of 2025, reinforcing its role as the primary driver of economic development [4]. Group 2: Reasons for Weak Consumer Spending - The weak consumer spending in China is closely linked to the traditional allocation of public resources, which has historically favored supply-side initiatives over demand-side support [6]. - The low share of household income in the national income distribution is a significant factor contributing to the low consumer spending rate, with households accounting for only 60.6% of national income compared to the global average [7][8]. Group 3: Measures to Enhance Consumer Spending - Improving the income distribution mechanism is essential for establishing a long-term mechanism to boost consumer spending, including increasing labor compensation and optimizing tax structures [9]. - Expanding social security and public service investments can effectively release consumer potential and support spending growth [9]. Group 4: Challenges to Overcome for Increased Consumption - The article identifies three major challenges: the long-term trend of slowing GDP and disposable income growth, the significant income disparity among residents, and the rapid aging of the population [10][11][12][13]. - Addressing these challenges is critical for maintaining a stable consumer spending rate that aligns with economic development stages and avoiding potential economic slowdowns [10][11].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need to shift China's economic policy focus from infrastructure investment to increasing residents' income and boosting consumption, as the current reliance on investment has led to insufficient demand in the economy [2][3][5]. Investment and Economic Policy - The trend of over-reliance on investment has been evident since 1998, with negative impacts becoming more pronounced after 2008, resulting in a long-term low share of consumption in GDP [3][15]. - Current economic policies should prioritize improving residents' income through effective income distribution adjustments, such as mechanisms for wage increases linked to corporate profits [3][19]. - The article critiques the traditional focus on infrastructure and real estate investment, suggesting that funds should be redirected towards social welfare and living standards [5][6][15]. Employment and Income Distribution - There is a pressing need to address employment issues, particularly for the youth, with over 10 million university graduates entering the job market annually [6][10]. - The article highlights the importance of accurately measuring unemployment, especially in rural areas, where many migrant workers face job losses [7][10]. - A proposed income distribution mechanism should ensure that wage increases are legislated and not left to corporate discretion, addressing the slow growth of employee wages [17][19]. New Infrastructure and Digital Economy - The article advocates for a balanced view on new infrastructure investments, recognizing the necessity of certain projects while cautioning against hasty investments in areas like 5G, which may not yet have a clear demand [4][14]. - The concept of the digital economy is critiqued for its vague definitions, with many companies misrepresenting their digitalization efforts [4]. Long-term Economic Strategy - The article stresses that macroeconomic policies should serve long-term goals rather than short-term fixes, with a focus on sustainable growth driven by consumer spending [23][24]. - It suggests that the lessons from the U.S. economic transformation in the 1990s could provide valuable insights for China's current economic challenges [8][27]. Real Estate Market Concerns - The article expresses concerns about high housing prices, indicating that the affordability of housing should be assessed based on income ratios, which currently indicate a disparity [28]. - It argues that the real estate market's overheating is partly due to local governments' reliance on land sales for revenue, which distorts economic priorities [12][13].

Group 1 - The concept of new quality productivity is a significant theoretical achievement of Xi Jinping's economic thought, representing a major breakthrough in the understanding of Marxist productivity theory [1] - Developing new quality productivity requires the formation of new production relations that align with it, emphasizing the integration of technological and industrial innovation [1][2] - The income distribution system plays a crucial role in constructing new production relations, necessitating the optimization of various innovative factors based on their contribution to new quality productivity [2][3] Group 2 - The distribution of new quality productivity involves two processes: the distribution of production tools and the distribution among social members in various productions [3][4] - The first distribution process reflects market evaluations of productivity levels among different industries and enterprises, while the second distribution occurs internally within enterprises based on contributions [5][6] - The income distribution mechanism is essential for promoting new quality productivity, as it is based on market evaluations and contributions of various production factors [6] Group 3 - The development of new quality productivity requires an elevation in the quality of labor, materials, and objects, with a focus on innovation and the integration of advanced technologies [7][8][9] - Laborers must possess new knowledge and skills to adapt to technological advancements, making complex laborers crucial in the development of new quality productivity [7] - New labor materials, such as digital platforms and intelligent systems, are vital for enhancing productivity levels, reflecting the need for advanced technological integration [8] Group 4 - Data has emerged as a new type of production factor, significantly impacting traditional production methods and necessitating a robust income distribution structure for data [10][11] - The value of data is closely tied to its generation process and its application, with effective circulation enhancing its economic contribution [12] - Establishing a clear property rights system for data is essential to ensure its value is realized in the market, addressing issues of monopolization and information asymmetry [13]