以下文章来源于Cici的会客厅 ，作者Cici的会客厅 Cici的会客厅 . 一级市场资本前沿观察者 主理人Cici：一级市场财务顾问（FA）暨商业咨询公司创始人，美国 UTD金融会计硕士 ☕ 在这里，我们聊一级市场投资的底层逻辑，也探讨如何将专业洞察融入您的财富 版图。 01 一个电话背后的行业困局 最近，一位朋友给我打了个很长的电话。 我们姑且叫他李总。 电话那头，这位曾经在路演时意气风发的技术大牛，声音却充满了疲惫。 他的公司，一家一度被众多知名资本热捧的初创企业，最终还是没能撑过这个资本寒冬。 更糟糕的是，他即将被法院列为" 失信被执行人 " 。 宏观数据显示一级市场" 理性回暖 " ，港股IPO数量增长1 5%； 然而微观层面，从业者的体感却是冰冷的。 李总的悲剧，究竟是个例，还是系统性" 变形 " 的必然结果？ 02 新常态，从" 募投管退 "到" 募投管退返 " 李总的个人悲剧，并非发生在真空中。它是一场席卷整个行业的系统性变革所投下的缩影。这 场变革，首先体现在 GP（基金管理人）工作模式的根本性转变上。 这意味着他不仅失去了事业，还将失去作为普通人的大部分" 自由 " ——坐不了飞机、住不了 ...

（原标题：青岛出手：政府引导基金最高容亏100%！） 《行动方案》将整合政府引导基金，吸引社会资本打造规模不低于3000亿元的基金矩阵。同时，加快政 府引导基金退出，集中资金用于支持科创企业发展，建立政府引导基金尽职免责机制，政府引导基金容 损率最高可达100%。 《行动方案》将推动市属国企与政府引导基金、央企、省企等加大合作力度，灵活运用"基金＋产 业""基金+园区""基金+项目"模式，为项目落地、园区建设提供支撑。为激励市属国企加大对科技领军 企业、科技成果转化企业的投资力度，将出台国有企业基金尽职免责办法，在整体业绩和长期回报考核 等方面给予政策支持。 责编：岳亚楠 校对：刘星莹 9月26日，青岛市正式发布《发挥基金引领作用促进高质量发展行动方案（2025—2027年）》（下称 《行动方案》），将构建创投基金、产投基金、重点项目协同基金"3+N"政府引导基金体系，吸引社会 资本打造规模不低于3000亿元的基金矩阵。 根据《行动方案》目标，青岛将力争到2027年，市政府引导基金在投规模达到1500亿元，市属国有企业 基金规模突破1000亿元，各类创投风投机构在投青岛项目金额突破1000亿元。为青岛"10+ ...

在9月26日召开的"2025·青岛创投风投大会"上，青岛市财政局党组书记、局长鞠立果正式发布《青岛市 发挥基金引领作用促进高质量发展行动方案（2025-2027年）》（以下简称"行动方案"）。 "五大赋能行动"完善基金生态链条。一是招商引资赋能行动。力争三年引入长期资本、耐心资本合计不 低于150亿元。二是产业培育赋能行动。为"10+1"产业配备投资顾问，"一产业一清单"服务企业融资需 求，力争对青岛项目每年新增投资额不低于100亿元。三是要素支撑赋能行动。四是提质增效赋能行 动。大力发展私募股权二级市场基金（S基金）、并购基金，探索开展区域性股权市场基金份额转让业 务，鼓励注册在青岛市的私募股权创投基金实物分配股票，畅通企业境内外上市通道，落实政府引导基 金原价转让股权或份额政策，"六位一体"帮助基金拓宽退出渠道，促进投资再循环，激活投资活力。五 是资源集聚赋能行动。力争金融资产投资公司股权投资试点基金三年实质性投资规模合计不低于60亿 元。 根据行动方案，青岛市设定了明确发展目标：力争到2027年，市政府引导基金在投规模达到1500亿元， 市属国有企业基金规模突破1000亿元，各类创投风投机构在投青岛项目 ...

在9月26日召开的2025·青岛创投风投大会上，青岛市正式发布《发挥基金引领作用促进高质量发展行动 方案（2025-2027年）》。行动方案提出，聚力整合政府引导基金，构建创投基金、产投基金、重点项 目协同基金"3+N"政府引导基金体系，吸引社会资本打造规模不低于3000亿元的基金矩阵。加快政府引 导基金退出，集中资金用于支持科创企业发展，建立政府引导基金尽职免责机制，政府引导基金容损率 最高可达100%。 根据行动方案，青岛设定了明确发展目标：力争到2027年，市政府引导基金在投规模达到1500亿元，市 属国有企业基金规模突破1000亿元，各类创投风投机构在投青岛项目金额突破1000亿元。 ...

Core Insights - The recent audits in various provinces highlight significant issues in the management of government investment funds, including fund dispersion, long-term idleness of capital, and misalignment of investment directions [1][2][3] Group 1: Audit Findings - Hebei Province's audit report revealed that many government investment funds lack clear investment targets, leading to dispersed investments and prolonged idleness of funds [2] - Hubei Province identified that 14 funds had long-term idleness, amounting to 2.885 billion yuan, and noted discrepancies in supporting local industry development [3] - Similar issues were reported in Jiangxi and Fujian, where funds did not align with their intended investment goals, resulting in insufficient support for key local industries [3] Group 2: Market Conditions - The current market environment reflects challenges faced by investment institutions, with limited opportunities for deploying capital effectively due to a concentration of funds in similar sectors [4] - Government Limited Partners (LPs) are increasingly focused on the efficiency of fund usage, emphasizing the need for timely investments in innovative projects [4] Group 3: Government Investment Fund Landscape - As of the end of 2024, there are 2,178 government-guided funds in China, with a total target scale of approximately 12.84 trillion yuan and a subscribed scale of about 7.70 trillion yuan [5] - Government investment funds play a crucial role in the private equity market, with state-owned management entities controlling a significant portion of the total fund management scale [5] Group 4: Policy Developments - The State Council issued guidelines to promote high-quality development of government investment funds, emphasizing the need for clear fund positioning and differentiated management [6] - Recent proposals aim to strengthen the planning and guidance of government investment funds, preventing homogenization and ensuring effective capital deployment [6][8]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the active role of the Fujian provincial government investment fund in attracting VC/PE attention through various initiatives and funding announcements, which is seen as a positive development for private equity investment in China [2][3]. Group 1: Fund Activities and Announcements - On August 22, the Fujian provincial government investment fund announced the selection of GP for the second batch of specialized sub-funds, following the public announcement of the first batch of five sub-fund managers on July 21 [2]. - The provincial fund has been active this year, launching multiple funds with target sizes of 1 billion for a biomedicine fund, 5 billion for a merger fund, 5 billion for an S fund, and 3 billion for a cultural tourism fund, indicating consistent progress and announcements [2]. - The fund's establishment and operations are efficient, having received government approval in February and subsequently releasing the first batch of sub-fund selection announcements in March [3]. Group 2: Policy Support and Mechanisms - The Fujian provincial fund has implemented positive incentives for sub-funds, allowing for profit-sharing based on development outcomes, with a maximum of 50% of government investment returns [4]. - Significant adjustments have been made to the fund management guidelines, including lowering the minimum return ratio from 1.5 times to 1 time the government investment and establishing a compliance exemption mechanism for investment failures under certain conditions [5]. - The fund's investment period has been extended to 30 years, reflecting a commitment to "patient capital" that can endure long investment cycles typical of technology innovation [6]. Group 3: Strategic Goals and Collaborations - Fujian aims to establish a comprehensive fund matrix, targeting the creation of a 300 billion functional fund group and a 1 trillion industrial fund group within five years, enhancing the role of government-led funds [7][9]. - The provincial government has successfully set up nine government investment funds totaling 13.3 billion, focusing on industries such as digital technology, new energy, and biomedicine [8]. - Collaborations with leading industry players and national funds are being fostered to enhance the resilience and security of industrial supply chains, with specific funds established for carbon neutrality and biomedicine [10]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The article anticipates that Fujian's continuous optimization of policies and mechanisms will enhance its attractiveness to VC/PE, driving talent, enterprises, and resources to the region [11]. - The upcoming 29th World Investment Conference and the 8th Sharjah Investment Forum are expected to facilitate discussions on emerging industries and foreign investment cooperation [12].

Core Viewpoint - The announcement by Ruizhi Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. regarding the establishment of an industrial investment fund with a total subscription amount of 200 million RMB, primarily targeting the healthcare industry and focusing on innovative drugs [1][3]. Group 1: Fund Establishment Details - The fund will be established in partnership with Shenzhen Investment Holdings Donghai Investment Co., Ltd. and other limited partners, with a total subscription amount of 200 million RMB [1][3]. - The fund's name is Shenzhen Luohu Donghai Ruizhi Pharmaceutical Industrial Partnership (Limited Partnership), with Ruizhi's subsidiary contributing 58 million RMB, accounting for 29% of the total subscription [3][5]. - The Luohu District-level mother fund will contribute 140 million RMB, representing 70% of the total subscription [3][4]. Group 2: Fund Management and Investment Focus - The fund will focus on equity investments in the healthcare industry, particularly in innovative drugs and medical devices [5][6]. - Shenzhen Investment Holdings Donghai will act as the general partner and fund manager, with a focus on industrial technology, digital intelligence, and life health sectors [5][6]. Group 3: Fund Terms and Conditions - The fund has a duration of 7 years, with a 4-year investment period followed by a 3-year exit period, and can be extended by 2 years with unanimous agreement [6]. - Management fees will be charged at 2% during the investment period and 1.5% during the exit period, with no fees during the extension period [6]. - Strict reinvestment requirements include relocating the headquarters of invested companies to Luohu or establishing subsidiaries there, ensuring that revenues remain in the district [6][7].

Core Insights - The report indicates a shift in China's mother fund industry from quantity expansion to quality improvement, influenced by significant policy changes such as the "State Council No. 1 Document" [1][7] Summary by Categories Overall Industry Trends - As of June 30, 2025, there are 460 mother funds in China with a total management scale of 34,845 billion RMB, a decrease of 23.7% compared to the end of 2024 [2][4] - The total planned management scale of these mother funds is 60,778 billion RMB [2] Fund Composition - Among the 460 mother funds, 338 are government-guided funds with a management scale of 29,973 billion RMB, down 24.0% from the end of 2024 [4] - There are 112 market-oriented mother funds with a management scale of 4,829 billion RMB, a decrease of 22.4% [4] - The report also includes 10 S funds with a management scale of 43 billion RMB [4] Investment Activity - In the first half of 2025, the total investment scale of mother funds was 3,338 billion RMB, down 7.2% from 3,791 billion RMB in the same period of 2024 [5] - Government-guided fund investments totaled 2,741 billion RMB, a decline of 5.59% from 2,903 billion RMB [5] - Market-oriented mother fund investments were 442 billion RMB, down 6.62% from 473 billion RMB [5] New Fund Establishments - A total of 33 new mother funds were established in the first half of 2025, including 31 government-guided funds and 2 market-oriented funds, with a total scale of 1,970.17 billion RMB [5] - Regions such as Jiangsu, Hubei, and Fujian saw the highest number of new fund establishments, while Beijing, Guangdong, and the Yangtze River Delta maintained scale advantages [5][6] Policy and Regulatory Changes - The "State Council No. 1 Document" has introduced systematic regulations for the establishment, fundraising, operation, and exit of government investment funds, marking a significant policy shift [6][7] - The focus is now on quality over quantity, with an emphasis on long-term orientation and capital efficiency [7] Operational Adjustments - Many regions have increased the contribution ratios and extended the duration of funds, with some allowing contribution ratios to exceed 70% [8] - The tolerance for losses has also increased, with some funds allowing for 100% loss on individual projects [9] - Management fee structures are becoming stricter, with a trend towards lower rates and performance-based fees [9]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the implementation of the "Management Measures for the Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Mother Fund (Trial)" aimed at promoting technology innovation in the region through government-led investment strategies [1] Group 1: Fund Structure and Investment Strategy - The Science and Technology Innovation Mother Fund has a duration of 20 years, with at least 80% of its investments directed towards venture capital sub-funds, and a minimum of 30% allocated to seed and angel sub-funds [2] - Direct investments in major science and technology projects determined by the provincial government are capped at 5% of the total subscribed capital of the mother fund, with remaining funds allocated flexibly to industry sub-funds or direct investment projects [2] - The mother fund's investment in venture capital sub-funds generally does not exceed 50% of the total scale of the sub-fund, with seed and angel sub-funds capped at 60% [2] Group 2: Management and Fee Structure - The management fee for the mother fund is calculated at 1% per year based on the actual paid-in capital for the investment in sub-funds, and similarly for direct investments [3] - 80% of the management fee is a basic fee, while 20% is determined based on performance evaluation results [3] Group 3: Sub-fund Duration and Focus - The duration of sub-funds is limited to a maximum of 15 years, with extensions subject to approval by the provincial government [4] - Sub-funds focusing on early-stage projects must allocate at least 70% of their scale to such investments [5] Group 4: Investment Criteria for Seed and Angel Projects - Seed projects must meet specific criteria, including being within 5 years of establishment and having sales revenue not exceeding 50 million RMB and fewer than 100 employees [6] - Angel projects must also meet criteria, including being within 8 years of establishment and having sales revenue not exceeding 100 million RMB and fewer than 200 employees [7] Group 5: Risk Tolerance and Loss Absorption - The mother fund establishes a mechanism for due diligence exemption, allowing for a maximum loss tolerance of 70% for seed and angel sub-funds, 50% for venture capital sub-funds, and 30% for industry sub-funds [7]

Group 1 - The article highlights the launch of two new funds in Fujian, aimed at promoting mergers and acquisitions with a target scale of 50 billion yuan each [1] - Fujian's government plans to establish a total of 1.3 trillion yuan in provincial government-guided funds over the next five years, enhancing the investment landscape [1] - In 2023, Fujian's provincial government investment funds have demonstrated efficiency, completing selections for six market-oriented funds, resulting in a fund matrix of 133 billion yuan and facilitating over 1,000 billion yuan in social capital inflow [1] Group 2 - The establishment of 100 billion yuan merger and S funds is expected to provide more patient capital for technology enterprises and improve exit channels for equity investments [1] - Fujian is positioned to become a favored region for venture capital and private equity investments due to these developments [1]