Group 1 - The documentary "Dandelion Before the Wind," rated 8.5 on Douban, highlights the story of Beijing's Daxing District Dandelion School, which serves children of migrant workers, bringing attention to educational equity in China [1][24]. - The film reflects a deep societal belief in China that every child's educational journey deserves support, regardless of their starting point [2][25]. - The contrast between the educational experiences of children in Harlem, New York, and those in Beijing illustrates the varying societal values placed on education [3][24]. Group 2 - The M286 public school in Harlem faces significant challenges, including low attendance rates, with only 1-2 students achieving perfect attendance out of approximately 70 students [15][21]. - Many parents in Harlem prioritize immediate survival over educational commitments, leading to frequent absences as children are often required to care for younger siblings or assist with family responsibilities [15][21]. - The demographic composition of M286 is predominantly African American and Latino, with over 90% of students coming from these backgrounds, highlighting the issue of educational segregation [16][20]. Group 3 - In contrast to the challenges faced by M286, the Dandelion School in Beijing benefits from community support, including free accommodation and donations for educational resources, fostering a strong belief in education as a means of changing one's destiny [24][25]. - The Dandelion School's success is attributed to a collective societal consensus on the importance of education, which is lacking in the Harlem community [25][26]. - The article emphasizes that educational success is not solely dependent on policy but also on the choices and values of families and communities [26][28].

Core Viewpoint - The recent policy on free preschool education in China aims to balance educational equity and fiscal sustainability, starting from the 2025 autumn semester, by eliminating care and education fees for public kindergartens for the last year of preschool [1] Group 1: Policy Implementation - The policy will focus on reducing the financial burden on families by eliminating care fees while retaining flexible expenses like meal and transportation fees [2] - A three-tiered financial responsibility system will be established, with central, provincial, and local governments sharing the fiscal burden, particularly supporting underdeveloped regions [2] - The implementation will be gradual, starting with one year of free education in 2025, with plans to expand to two and then three years based on readiness [2] Group 2: Inclusivity and Equity - The policy emphasizes high-quality inclusivity rather than a one-size-fits-all approach, ensuring that support is tailored to regional differences and vulnerable groups [3] - A dynamic adjustment mechanism for subsidies linked to regional financial capabilities will help address disparities in educational access [3] - Special provisions will be made for economically disadvantaged children, orphans, and disabled children, ensuring comprehensive support [3] Group 3: Quality Assurance - The policy aims to ensure that cost reductions do not compromise educational quality by improving teacher salaries and stabilizing the workforce [4] - A robust regulatory framework will be established to oversee the quality of preschool education, with clear responsibilities assigned to local governments [4] - The development of a national preschool education management information system will enhance data management and enable precise governance, ensuring funds are allocated effectively [4]

根据相关部委负责人的介绍，稳妥有序、步步推进是我国逐步推行免费学前教育的关键要点。首先强化 普及普惠，从2025年秋季学期起，政策覆盖所有幼儿园大班儿童，预计今年将惠及约1200万儿童；其次 稳妥有序推进，坚持尽力而为、量力而行，确保政策可持续的同时实时研究完善政策措施；然后加大政 府投入，以政府投入的"加法"实现家庭教育支出的"减法"；最后财政保障"分档精准"，补助资金由中央 与地方共同分担。一系列政策兼顾实际与可持续性，确保每一步都走得稳、走得实。 近日，国务院常务会议部署逐步推行免费学前教育有关举措，相关部委负责人介绍逐步推行免费学前教 育政策有关情况。伴随着这一牵动亿万家灯火的民生工程的推进，我国学前教育实现了从"基本普 及"向"优质普惠"的历史性跨越。 当前我国学前教育已实现超九成的毛入园率，但依然存在"量质失衡"的短板。从全球实践来看，免费学 前教育的深入推进，关键在于构建稳定、可持续的财政投入机制和高效、协同的治理体系。 其中，英国采取"先低龄、后扩容"的渐进式策略，为制度稳定奠定基础；德国采用"联邦立法+地方执 行"的模式，激发了基层创新；俄罗斯以中央统一方式推进实施，并通过"流动幼儿园"破解 ...

近日，国务院常务会议部署逐步推行免费学前教育有关举措，相关部委负责人介绍逐步推行免费学前教 育政策有关情况。伴随着这一牵动亿万家灯火的民生工程的推进，我国学前教育实现了从"基本普 及"向"优质普惠"的历史性跨越。 当前我国学前教育已实现超九成的毛入园率，但依然存在"量质失衡"的短板。从全球实践来看，免费学 前教育的深入推进，关键在于构建稳定、可持续的财政投入机制和高效、协同的治理体系。 根据相关部委负责人的介绍，稳妥有序、步步推进是我国逐步推行免费学前教育的关键要点。首先强化 普及普惠，从2025年秋季学期起，政策覆盖所有幼儿园大班儿童，预计今年将惠及约1200万儿童；其次 稳妥有序推进，坚持尽力而为、量力而行，确保政策可持续的同时实时研究完善政策措施；然后加大政 府投入，以政府投入的"加法"实现家庭教育支出的"减法"；最后财政保障"分档精准"，补助资金由中央 与地方共同分担。一系列政策兼顾实际与可持续性，确保每一步都走得稳、走得实。 吴少龙 学前教育作为国民教育体系的"第一粒纽扣"，既是民生关切的"温度计"，更是人口质量的"助推器"。逐 步推行免费学前教育，绝非简单的教育福利扩容，而是对标教育强国战略、回应 ...

记者丨 王峰 编辑丨张星 免费学前教育的资金大盘浮出水面。国务院新闻办公室8月7日举行国务院政策例行吹风会，介 绍逐步推行免费学前教育政策有关情况。 财政部副部长郭婷婷在吹风会上介绍，国家统一实施的免保育教育费政策覆盖所有幼儿园的大 班儿童，预计今年秋季学期将惠及约1200万人左右。 经测算，仅今年秋季一个学期，全国财 政将增加支出大约是200亿元，相应减少家庭支出200亿元 。 郭婷婷指出，免保育教育费政策实施后，将密切关注各地的政策落实情况，加强工作指导，确 保把好事办好。同时，将综合考虑学前教育学龄人口的变化、财力状况等因素，会同教育部研 究适时完善免费政策。 如何通过减少200亿元支出给家庭带来最大的获得感，增加的200亿元财政支出是按照怎样的标 准确定的，这笔钱将从哪里来，是免费学前教育政策落地的关键。 推动教育公平 国务院办公厅近日印发《关于逐步推行免费学前教育的意见》（下称《意见》）。8月7日吹风 会披露了更多政策细节。 郭婷婷介绍，《意见》规定，免除公办幼儿园学前一年在园儿童的保育教育费，这里所说的学 前一年就是通常所说的幼儿园大班。 在北京一名幼儿园园长张洁看来，免保育教育费的对象之所以是大 ...

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of a nationwide free preschool education policy aims to promote educational equity and support population strategy and economic development, marking a significant step towards a high-quality education system in China [4][5]. Group 1: Policy Overview - The free preschool education policy will cover all kindergarten children in the large class, benefiting approximately 12 million children in the upcoming autumn semester, with an expected increase in national fiscal expenditure of about 20 billion yuan [3]. - The policy allows public kindergartens to waive the care education fees entirely, while private kindergartens will charge only the difference between their fees and the local public kindergarten standards [3][4]. Group 2: Implementation Strategy - The policy is designed to transition from "universal" to "inclusive free" preschool education, emphasizing systematic institutional design to address educational inequality and optimize population structure [5]. - The implementation will be gradual, with a focus on government investment and reasonable cost-sharing, ensuring a nationwide framework for public preschool education services [5][6]. Group 3: Financial Support and Sustainability - The central government will provide financial support with a differentiated sharing ratio, significantly favoring economically underdeveloped regions, ensuring the policy's effective implementation [6][7]. - A dynamic adjustment mechanism will be established to ensure that subsidy standards align with economic development, price levels, and operational costs of kindergartens [7]. Group 4: Monitoring and Evaluation - The policy emphasizes the use of information technology for financial monitoring to prevent misuse of funds, ensuring that financial resources are effectively utilized for the operation of kindergartens and timely payment of teachers' salaries [8].

中山大学教授黄灯是第十六届文津提名图书《我的二本学生》作者。在她看来，寒门学子的突破需要社 会与个体共同调整节奏、心态，给予他们更多耐心，理解他们在成长过程中面临的挑战。 "天光云影 一廿之间——文津图书二十周年回顾展"在苏州图书馆举办，系统回顾并展示文津图书二十 年来的发展历程；"文津图书"限定套色印章打卡活动，吸引了众多读者参与；国家图书馆向南京图书 馆、苏州图书馆等江苏地区图书馆界共享了包含文津图书推荐视频及作者讲座系列视频的数字资源包， 并向南通如皋市图书馆、盐城亭湖区图书馆捐赠了文津书架。 西安交通大学教授席酉民是"文津阅新"推荐新书《教育何为》主编，在主题分享中勾勒教育转型的未来 图景。他表示，数智时代教育需从知识传授转向全人发展（指促进个体在身心、智力、情感、社交等多 个维度的全面成长），从封闭课堂走向开放生态，AI技术不应成为教育的替代者，而应是"兴趣驱动的 放大器"，通过个性化学习路径设计，助力终身学习体系的构建。 "文津二十年 好书中国行"活动是国家图书馆在文津图书二十周年之际推出的全国性阅读推广活动，旨 在联合各界力量，深入挖掘文津图书资源，创新阅读推广方式，充分发挥文津图书在全民阅读中 ...

据新华社消息，日前，国务院办公厅印发《关于逐步推行免费学前教育的意见》（以下简称《意 见》），《意见》强调，按照强化普及普惠、稳妥有序推进、加大政府投入、经费合理分担的原则，逐 步免除学前教育保育教育费。《意见》明确，从2025年秋季学期起，免除公办幼儿园学前一年在园儿童 保育教育费。 我的团队专门分析了提升我国财政性教育经费投入对经济增长的拉动效应。我们基于因果关系推断的研 究发现，财政性教育经费投入的增加能够显著促进我国的经济增长，而且财政性教育经费投入增加对经 济增长的促进不但在短期内有效，即便在十年之后，依然保持着非常可观的效果。这充分说明教育的财 政投入对于经济增长具有先导性与基础性的作用。 而且，免费学前教育意味着将增加居民对学前教育的需求，有助于相关行业人员的就业，尤其将提高相 关专业大学毕业生的就业率。 除此之外，"逐步推行免费学前教育"还将促进消费。有大量证据表明，教育费用在我国家庭支出中占有 非常大的比例。家庭的教育支出较高在很大程度上抑制了居民的消费支出。学前教育免费，将在一定程 度上促进居民的非教育消费，进而促进更多产业的就业及其发展，给经济增长带来新的增长动力。 有多项研究证实幼儿阶 ...

本次活动除主题沙龙外，配套安排了多项延伸活动，为读者带来多元的阅读体验。其中，"天光云 影一廿之间——文津图书二十周年回顾展"系统展示"文津图书"二十年来的发展历程，展期为即日起至9 月28日，展览地点是苏州图书馆北馆5楼共享空间。 在主题演讲环节，第十六届文津提名图书《我的二本学生》作者、中山大学中文系教授黄灯，以 《寒门出贵子，要耐心一点》为题，聚焦寒门学子发展困境，提出社会与个体需共同调整节奏与心态。 她表示，社会要以更多耐心理解寒门群体在成长突破中的挑战，呼吁通过双向调适为他们创造更包容的 成长环境。 "文津阅新"推荐新书《教育何为》的主编、西交利物浦大学执行校长、西安交通大学人文社科资深 教授席酉民，在《拥抱未来——数智时代的人才和教育》主题分享中，勾勒了数智驱动的教育转型路 径。他说，未来教育应从知识传授转向"全人的教育"，打破封闭课堂，构建开放生态，并主张将AI定位 为"兴趣驱动的放大器"，通过个性化学习路径的设计，助力终身学习体系的构建。 第三届文津图书《中国教育公平的理想与现实》作者、北京理工大学教授杨东平以《教育公平，永 不过时的主题》为题，针对高等教育过剩与学历贬值的时代困境，提出教育公 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 college entrance examination (Gaokao) has sparked widespread debate regarding its difficulty, with many students and parents claiming the exam is too challenging, while data shows an increase in high scores, raising questions about the actual difficulty of the exam [1][5]. Group 1: Exam Difficulty and Public Perception - There is a growing criticism that the exam questions are becoming increasingly difficult and that there is a disconnect between what is taught in schools and what is tested [3][4]. - Some experts argue that the perceived difficulty may stem from students' and parents' inability to adapt to changes in exam formats and question types, suggesting that the overall difficulty of the exam has actually decreased in recent years [6][11]. - The distribution of scores has shifted, with a notable increase in high-scoring students, indicating that the exam may not be as difficult as perceived [5][12]. Group 2: Educational Implications - The debate over exam difficulty raises concerns about the impact on educational equity, as parents may turn to private tutoring to cope with perceived challenges, potentially widening the gap in educational access [3][11]. - There is a warning that lowering the exam's difficulty in response to public outcry could lead to a decline in the quality of education, similar to historical issues faced in the U.S. regarding math education standards [7][11]. - The need for a balance between maintaining rigorous standards and ensuring fairness in the examination process is emphasized, as the current system may not adequately differentiate between students' abilities [12][23]. Group 3: Subject-Specific Concerns - Complaints about the difficulty of specific subjects, such as mathematics and Chinese literature, have been prevalent, yet educators argue that the expectations are consistent with what students should be able to achieve at their level [8][10]. - The emphasis on foundational knowledge and critical thinking in mathematics is seen as a positive shift, pushing students towards deeper understanding rather than rote memorization [16][23]. - In the Chinese language section, particularly in essay writing, the challenge lies in creating prompts that allow for both differentiation among students and opportunities for all to express their ideas effectively [19][22].