【环球时报驻越南特约记者 黄东日】越南政府近日宣布一项全国性计划，旨在到2030年前，全国小学 一年级开设英语必修课程，到2035年前将英语逐步纳入全国学校的必修课程。此外，根据新计划，未来 5年内越南所有幼儿园和学前教育机构必须让儿童接触英语。 据新加坡《海峡时报》16日报道，上月底，越南政府批准实施《2025-2035全国外语战略规划（展望 2045）》方案，其旨在突破劳动力英语短板，抢占全球产业链高地，为越南2045年跻身"高收入国家"铺 路。 但要想实施这场教育改革，越南还面临不少实际困难，最突出的就是英语师资力量不足。越南教育培训 部估计，到2030年，学前和小学教育系统还需新增2.2万名英语教师。目前越南共有 105万名学前和各级 普通教育教师，其中仅约3万人专门教授英语。还有越南老师反映，越南的英语教学质量存在很大问 题，很多年长教师自身的英语水平并不高，因此教学重心放在语法和考试上，而非沟通能力培养。 方案规定，英语课程内容将由越南教育培训部统一制定，公立学校免费开课。目前越南是从小学三年级 开始教授英语课，但由于师资力量不足，不少学校要么每周只安排两节英语课，要么干脆将其变成选修 课。而许多 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the life and contributions of Liu Daoyu, a prominent educator and organic chemist, who passed away on November 7, 2025, at the age of 92, highlighting his significant impact on higher education in China and at Wuhan University [1][2]. Contributions to Education - Liu Daoyu was instrumental in the restoration of the unified college entrance examination and graduate education in China during his tenure at the Ministry of Education, participating in key meetings and discussions [2]. - As the president of Wuhan University, he implemented various educational reforms, including the credit system, mentor system, dual degree system, and transfer system, which greatly advanced the university's educational framework [2]. Academic Achievements - Liu Daoyu taught courses such as "Radiation Polymer Chemistry" and authored the textbook "Organic Fluorine Chemistry," publishing numerous academic papers in prestigious journals [2]. - He received several awards, including the National Science Conference Award in 1978, recognizing his contributions to the field of chemistry [2]. Legacy and Impact - Liu Daoyu's dedication to education and nurturing talent earned him respect and admiration from students and alumni, marking his passing as a significant loss for Wuhan University and the broader educational community in China [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a significant educational reform in China, proposing to extend the compulsory education period, which has sparked discussions among experts and the public [1][2]. Group 1: Reasons for Reform - The global trend is moving towards extending compulsory education, with 55.6% of countries having compulsory education lasting more than 9 years as of 2018 [1]. - Finland has increased the compulsory education age from 16 to 18, covering the entire high school stage, aiming to support vulnerable groups who need help [1]. Group 2: Current Status in China - China has a gross enrollment rate of 92% for both preschool education and high school, indicating a solid foundation for extending compulsory education [2]. - Some regions, like Zhuhai in Guangdong, have already experimented with extending compulsory education by waiving high school fees since 2007, primarily funded by local finances [2]. Group 3: Financial Mechanism - The central government has initiated a policy where all kindergarten students in their final year are exempt from fees, benefiting 12 million children [2]. - The financial burden for economically disadvantaged areas is now shared, with the central government covering 80% of costs, ensuring sustainable implementation of the policy nationwide [2]. Group 4: Expert Opinions - Experts have differing views on whether to extend compulsory education to preschool or high school, with some advocating for the former while cautioning against rushing the process [2]. Group 5: Quality of Education - The reform aims not only to extend the duration of education but also to enhance the quality, focusing on equitable and high-quality education for all [3]. - The shift from merely having access to education to ensuring quality education is crucial for transforming China's demographic dividend into a talent dividend [3]. - The reform is seen as a systemic project to elevate China from an education power to an education stronghold, ensuring every child receives suitable quality education [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a significant educational reform in China, proposing to extend the compulsory education period, which has sparked discussions among experts and the public [1][2]. Group 1: Reasons for Reform - The global trend is moving towards longer compulsory education, with 55.6% of countries having more than 9 years of compulsory education as of 2018 [1]. - Finland has increased its compulsory education age from 16 to 18, covering the entire high school stage, aiming to support vulnerable groups who need help [1]. Group 2: Current Status in China - China's enrollment rates for preschool education and high school have reached 92%, indicating a solid foundation for extending compulsory education [2]. - Local governments have previously experimented with extending compulsory education, such as Zhuhai City in Guangdong Province, which waived high school fees for local students since 2007 [2]. Group 3: Financial Considerations - The central government has initiated a policy to waive fees for all kindergarten students starting this year, benefiting 12 million children [2]. - The financial burden for economically disadvantaged regions will be supported by the central government, covering 80% of costs, ensuring sustainable implementation of the policy [2]. Group 4: Expert Opinions on Extension - Experts have differing views on whether to extend compulsory education to preschool or high school, with some advocating for a focus on the final year of preschool education [3]. - The reform aims not only to extend the duration of education but also to improve the quality of education, shifting from merely having access to quality education [3]. Group 5: Strategic Implications - The educational reform is seen as a systemic project to transition from an education powerhouse to an education stronghold, ensuring every child receives suitable quality education [3]. - This initiative reflects the enhancement of national economic strength and the improvement of public welfare, aligning with China's future strategic planning [3].

Core Viewpoint - The Chengdu Education Bureau announced a pilot program for a "12-year integrated education" system starting in 2025, allowing some students to bypass the high school entrance exam, raising concerns about educational equity and access for all families [1][2][7] Group 1: Educational Reform and Its Implications - The "12-year integrated" pilot program may primarily benefit students from established educational groups, creating a potential "green channel" that could limit access for others [2][8] - Historical precedents, such as Beijing's "nine-year integrated system," have shown that similar reforms can lead to increased housing prices and further entrench educational inequities [2][9] Group 2: Equity Concerns - The program raises questions about who qualifies for the "direct access" to high school, with concerns that access may be determined by factors such as school attended, family background, and financial resources [8][9] - The emphasis on "process evaluation" could lead to subjective assessments that favor families with more resources, potentially undermining the fairness of the selection process [9][10] Group 3: Long-term Effects and Challenges - Entering the "integrated class" does not guarantee a smooth educational journey, as students may face challenges in transitioning out of a highly structured program if their interests change [10][14] - The risk of a "dual-track" system could emerge, where some students enjoy privileges while others remain in traditional pathways, eroding public trust in educational fairness [10][14] Group 4: Recommendations for Fair Implementation - Transparency in admissions processes, including clear criteria and public oversight, is essential to prevent favoritism and ensure equitable access [17] - A diverse range of opportunities should be established to include students from various backgrounds, ensuring that the program does not favor only those from affluent families [18] - A dynamic mechanism allowing students to adjust their educational paths based on interests and abilities should be implemented to avoid long-term labeling and pressure [19] - Resources must be equitably distributed to improve educational quality across all schools, not just those at the top [20]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the educational disparities among university students, emphasizing the hidden rules that favor those from affluent backgrounds, as highlighted in Zheng Yajun's book. It also presents a practical guide for students on how to navigate university life effectively, as outlined in Bao Gangsheng's book "Ten Lectures on How to Read University" [3][4][5]. Group 1: Educational Disparities - The competition among university students is influenced by their economic and cultural backgrounds, leading to a divide between privileged students and those from less affluent backgrounds [3][4]. - Zheng Yajun's research illustrates the "game" of elite universities, where students from wealthy families are more adept at navigating the system compared to their less privileged peers [3][4]. Group 2: Practical Guidance for Students - Bao Gangsheng's book serves as a comprehensive guide for students, covering essential skills such as effective reading, logical thinking, public debate, and innovation in the AI era [4][5]. - The emphasis on logic training is crucial, as Bao argues that the ability to think logically is vital for the elite class and the nation's future [5][6]. Group 3: Innovation and AI Opportunities - Bao highlights that AI presents significant opportunities for the current generation of students, urging them to embrace curiosity, imagination, and creativity in their education [5][6]. - The current educational system faces challenges in fostering innovation, as it often prioritizes conformity over creativity, which is essential in the AI age [5][6]. Group 4: Addressing Educational Inequities - The article discusses the phenomenon of educational "involution," driven by societal, familial, and institutional pressures that create unrealistic expectations for students [24][25]. - Bao suggests that a more diverse and innovative educational approach is necessary to reduce competition and promote individual strengths, ultimately benefiting society as a whole [27][28].

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has achieved significant progress in building a strong education system in China, with all set goals being met at a high quality level [1] Group 1: Education Quality and Accessibility - A total of 2,895 counties have achieved basic balanced compulsory education, ensuring equitable access to education [2] - The gross enrollment rate for preschool education has increased from 64.5% in 2012 to 92%, benefiting over 12 million children this year [2] - The gross enrollment rate for higher education has more than doubled from 30% in 2012 to 60.8%, entering a globally recognized stage of popularization [2] - Approximately 1.5 billion students benefit annually from comprehensive financial aid across all educational levels [2] Group 2: Talent Supply and Economic Development - Over the past five years, higher education has supplied 55 million talents to society, with vocational education providing over 70% of new high-quality skilled talents for modern industries [3] - Universities have received over 75% of national natural science awards and over 55% of technology advancement awards, becoming key players in national basic research and technological breakthroughs [3] Group 3: Educational Reform and Adaptation - Significant reforms have been made in education, focusing on reducing competition and anxiety through changes in resource allocation and examination systems [3] - The adjustment ratio of academic programs has exceeded 20% to better align with economic and social development needs [3] - The "New Double High" reform in vocational education aims to enhance educational capabilities and integrate talent development with regional economic needs [3]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Ministry of Education emphasizes the significant progress in higher education, enabling more young people to access university education, and highlights the role of higher education institutions as key drivers of national basic research and technological breakthroughs [1][4]. Group 1: Progress in Education - The Ministry of Education reports that basic education in China has reached the average level of high-income countries, with 2,895 counties achieving basic balance in compulsory education [4]. - The gross enrollment rate for preschool education has increased from 64.5% in 2012 to 92%, benefiting over 12 million children this year [4]. - The gross enrollment rate for higher education has risen from 30% in 2012 to 60.8%, marking a more than doubling and entering a globally recognized stage of popularization [4][5]. Group 2: Talent Supply and Economic Impact - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, higher education institutions have supplied 55 million talents to society, equivalent to the total population of many developed countries, significantly contributing to national economic and social development [5]. - Vocational education has provided over 70% of the newly added high-quality skilled talents for modern industries [5]. Group 3: Educational Reforms and Innovations - The Ministry is implementing comprehensive educational reforms, focusing on county-level revitalization and reducing competition anxiety through middle school examination reforms [6]. - In higher education, innovative measures allow graduate students to apply for degrees based on patents and product designs, breaking the traditional reliance on thesis submissions [6]. - The adjustment of academic disciplines has increased by over 20% in the past two years to better align with economic and social development needs [6]. Group 4: International Cooperation and Digital Education - The Ministry has established educational cooperation with 183 countries and regions, enhancing China's influence in digital and artificial intelligence education, vocational education, and higher education [7]. - A large-scale smart education platform has been built, serving over 170 million learners globally, and a national lifelong learning education platform has been launched to support the construction of a learning society [7].

Core Viewpoint - Yunnan Province is implementing comprehensive educational reforms to enhance the quality of education, particularly in rural areas, aiming to provide better educational resources and opportunities for local students [8][10][15]. Group 1: Educational Reforms and Developments - The "Three-Year Action Plan for High-Quality Development of Education in Yunnan Province (2023-2025)" has accelerated educational reforms, leading to significant improvements in basic education and vocational training [8][10]. - By the end of 2024, 13,700 basic education schools and 5.73 million students will be covered by various management models, achieving coverage rates of 54.51% for schools and 68.63% for students [10]. Group 2: Local Education Initiatives - In the past, many parents in rural areas preferred sending their children to prestigious schools outside their hometowns due to a lack of quality education resources [8][9]. - The introduction of quality educational resources and personalized guidance has led to improved student performance, exemplified by a student from Zhenkang County who gained admission to Beijing Foreign Studies University [9]. Group 3: Teacher Recruitment and Training - Yunnan has recruited 3,700 senior teachers through the "Silver Age Teacher Action Plan" to enhance rural education, providing mentorship and sharing teaching experiences with younger educators [11]. - The integration of experienced teachers into rural schools has improved teaching quality and student engagement [11]. Group 4: Collaboration with Higher Education Institutions - Over 6,000 university students and teachers have been dispatched to support underprivileged schools, enhancing physical education and arts education through culturally relevant curricula [13]. - The collaboration between vocational education institutions and local industries has led to the establishment of training bases, ensuring that students acquire skills aligned with regional employment needs [14][15]. Group 5: Industry-Education Integration - The partnership between educational institutions and industries, such as the collaboration with Qilin Vocational Education Group, focuses on practical training and employment readiness for students [14]. - The "dual mentor system" at universities like Kunming University of Science and Technology has resulted in a high employment rate for graduates in local industries, fostering a cycle of talent development and technical innovation [15].

Core Insights - Yunnan province is addressing educational challenges such as resource shortages and student outflow by implementing comprehensive reforms to enhance the quality of education [1][2][3] Group 1: Educational Reforms and Developments - The "Three-Year Action Plan for High-Quality Education Development in Yunnan Province (2023-2025)" has accelerated educational reforms, expanding the coverage of quality educational resources and improving vocational education [1] - The introduction of quality educational resources and personalized guidance has led to significant improvements in student performance, exemplified by a student from Zhenkang County who gained admission to Beijing Foreign Studies University [2][3] - Yunnan's educational reforms include increasing investment, enhancing teaching quality through training, and establishing resource-sharing mechanisms with prestigious schools [3][4] Group 2: Teacher Recruitment and Training - Yunnan has initiated programs to attract experienced teachers back to rural schools, enhancing the quality of education through mentorship and innovative teaching methods [5][6] - The "Silver Age Teacher Action Plan" has recruited 3,700 senior teachers to support rural education, while university students are also contributing through volunteer teaching programs [6][7] Group 3: Vocational Education and Industry Collaboration - Yunnan's vocational education is increasingly aligned with regional industry needs, with partnerships between educational institutions and companies to provide practical training and skill development [8][9] - The implementation of a dual-mentor system in universities has resulted in high employment rates for graduates, particularly in remote areas, fostering a strong link between education and local economic development [9]