最高人民法院近期发布《关于贯彻落实〈中华人民共和国民营经济促进法〉的指导意见》（以下简称 《指导意见》），提出司法保障民营经济发展壮大的25条具体举措。 其中，在依法助力拓宽融资渠道方面，《指导意见》表示，依法支持民营经济组织依托供应链产业链拓 展新的融资担保方式，依法确认非典型担保的法律效力，稳定金融机构的法治预期；依法规范金融机构 单方面增加发放贷款条件、中止发放贷款、提前收回贷款行为；依法规制"高利贷""砍头息"等非法职业 放贷和转贷等违法行为，严惩民间借贷犯罪活动，规范和引导民间融资秩序等。 业内人士认为，相对此前政策，《指导意见》的表述增加了司法强制性，针对民企的抽资压贷行为将受 到法律强力约束，有利于进一步激发民营经济发展活力与潜力。同时，非典型担保将进一步发展，让企 业融资形式更为通畅多样。 加强规范 拓宽融资渠道 《指导意见》还指出将会同市场监管、人民银行等信用综合管理部门依法依规及时修复信用。严格落实 国家金融管理政策，加强与金融监管部门沟通，推动金融机构持续优化普惠金融供给和服务，依法规范 利息收取，协同推动政策落实落地。 北京财富管理行业协会特约研究员杨海平表示，《指导意见》提出规范单方 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court has issued guidelines to support the development of the private economy in China, focusing on legal measures to address financing challenges faced by private enterprises [1] Group 1: Financial Institution Regulations - The guidelines require financial institutions to not unilaterally change loan conditions, stop lending, or recall loans, thereby protecting the rights of private economic entities [2] - These measures are seen as a way to create a fairer and more predictable financing environment, ensuring the continuity of private enterprises' operations and stabilizing their confidence [2][3] - Financial institutions must clearly define the conditions under which loan terms can be changed, ensuring transparency and preventing arbitrary actions [3] Group 2: Regulation of Informal Lending - The guidelines aim to regulate illegal lending practices such as "usury" and "head-cutting interest," which have harmed private enterprises and created significant financing challenges [4][5] - The regulation of informal lending is crucial for maintaining market order and improving the business environment, as many private enterprises have been adversely affected by chaotic lending practices [4][5] Group 3: Expanding Financing Channels - The guidelines support the use of non-typical guarantees in financing, which is essential for small and medium-sized enterprises that often lack acceptable collateral [6] - Recognizing the legal validity of non-typical guarantees is seen as a key innovation to unlock financing for private enterprises, enhancing their chances of securing loans [6] - This shift in financing logic from "collateral-based" to "value chain-based" is expected to activate dormant assets and create a more dynamic financial environment for the private economy [6]

Group 1 - The Supreme People's Court issued 25 specific judicial measures to address the challenges faced by the private economy, particularly focusing on the issues of "difficult and expensive financing" [1] - The "Guiding Opinions" aim to regulate illegal lending practices such as "usury" and "head-cutting interest," while also encouraging innovative financing guarantee models to support the development of the private economy [1][2] - The "Guiding Opinions" emphasize the need for legal protection of private enterprises' rights and interests against arbitrary loan practices by financial institutions, which can exacerbate the financial difficulties faced by these enterprises [3] Group 2 - The "Guiding Opinions" support the recognition of non-typical guarantees and the expansion of financing channels through supply chain financing, which is crucial for small and medium-sized private enterprises [4][5] - A long-term mechanism will be established to improve credit information sharing, allowing enterprises with a willingness to recover from setbacks to access financing opportunities [5] - The Supreme People's Court will collaborate with relevant departments to ensure timely updates of enterprise credit information, which is essential for preventing financing disruptions due to outdated information [5]

对于"高利贷"、"砍头息"等非法职业放贷和转贷等违法行为往往会滋生金融黑灰产行为，武汉高先生的经历正是此类犯罪的典型缩影。据央广网报道，因 生意周转急需，高先生于2023年10月向某团伙借款20万元，然而1.2万元"砍头息"就被预先扣除，实际到手仅18.8万元，合同却要求偿还31.2万元。 8月8日，最高人民法院发布《关于贯彻落实〈中华人民共和国民营经济促进法〉的指导意见》(下称《指导意见》)，针对民营经济发展痛点，亮出25条具 体司法保障举措，其中剑指"融资难、融资贵"顽疾的"依法助力拓宽融资渠道"部分尤为引人注目。 该条明确提出，规制"高利贷"、"砍头息"等违法行为，同时还规范了金融机构放贷行为，并鼓励创新融资担保模式，为民营经济发展注入法治动能。 中国社会科学院法学研究所副研究员肖京在接受21世纪经济报道记者采访时强调，作为我国第一部专门关于民营经济发展的基础性法律，《民营经济促进 法》已于5月20日正式施行，投资融资促进是该法的核心内容之一，而现实中，"融资难、融资贵"依然是制约民营经济发展壮大的重要因素之一。此次 《指导意见》精准回应这一需求，其相关措施对破解难题具有十分重要的作用。 《指导意见》明 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the Supreme People's Court's issuance of the "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Private Economy Promotion Law," which aims to address the challenges faced by the private economy, particularly focusing on the issues of "difficult financing and expensive financing" through 25 specific judicial measures [1]. Group 1: Financing Challenges - The "Guiding Opinions" specifically target the regulation of illegal lending practices such as "usury" and "head-cutting interest," while also standardizing the lending behavior of financial institutions and encouraging innovative financing guarantee models [1][3]. - The article highlights that the "Private Economy Promotion Law," which took effect on May 20, 2023, emphasizes investment and financing promotion as a core component, addressing the persistent issue of "difficult and expensive financing" that hinders the growth of the private economy [1][3]. Group 2: Regulation of Illegal Lending - The "Guiding Opinions" aim to regulate private lending order and impose strict penalties on illegal lending activities, which often lead to financial black and gray market behaviors [3][4]. - A case study is presented where an individual faced severe financial exploitation through illegal lending practices, illustrating the detrimental impact of such activities on private enterprises' financing costs and overall order in private financing [4][5]. Group 3: Financial Institution Practices - The document addresses the need to regulate financial institutions' unilateral actions, such as increasing loan conditions, halting loan disbursement, and prematurely recalling loans, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of private economic organizations [5][6]. - The article cites an example of a business owner who experienced a sudden withdrawal of credit, exacerbating their financial difficulties, highlighting the need for stricter regulations to prevent such practices [5][6]. Group 4: Innovative Financing Solutions - The "Guiding Opinions" focus on expanding new financing guarantee methods, supporting private economic organizations in utilizing supply chain and industry chain resources for financing [7][8]. - The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing the legal validity of non-typical guarantees, which can help private enterprises effectively leverage their asset resources for credit financing [7][8].

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China conducted a 122 billion yuan 7-day reverse repurchase operation on August 8, maintaining the operation rate at 1.40%, resulting in a net withdrawal of 4 billion yuan due to 126 billion yuan of reverse repos maturing on the same day [1] - In the week, the People's Bank of China performed a total of 1,126.7 billion yuan in reverse repurchase operations, with 1,663.2 billion yuan maturing, leading to a net withdrawal of 536.5 billion yuan [1] - The Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate (Shibor) for short-term products remained stable, with the overnight Shibor down by 0.06 basis points to 1.3144%, while the 7-day Shibor increased by 0.16 basis points to 1.4356% [1][2] Group 2 - In the interbank pledged repo market, short-term funding rates were mostly unchanged from the previous day, with DR001 and R001 weighted average rates decreasing by 0.3 basis points and 0.9 basis points, respectively [6] - The weighted average rates for DR007 and R007 fell by 2.6 basis points and 2.7 basis points, respectively, with transaction volumes increasing [6] - The market showed a relaxed funding environment on August 8, with overnight lending rates around 1.30% and deposit rates for certificates of deposit ranging from 1.35% to 1.38% [11] Group 3 - On August 8, a total of 148 interbank certificates of deposit were issued, with an actual issuance volume of 274.11 billion yuan [12] - The primary market for certificates of deposit continued to show strong demand, while the secondary market exhibited fluctuations with slight declines in yield rates [12] - The 1-month national bank certificate of deposit closed at 1.46%, down approximately 2.5 basis points from the previous day [12]

Core Points - The "Private Economy Promotion Law" officially took effect on May 20, marking China's first foundational law specifically aimed at the development of the private economy [1] - The law addresses the financing difficulties faced by private enterprises, emphasizing the need for financial institutions to develop market-oriented financial products tailored to the characteristics of the private economy [2][3] - Recent data shows that the loan balance for private enterprises reached 76.07 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 7.41%, while loans for small and micro enterprises grew by 12.5% [2] Group 1: Financing Challenges - Private enterprises continue to face challenges in financing due to low risk appetite from financial institutions and concerns over operational volatility and credit risk [2] - The development imbalance among private enterprises, with some lacking proper management and financial transparency, exacerbates the financing difficulties [2] - Delays in policy transmission and insufficient execution by local financial institutions further complicate the financing landscape for private enterprises [2] Group 2: Policy Initiatives - The financial regulatory authority plans to implement targeted financial services based on the characteristics of specific industries, adopting a "one industry, one policy" approach [3] - A recent macroeconomic policy package includes an increase of 300 billion yuan in re-loan quotas to support agricultural, small, and private enterprises [3] - The financial regulatory authority aims to introduce a comprehensive policy to enhance financing coordination for small and private enterprises [3] Group 3: Financial Product Development - Banks are encouraged to develop financial products that cater to the needs of private enterprises, such as credit loans and flexible short-term loans for seasonal production [4] - The law allows financial institutions to accept various forms of collateral, including accounts receivable and intellectual property, for loans to private enterprises [4] - Financial institutions are required to treat private enterprises equally in credit management and risk control, with penalties for discriminatory practices [4]

文 /高歌 十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议 4 月 30 日表决通过《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法》（以 下简称，《民营经济促进法》），自 2025 年 5 月 20 日施行。 《民营经济促进法》是中国第一部专门关于民营经济发展的基础性法律，共有 9 章 78 条， 围绕公 平竞争、投资融资促进、科技创新、规范经营、服务保障、权益保护等方面建立完善相关制度机制。 其中实现了数个首次： 首次 将坚持 " 两个毫不动摇 " 写入法律； 首次 明确民营经济的法律地 位； 首次 在法律中规定促进民营经济持续健康高质量发展是国家长期坚持的重大方针政策。 从酝酿起草到公开征求意见再到最终推出，《民营经济促进法》一直备受关注，背后承载的是对民营 经济平等对待、平等保护的要求的切实落实，以及为民营经济发展提供稳定、公平、透明、可预期的 环境。 中国人民大学法学院教授、博士生导师刘俊海一直以来积极推动民营经济促进法的制定，他曾接受全 国工商联与中国法学交流基金会的委托，负责民营经济促进法课题，并撰写建议制定民营经济促进法 的研究报告。 2023 年全国两会期间，全国工商联向全国政协重点推荐呼吁制定民营经济促进法提 案，刘俊海 ...

新华财经北京5月8日电（记者吴丛司）《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法》将于2025年5月20日起施 行。对此，国新办8日举行新闻发布会，介绍《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法》有关情况。 金融监督管理总局副局长丛林在发布会上表示，民营经济促进法第三章专门规定了投资融资促进。下一 步，金融监管总局将重点推进优化信贷供给政策、引导创新保险产品服务体系、协同创建信息对接共享 机制、强化融资担保的风险分担功能等工作。 业内专家表示，民营经济是高质量发展的重要基础，而融资是影响民营经济发展的重要因素。银行作为 资金的供给方，要在加大信贷支持力度的同时，精准对接处于不同发展阶段的民营企业，满足个性化融 资需求，进一步创新产品和服务，优化风险分担机制，提升民企信贷可得性。 优化信贷供给政策不良率容忍度进一步放宽 "对民营企业中占绝大多数的小微企业，我们制定了一系列差异化的监管政策。"丛林表示，比如在资本 监管方面，金融监管总局对小微企业贷款的风险资本权重给予了八五折到七五折优惠；在不良贷款容忍 方面，金融监管总局将普惠型小微企业贷款不良率容忍度放宽至不高于各项贷款不良率3个百分点，以 此提高银行放贷的积极性；在解决基层人员"不敢 ...

科技日报记者 都芃 企业发展离不开资金支持，民营经济要发展壮大，金融"活水"浇灌必不可少。 日前，十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议表决通过民营经济促进法。作为我国第一部关于民营经 济发展的基础性法律，民营经济促进法设专门章节对"投资融资促进"进行了明确规范，为民营经济蓬勃 发展提供有力金融支撑。 畅通融资渠道 为民企"解渴" 充足的资金是企业发展的重要驱动力。当前，市场竞争激烈，技术升级节奏加快，企业要保持竞争 力，需要不断投入资金开展研发，提升产品质量。 民营企业普遍自有资金有限，对产业链上下游依赖度高，资金流动性较差，往往需要通过阶段性融 资来补充资金，维持正常经营。 创新服务模式 帮民企"输血" 化解民营企业融资难题，离不开"真金白银"的投入，也需要更多"真心实意"的服务。 民营经济促进法中明确，银行业金融机构等依据法律法规，接受符合贷款业务需要的担保方式，并 为民营经济组织提供应收账款、仓单、股权、知识产权等权利质押贷款。各级人民政府及其有关部门应 当为动产和权利质押登记、估值、交易流通、信息共享等提供支持和便利。 "稳定的融资渠道对于民营经济的持续健康发展至关重要。"清华大学国家金融研究院院长、五道 ...