2025年中国近海海洋热含量较常年显著偏高， 导致台风等海洋灾害频次增多 从自然资源部了解到，2025年中国近海海洋热含量较常年显著偏高。 国家海洋环境预报中心助理研究员 史珍： 海水温度越高，蒸发就越剧烈，为台风输送的能量和水汽就会越多。台风吸收这些能量后， 强度会迅猛增强，可能在短时间内就从强热带风暴爆发为超强台风。海洋的巨大热量会改变上空的大气环流结构，如果热量大量集中在 南海，就可能促使引导气流的副热带高压位置和强度发生变化，导致台风路径偏离常规，比如更易北抬袭击广东、福建，或是在南海区 域内长时间停留、打转，延长破坏时间。 全球变暖与人为活动是主因 海洋热含量偏高将带来哪些影响？ 海洋吸收了人类活动引起的地球系统增暖中9 0%以上的热量，因此，海洋热含量是衡量全球变暖的关键指标。2025年，我国近海海洋 热含量达到了有观测记录以来的第二高位，其中南海热含量创历史新高。 国家海洋环境预报中心助理研究员 史珍： 海洋热含量持续创新高是多重因素叠加的结果，最根本的原因是全球温室气体排放导致地球 热量失衡，海洋吸收了其中超9 0%的额外热量，这构成了全球背景态。在这个背景下，区域气候因素也产生了叠加影响。 ...

报告显示，2025年，北海海面平均温度比1997年至2021年的长期海面平均温度高出0.9摄氏度。全年各 月海面平均温度均显著高于往年同期的平均水平，其中6月和12月创下纪录。 新华社柏林1月7日电（记者褚怡）德国联邦海事和水文局7日发布报告说，欧洲北海2025年海面平均温 度达到11.6摄氏度，这是自1969年以来该机构记录的最高值。 德国联邦海事和水文局主席黑尔格·黑格瓦尔特说，即使全球立即停止排放温室气体，海平面预计仍将 持续上升数百年，对沿海地区构成显著风险。因此有必要进一步加强气候治理，以争取时间更好应对气 候变化影响并保护海岸及沿海居民。 责编：张青津、张振 ...

关于印发《企业可持续披露准则第1号——气候（试行）》的通知 欢迎扫描下方二维码关注： 为贯彻落实党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，推动经济、社会和环境可持续发展，稳步推进我国可持续披露准则体系建设，规范企业 可持续发展信息披露，财政部会同生态环境部、外交部、国家发展改革委、工业和信息化部、商务部、中国人民银行、国务院国资委、 金融监管总局、中国证监会制定了《企业可持续披露准则第1号——气候（试行）》，现予印发，在实施范围及实施要求作出规定之前， 由企业自愿实施。 财政部 生态环境部 外交部 国家发展改革委 财会〔2025〕34号 各省、自治区、直辖市财政厅（局）、生态环境厅（局）、人民政府外事办公室、发展改革委、工业和信息化主管部门、商务主管部 门、国资委，中国人民银行上海总部及各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市分行，金融监管总局各监管局，新疆生产建设兵团财政局、 生态环境局、外事办公室、发展改革委、工业和信息化局、商务局、国资委，有关单位： 工业和信息化部 商务部 中国人民银行 国务院国资委 金融监管总局 2025年12月19日 企业可持续披露准则第1号——气候（试行） 第一章 总 则 第三条 企业在披露气候相 ...

Core Points - The COP30 conference in Belem, Brazil, aims to enhance global climate governance and address the escalating climate crisis, with warnings from UN Secretary-General Guterres about the potential catastrophic impacts of climate change on ecosystems and human habitation [2][12][13] Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - The World Meteorological Organization reported that atmospheric CO2 concentrations reached a record high of 423.9 ppm in 2024, up from 377.1 ppm in 2004 [2][4] - Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations also hit historical highs in 2024, at 1942 ppb and 338 ppb respectively [4] Global Temperature Trends - 2024 is recorded as the hottest year, with a global average temperature of 15.10°C, exceeding pre-industrial levels by 1.6°C [5] - The past 11 years have consistently ranked among the hottest on record, with the last three years being the hottest [7] Climate Change Impacts - Global warming has led to increased frequency of extreme weather events, including heatwaves, droughts, and heavy rainfall, causing significant humanitarian crises [8][10] - In 2024, extreme weather events linked to climate change resulted in at least 3700 deaths and displaced millions [8] Response to Climate Change - The COP30 conference is seen as a critical opportunity for international consensus on climate action, emphasizing the need for developed countries to lead in emissions reductions and support developing nations [12] - Guterres urged immediate and large-scale actions to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C by the end of the century [12][13]

Core Viewpoint - The COP30 conference in Belem, Brazil, highlights the urgent need for global climate governance as greenhouse gas concentrations reach record highs, leading to severe ecological and humanitarian threats [1][5]. Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - The World Meteorological Organization reported that atmospheric CO2 levels reached a historic high of 423.9 ppm in 2024, up from 377.1 ppm in 2004 [2]. - Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations also hit record levels in 2024, at 1942 ppb and 338 ppb respectively [2]. - Human activities and wildfires are major contributors to the rising CO2 levels, with reduced absorption by ecosystems exacerbating the situation [2]. Group 2: Global Temperature Increase - The year 2024 is projected to be the hottest on record, with a global average temperature of 15.10°C, exceeding pre-industrial levels by 1.6°C [3]. - The trend indicates that 2025 could also be among the hottest years recorded, with the past 11 years consistently ranking as the warmest [3]. Group 3: Impact of Climate Change - Global warming is linked to increased frequency of extreme weather events, including heatwaves, droughts, and heavy rainfall, which have devastating effects on human society [4]. - In 2024, extreme weather events led to significant casualties and displacement, with at least 3700 deaths reported due to climate-related disasters [4]. - The rising ocean temperatures are causing widespread coral bleaching, further threatening marine ecosystems [4]. Group 4: Human Response to Climate Change - The COP30 conference serves as a critical platform for international consensus on climate action, emphasizing the need for immediate and substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions [5]. - Developed countries are urged to take the lead in emission reductions and support developing nations with funding and technology [5]. - UN Secretary-General António Guterres called for urgent action to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C by the end of the century, framing the conference as a potential turning point in climate action [5].

Core Viewpoint - The global climate change situation is severe, with rising greenhouse gas concentrations and increasing extreme weather events posing significant threats to ecosystems and human habitation [1][2][4]. Group 1: Greenhouse Gas Concentrations - The latest report from the World Meteorological Organization indicates that atmospheric CO2 concentrations reached a historical high of 423.9 ppm in 2024, up from 377.1 ppm in 2004 [2]. - Methane and nitrous oxide concentrations also hit record levels in 2024, at 1942 ppb and 338 ppb respectively [2]. - Human activities, including ongoing CO2 emissions and frequent wildfires, are major contributors to this increase, alongside reduced absorption by land and ocean ecosystems [2]. Group 2: Global Temperature Increase - Reports from the Copernicus Climate Change Service and NASA indicate that 2024 is the hottest year on record, with a global average temperature of 15.10°C, exceeding pre-industrial levels by 1.6°C [3]. - The trend suggests that 2025 may also rank among the hottest years recorded, with the past 11 years being the warmest on record [3]. Group 3: Impacts of Climate Change - Global warming is leading to more frequent and severe weather events, including heatwaves, droughts, and floods, which have catastrophic effects on human society [4]. - A report from the World Weather Attribution Alliance highlights that 15 out of 16 studied floods in 2024 were closely linked to climate change-induced extreme rainfall [4]. - The consequences of extreme weather events are causing widespread displacement and hindering sustainable development and economic progress [4]. Group 4: Ecosystem and Environmental Damage - Rising ocean temperatures are exacerbating coral bleaching, with the extent and severity of this phenomenon increasing globally [5]. Group 5: Response to Climate Change - The ongoing COP30 conference in Belém represents a critical opportunity for international consensus on climate governance and action [6]. - The urgency to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions is emphasized, with calls for developed countries to take the lead in significant reductions and support for developing nations [6]. - UN Secretary-General António Guterres stresses the need for immediate and large-scale actions to limit temperature increases to 1.5°C by the end of the century [6].

Core Insights - Extreme weather events, including heatwaves, heavy rainfall, floods, and droughts, are becoming the new normal globally, significantly threatening human health and well-being [2] - The 2025 report from UCL and WHO indicates that global temperature rise leads to approximately one death per minute from heat-related diseases, with an average of 546,000 deaths annually from 2012 to 2021 [2] - The report criticizes the U.S. for its climate commitments, particularly after former President Trump withdrew from climate agreements, exacerbating the health impacts of climate change [2] Group 1 - The top 100 fossil fuel companies have raised their production forecasts, potentially tripling CO2 emissions beyond the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C target [3] - In 2024, commercial banks are projected to invest a record $611 billion in the fossil fuel sector, compared to $532 billion in green sectors [3] - Governments are providing $2.5 billion daily in direct subsidies to fossil fuel companies, while extreme heat is causing significant economic losses due to reduced labor capacity [3] Group 2 - The average global exposure to lethal heat has increased, with individuals facing 19 days per year of extreme heat, 16 of which are attributed to human-induced climate change [3] - In 2024, extreme heat is expected to result in a loss of 639 billion hours of labor, with the least developed countries experiencing economic losses equivalent to 6% of their GDP [3] - Air pollution from fossil fuel combustion is responsible for millions of deaths annually, and the dry climate is contributing to wildfires, with smoke-related deaths projected to reach 154,000 in 2024 [3] Group 3 - The CEO of ClientEarth emphasizes that humanity is in an era of "climate consequences," shifting the focus from "if" to "when" accountability for climate impacts will occur [4] - There is a call for an immediate end to fossil fuel subsidies and increased investment in clean energy to safeguard future health [5]

Core Insights - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reports that carbon dioxide levels have reached their highest in at least 800,000 years, with growth rates tripling since the 1960s [2][3] - The report highlights a "vicious cycle" of climate change exacerbated by emissions from fossil fuels and increasing wildfires, while the Earth's ability to absorb these gases is diminishing [3] Summary by Sections Carbon Dioxide Levels - The average global carbon dioxide concentration is projected to increase at the highest annual rate since monitoring began in 1957, rising from 2.4 ppm (parts per million) during 2011-2020 to 3.5 ppm for 2023-2024 [3] Climate Change Impacts - The WMO emphasizes that the heat trapped by greenhouse gases is intensifying climate warming, leading to more extreme weather events, which poses risks to economic security and social welfare [3] - Climate Analytics CEO Bill Hare describes the new data as "shocking and concerning," indicating a feedback loop driven by record high temperatures, forest fires, and warming oceans [3] Global Response and Commitments - Despite some governments continuing to promote fossil fuel use, certain companies and local governments are taking proactive measures against global warming [3] - However, few countries have made new climate commitments that adequately address the severity of the climate crisis [3] Future Projections - The WMO warns that the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations in 2024 indicates a long-term warming trajectory, with methane and nitrous oxide levels also reaching historical highs [3] - The report raises doubts about the world's ability to meet the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement, which aims to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels [3]

Core Viewpoint - A recent study published in the British journal Nature indicates that extreme weather events due to climate change have significantly increased tree mortality rates in the tropical rainforests of Queensland, Australia, transforming these carbon-absorbing forests into carbon emission sources [1][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study, initiated by multiple academic institutions from Australia, the UK, and France, tracked the growth of tropical rainforests in Queensland since the 1970s [3]. - From 1970 to 1980, the average annual net carbon absorption per hectare of rainforest was approximately one ton [3]. - However, between 2010 and 2019, the situation reversed, with rainforests releasing nearly the same amount of carbon per hectare annually [3]. Group 2: Climate Change Impact - The research highlights that the effects of climate change extend beyond increased temperatures and droughts to include more frequent cyclonic activity, which severely damages the rainforest ecosystem [5]. - The carbon absorbed during tree growth can no longer offset the carbon released due to large-scale tree mortality [5]. - Researchers express concern that more rainforests may face similar challenges in the future and urge immediate action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to preserve these vital forests' role in mitigating global warming [5].

Core Insights - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere are set to reach a historic high in 2024, with a record increase compared to 2023 [1][2] - Human activities and frequent wildfires are identified as primary contributors to the rise in CO2 levels, alongside a reduction in the ability of land and ocean ecosystems to absorb CO2, potentially leading to a climate feedback loop [1][2] Summary by Sections CO2 Concentration Data - The average global CO2 concentration rose from 377.1 ppm in 2004 to 423.9 ppm in 2024, marking an increase of 3.5 ppm from 2023 to 2024, the largest annual increase since modern measurements began in 1957 [1] - Methane and nitrous oxide, the second and third largest greenhouse gases, also reached record levels in 2024, with average concentrations of 1942 ppb and 338 ppb, respectively [1] Carbon Absorption and Climate Impact - Approximately half of the total annual CO2 emissions remain in the atmosphere, while the rest is absorbed by terrestrial ecosystems and oceans, a process known as "carbon sinks" [2] - Rising global temperatures are expected to diminish the ocean's capacity to absorb CO2, and various factors, including prolonged droughts, may affect land carbon sink capabilities [2] Importance of Emission Reduction - The WMO emphasizes that the heat captured by CO2 and other greenhouse gases is accelerating climate warming, leading to more extreme weather events, making emission reduction critical for climate stability, economic security, and social welfare [2] - The report serves as authoritative scientific information for the upcoming 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, highlighting the long-term impact of CO2 emissions on global climate [2]