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深圳大学发表最新Science论文
生物世界· 2025-10-10 00:00
2025 年 10 月 9 日, 深圳大学 李清泉 院士、 杨超 助理教授等 , 在国际顶尖学术期刊 Science 上发表了题为: Tropical forest carbon offsets deliver partial gains amid persistent over-crediting 的研究论文。 该研究分析了来自南美洲、非洲和东南亚 12 个国家的 52 个 REDD+ 避免意外毁林项目, 发现这些项目的气候效益高于以往研究,但总体成效仍然较低 ,仅有 19% 的项目达到了它们自 己报告的减排目标, 且 项目成功情况和高估程度在各国之间差异很大。 撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 森林退化 是 温室气体排放 的一个主要来源, 因此,通过保护森林的碳补偿项目,例如 REDD+ ( 减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量增强版 ) , 来抵消其他地区 的温室气体排放,并在 自愿碳市场 中进行交易。然而,这些项目的有效性近期 受到了质疑 , 导致碳补偿价值下降。 REDD+ ( Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation Plus ) , ...
四大水泥龙头这一关键指标均下降 | ESG信披洞察
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-10-06 07:44
智通财经记者 | 田鹤琪 中国是全球最大的建材生产国和消费国。由于产业规模大、窑炉工艺特点等原因,建材行业也是工业能 源消耗和碳排放的重点领域,是中国碳减排任务最重的行业之一。 今年3月,水泥行业正式纳入全国碳市场。 从碳排放现状看,目前水泥行业碳排放量约占全国碳排放总量的9%。中国是全球水泥制造第一大国, 2019年全球水泥产能为37亿吨,中国约占其中60%。 今年5月,中国水泥协会发布了《2025年中国水泥上市公司综合实力排名的公告》称,从2025年中国水 泥上市公司综合实力排名结果来看,排名前5位的公司分别是海螺水泥(600585.SH),中国建材集团有限 公司(03323.HK,下称中国建材)、华新水泥(600801.SH)、天山股份(000877.SZ)和华润建材科技 (01313.HK)。 天山股份是中国建材旗下的核心子公司,主营水泥、熟料、商品混凝土和骨料的生产及销售。因此天山 股份不再单独比较。 温室气体排放总量是衡量企业碳足迹的核心指标。此次四家企业均披露该数据,且均包含范围一和范围 二。 根据国际排放核算工具温室气体(GHG)核算体系,范围一温室气体排放量是指企业拥有或控制的排放源 所产生 ...
【环球财经】新预测:美国气候政策转向拖累全球气候治理
Xin Hua She· 2025-09-16 09:51
Core Insights - In the first half of this year, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions surged, leading to a global increase compared to the same period last year [1] - A new forecast indicates that the recent shift in U.S. climate policy under the new government towards supporting fossil fuels will hinder global climate governance [1] Group 1: U.S. Climate Policy Changes - The U.S. energy and climate policy has undergone the most drastic shift in recent years since President Trump returned to the White House, which will reduce the U.S. emission reduction rate to half of what was achieved in the past 20 years [1] - In the best-case scenario, where fossil fuels become more expensive and renewable energy is rapidly deployed, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions could only decrease by 43% by 2040, significantly lower than the previous administration's commitment to reduce emissions by 61% to 66% from 2005 levels by 2035 [1] Group 2: Global Climate Impact - The shift in U.S. policy is expected to have profound implications for the global climate crisis [1] - In the worst-case scenario, where the development of clean energy is severely constrained by economic and political factors, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions could potentially increase by the end of the 2030s [1]
交卷了吗?上市公司可持续发展报告“模拟考”成绩出炉
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-25 10:23
Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Guidelines for the Sustainable Development Report of Listed Companies" marks a shift from voluntary to mandatory disclosure, with a deadline for companies to publish their 2025 reports by April 30, 2026, focusing on emissions reporting [1][24]. Group 1: Disclosure Requirements - Nearly 50% of listed companies (2,481) disclosed their 2024 sustainable development reports, with a disclosure rate of about 95% among mandatory disclosure entities [3][24]. - The mandatory disclosure entities include companies listed on major indices such as the Shanghai 180 Index and the ChiNext Index, as well as companies listed both domestically and internationally [5][24]. - The disclosure rate for mandatory entities reached 94.42% in 2024, indicating a high level of compliance [6][24]. Group 2: Emission Reporting - The proportion of A-share listed companies disclosing greenhouse gas emissions has shown a significant upward trend, with 59.81% reporting Scope 1 emissions, 60.02% for Scope 2, and 11.37% for Scope 3 in 2024 [12][24]. - Among mandatory disclosure entities, approximately 98% have initiated carbon reduction actions, and nearly two-thirds have implemented measures to reduce emissions in their supply chains [7][24]. - The number of companies disclosing Scope 3 emissions has increased by 11% over two years, with over a quarter of mandatory entities voluntarily reporting this data [17][24]. Group 3: Industry-Specific Disclosure Rates - Most industries have achieved a 100% disclosure rate among mandatory entities, with the manufacturing sector at 91.73%, indicating a need for improvement to meet regulatory requirements [10][24]. - The financial, manufacturing, and cultural sectors have not reached 100% disclosure rates, highlighting areas for potential enhancement [10][24]. Group 4: Carbon Management and Goals - In 2024, 24.87% of companies that disclosed sustainable development reports set and disclosed greenhouse gas reduction targets, with over 98% regularly tracking their progress [21][24]. - The most commonly used standards for emissions accounting include ISO 14064 and GHG Protocol, reflecting a trend towards standardized reporting practices [22][24]. - Among mandatory disclosure entities, 97.94% have undertaken carbon reduction initiatives, and 53.47% have developed transition plans to address climate-related risks [23][24]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The establishment of a robust standard system and third-party verification mechanisms, along with the influence of green finance and investors, is expected to enhance the low-carbon transition and sustainable development of listed companies in China [25][24].
作者中文属名,95后中国学者一作Nature论文,发现全新N₂O还原酶
生物世界· 2025-08-21 00:05
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the discovery of a novel bacterial protein family that catalyzes nitrous oxide (N₂O) reduction, which is significant for understanding N₂O consumption and its implications for climate change and greenhouse gas emissions [4][9]. Group 1: Research Findings - A new type of nitrous oxide reductase, known as L-N₂OR, has been identified, expanding the known diversity of N₂O reductases [8][9]. - The research indicates that the L-N₂OR gene is present in various taxa, primarily found in widely distributed uncultured microbial communities [8]. - The study highlights the involvement of previously unrecognized groups, such as Nitrospinota, in N₂O consumption [9]. Group 2: Implications - The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of N₂O consumption sources, which is crucial for greenhouse gas emission models and climate change strategies [4][9]. - The discovery of new N₂O reductases provides opportunities for innovative biotechnologies aimed at reducing N₂O emissions [4][9].
美媒:一条美国正落后于中国的新道路
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2025-08-15 11:31
美国"政治新闻网"8月13日文章,原题:一条美国可能正落后于中国的新道路 作为当今世界温室气体排 放量最大的两个国家,美国和中国在今年上半年走上截然不同的道路。"全球实时碳数据"——一个由国 际学者团队领导的全球碳排放量跟踪机构——发布的数据显示,2025年前6个月,中国的二氧化碳排放 量同比下降2.7%,而美国同期的二氧化碳排放量同比增长4.2%。 这完全逆转了过去十年来的惯常趋势。不过,分析师表示,现在断言这种逆转已经成为长期趋势尚为时 过早。今年上半年的美中两国排放数据与天气、天然气价格等短期经济因素息息相关。而且,天气和经 济这两方面的因素都有可能迅速发生变化。但全球经济确实出现预示着将发生结构性变化的迹象。 目前,中国仍然需要大量煤炭,而煤炭是碳密集程度最高的化石燃料。中国占全球煤炭消耗量的一半以 上。不过,国际能源署的数据显示,与2024年上半年相比,中国的煤炭消耗量同比下降了2.6%。中国 的太阳能发电装机容量大幅上升是发生这种转变的主要原因。 按照国际能源署的数据,仅在今年5月,中国的太阳能发电新增装机容量就达到令人震惊的92.92吉瓦, 从而将中国全国的太阳能发电累计装机容量提升到10亿千瓦 ...
大堡礁珊瑚减少幅度之大创监测39年来纪录
Xin Hua Wang· 2025-08-07 00:43
新华社北京8月6日电 澳大利亚海洋科学研究所6日发布对大堡礁生态系统的最新年度监测报告,显 示大堡礁三个区域中有两个区域的珊瑚覆盖面积减少幅度创下开展监测39年来最高纪录。该机构担心, 大堡礁珊瑚白化现象随着全球变暖加剧,可能导致珊瑚难以恢复生长。 这是2021年6月2日在澳大利亚昆士兰拍摄的大堡礁(无人机照片)。新华社发(胡泾辰摄) 澳大利亚海洋科学研究所从1986年开始每年对大堡礁开展全面勘测。2024年8月至2025年5月的勘测 结果显示,大堡礁北部、南部和中部区域珊瑚覆盖面积比上一勘测周期分别减少约四分之一、近三分之 一和约14%,其中北部和南部区域流失幅度为启动监测以来最高。 研究所说,珊瑚大幅减少的主要原因是气候变化带来的高温导致大量珊瑚白化,另外,气旋以及以 珊瑚为食的棘冠海星数量暴增也是重要原因。 20世纪90年代以前,大范围珊瑚白化现象非常罕见,之后随着全球变暖变得频繁。1998年,大堡礁 首次出现这一现象;第二次发生在2002年;2016年和2017年首次接连出现,2020年、2022年、2024年、 2025年均出现大范围珊瑚白化。 这是2021年6月2日在澳大利亚昆士兰拍摄的大堡礁海域 ...
江源科考“把脉”长江源区最大湿地
Xin Hua She· 2025-08-05 22:36
Core Insights - The research team from the Yangtze River Academy is conducting a comprehensive examination of the health status of the Chadan Wetland, focusing on the latest developments in permafrost thawing and greenhouse gas emissions [1][4]. Group 1: Research Activities - The Chadan Wetland, located in Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province, is the source of the southern tributary of the Yangtze River, the Dangqu [1]. - The research team is collecting water and sediment samples from the source of the Dangqu for physicochemical analysis to explore the sediment composition and runoff formation processes [2][3]. - The team is utilizing ground-penetrating radar to scan the land adjacent to the wetland, aiming to provide original data on the impact of climate change on the "groundwater-permafrost cycle" [4][5]. Group 2: Environmental Concerns - The wetland ecosystem, while rich in vegetation, is fragile and threatened by climate change, leading to degradation in some areas [3][4]. - Observations indicate a reduction in the thickness of permanent permafrost and an increase in seasonal permafrost thickness, with ongoing research to uncover more patterns [4][7]. - The melting of permafrost not only affects groundwater and surface water changes but also releases significant organic carbon, potentially exacerbating the greenhouse effect [7]. Group 3: Monitoring and Data Collection - The research team has established a long-term monitoring well from an abandoned water well to collect data on groundwater and permafrost relationships [4]. - Soil sensors are being used to monitor real-time soil temperature and moisture, contributing to the understanding of the relationship between vegetation, soil moisture, and permafrost degradation [4][6]. - Initial monitoring results show spatial differences in greenhouse gas emissions across the wetland, with melting thermal lakes identified as active "hotspots" for gas exchange [7].
“特朗普这一法案,会使中国主导地位无懈可击”
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-04 09:51
据《中国能源报》报道,7月4日,美国总统特朗普签署"大而美"税改法案,取消多项清洁能源优惠政 策,包括提前终止清洁能源税收抵免、取消购买电动汽车税收减免等,使得本就陷入融资困境的太阳能 等可再生能源行业更加如履薄冰。舆论认为,在政策摇摆和不确定性加强的大环境中,美国清洁能源产 业,正进入"至暗时刻"。 当地时间7月31日,英国《经济学人》对此发文指出,随着时间的推移,"大而美"法案应该能够巩固中 国在电动汽车市场及众多其他可再生能源技术领域中"不可动摇的领先地位"。 美国普林斯顿大学的研究显示,在"大而美"法案的影响下,到2035年,美国的温室气体排放量将比原有 政策下高出4.7亿吨二氧化碳当量。美国荣鼎咨询预计,2025至2035年间,美国清洁能源发电量的新增 量将仅为原有政策下的57%至62%。 普林斯顿大学的研究还指出,如果再加上特朗普无需立法即可实施的政策影响,如终止美国环境保护局 的温室气体监管、废除机动车燃油经济性标准和工业能效标准等,超额排放量将达到10亿吨甚至更多。 特朗普站在高尔夫球场上,远处巨大的风机矗立天际 对此,美国清洁能源行业内许多人都在暗自恐慌。他们表示,比起"大而美"法案分阶段逐 ...
国际法院:不积极应对气候变化,可能违法国际法
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2025-07-24 22:50
Group 1 - The International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued an advisory opinion stating that countries may violate international law if they do not actively address climate change, potentially leading to legal consequences [1] - The advisory opinion emphasizes that a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment should be considered a fundamental human right, and countries have a legal obligation to curb greenhouse gas emissions and protect environmental systems [1] - The ICJ's president highlighted that the current climate crisis threatens the survival of the planet and all life, and failure to take appropriate action could result in legal responsibilities, such as ceasing harmful practices and compensating for negative impacts [1] Group 2 - The advisory opinion could serve as a basis for accountability among nations and may influence the agenda of the upcoming COP30 climate change conference [1] - The opinion was released amid efforts by the U.S. government to weaken environmental regulations, which could hinder future climate change initiatives [2] - The Pacific island nation of Vanuatu initiated a global response to climate change, gaining support from over 130 countries, leading to the UN General Assembly's request for the ICJ's advisory opinion [2]