新华社洛杉矶2月14日电 新闻分析｜如何看美国撤销气候危害认定的危害 新华社记者谭晶晶 刘亚南 美国总统特朗普12日宣布撤销美国环境保护署2009年作出的温室气体危害认定。这一认定确认二氧 化碳等温室气体排放危害公众健康和福祉，是美国依据《清洁空气法》监管温室气体排放的重要法律基 础。 2009年奥巴马政府时期，美环保署基于大量科学研究认定，二氧化碳等6种温室气体对美国公众的 健康和福祉构成潜在威胁，并据此制定多项排放限制措施。这项危害认定成为美国汽车尾气标准、发电 厂排放规则等气候政策的法律支点。 自20世纪末以来，主流气候科学研究普遍认为，人类活动导致的温室气体排放是全球变暖的主要驱 动因素，与极端天气、海平面上升、生态失衡密切相关。批评者认为，撤销危害认定是否定基础科学共 识的政策倒退，与当前全球气候治理趋势背道而驰。 美国《时代》周刊报道说，撤销危害认定"瓦解了赋予政府监管温室气体排放权力的法律框架"，这 是特朗普政府迄今在气候问题上的最大规模政策倒退。美国《华盛顿邮报》文章称，这标志着保守派和 行业团体长期削弱联邦气候监管努力取得阶段性成果，并可能增加未来政府恢复相关法规的难度。 美国前总统奥巴马在 ...

Core Viewpoint - Green development is a prominent feature of Chinese-style modernization, with the current economic and social development entering a phase of accelerated green and low-carbon high-quality development, guided by the principles of carbon peak and carbon neutrality [1] Group 1: Climate Governance and Economic Development - The 20th Central Committee emphasizes the need to transition from a single emission reduction approach to a systematic governance model for climate response, highlighting the importance of balancing climate governance with economic development [2] - Climate governance is essential for achieving high-quality development and requires institutional innovation and market-driven approaches to make green and low-carbon initiatives new drivers of economic growth [2] Group 2: Challenges in Climate Change Response - There are significant challenges in addressing climate change, including increased pressure on ecosystems due to extreme weather, systemic shocks to agriculture and health, high costs and uncertain returns for corporate transformation, and difficulties in financing for small and medium-sized enterprises [3] - The carbon market's functionality is insufficient, with unstandardized carbon accounting and a lack of diverse financial products affecting the conversion of carbon asset values and market stability [3] Group 3: Systematic Strategy for Climate Change - A systematic strategy to effectively respond to climate change should focus on institutional guarantees, market empowerment, stakeholder support, and risk prevention, enhancing the country's capacity to address climate change [4] - Establishing a policy coordination mechanism is crucial to overcoming fragmented climate governance, requiring cross-departmental and cross-regional collaboration [4] Group 4: Market Innovation and Carbon Asset Value - Market innovation is key to unleashing the intrinsic motivation for climate governance, focusing on the conversion of carbon asset values and creating a diversified market system [5] - Enhancing the carbon market's operational mechanisms and developing a rich array of carbon financial products can stabilize emission reduction expectations and support international climate governance projects [5] Group 5: Risk Prevention and Climate Safety - A climate-related risk monitoring and early warning platform should be established, integrating data from various sectors to dynamically assess and monitor physical and transition risks [6] - Financial institutions should incorporate climate risks into their credit approval processes and enhance risk transparency through improved disclosure practices [6]

联合国前副秘书长 联合国环境规划署前执行主任 索尔海姆：我认为，讽刺的是最大的影响反而会落在美国身上，因为美国现在正在削减在太阳能、风能和 电动汽车方面的投入。 今年1月7日，美国总统特朗普签署备忘录，指示美国退出合计66个所谓"不再符合美国利益"的国际组织。曾任联合国副秘书长和环境规划署前执行主任的埃 里克·索尔海姆日前在接受总台记者采访时表示，美国接连"退群"伤害的是其自身利益，也给全球带来更多不确定性。 联合国前副秘书长 联合国环境规划署前执行主任 索尔海姆：美国退出《巴黎协定》，是一个非常负面的动作。我们需要更多，而不是更少的多边合作。但 归根结底，这主要伤害的是美国人民，而不是世界其他国家。 美国近期宣布退出的66个国际组织中，就包括《联合国气候变化框架公约》。索尔海姆表示，美国退出气候公约正在系统性解构现有规则体系，打破了各国 在气候治理的协同格局，而最大的受害者将是美国自身。 联合国前副秘书长 联合国环境规划署前执行主任 索尔海姆：这完全是美国单方面的行动，不符合《联合国宪章》或任何其他国际法，美国退出了包括联合 国教科文组织在内的各种国际文化、教育、贸易组织和国际协定。这在美国国内也存在很大争 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the importance of integrating public and small-scale carbon reduction behaviors into the national carbon reduction system under the ongoing "dual carbon" goals, highlighting the carbon-inclusive mechanism as a significant institutional innovation that has shown positive results in engaging social participation but lacks a stable, sustainable market value realization mechanism [1][2] Group 1: Current Practices and Developments - The carbon-inclusive mechanism aims to quantify and visualize low-carbon behaviors of individuals, families, and small entities through digital accounting and incentives, thus creating a real incentive mechanism for climate governance [2][3] - Multiple provinces and cities have made progress in establishing carbon-inclusive systems, incorporating scenarios such as green travel, energy-saving behaviors, and low-carbon consumption into the accounting system, significantly enhancing public participation in carbon reduction [2][3] - The mechanism has raised public awareness of ecological protection and reinforced social recognition of green lifestyles, laying the groundwork for future integration with other systems and market development [3] Group 2: Challenges Faced - There are institutional issues that need to be addressed, such as the unclear boundaries between carbon-inclusive mechanisms and existing carbon emission trading markets, which could hinder the formation of market value [4][5] - The current design focuses on incentivizing participation without incorporating the carbon reduction achievements of the public and small enterprises into a tradable voluntary reduction system, leading to a lack of stable market signals and long-term participation expectations [4] - The connection between carbon-inclusive mechanisms and carbon finance remains insufficient, as most outcomes have not been integrated into financial product designs or green finance tools [5] Group 3: Policy Recommendations - It is suggested to clarify the usage boundaries of carbon-inclusive outcomes at the institutional level, ensuring that public and small enterprise carbon reduction results are recognized in broader voluntary reduction and carbon neutrality applications [6][7] - Establishing a trading mechanism for carbon-inclusive outcomes that allows quantified low-carbon behaviors to be realized in broader trading scenarios is recommended, requiring work on accounting standards and data traceability [6] - Accelerating the integration of carbon-inclusive outcomes into the green finance system is crucial for enabling financial institutions to recognize, assess, and price their value, thus supporting the sustainable development of the mechanism [7]

Core Insights - The report from the German Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency indicates that the average sea surface temperature in the North Sea is projected to reach 11.6 degrees Celsius by 2025, marking the highest level recorded since 1969 [1] - The 2025 average temperature is expected to be 0.9 degrees Celsius higher than the long-term average from 1997 to 2021, with significant increases noted in June and December [1] - The agency's president, Helge Hegwald, emphasized the long-term risks of rising sea levels, which are expected to continue for centuries even if greenhouse gas emissions are halted immediately, highlighting the need for enhanced climate governance [1]

Group 1 - The global average surface temperature is projected to rise by 1.40℃ compared to pre-industrial levels (1850-1900) by 2025, making it one of the warmest years on record [1][2] - The past three years have been the warmest on record, indicating a persistent trend of global warming [1] - In January 2025, the global average surface temperature reached a historical high for that time of year, with significant temperature increases observed in various regions including Northeast and Southern Europe, Northeast East Asia, and parts of North America [2] Group 2 - The Third Pole region, centered around the Tibetan Plateau, is identified as a sensitive area for climate change, with average temperatures breaking historical records in 2025 and a consistent increase over the past four years [3] - The rate of warming in the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2025 is significantly higher than the global average, with increased annual precipitation trends observed [3] - Extreme weather events such as high temperatures and heavy rainfall are becoming more frequent in the Tibetan Plateau region, leading to glacier retreat and permafrost degradation [3] Group 3 - Experts emphasize that accelerating global warming necessitates ongoing emission reduction efforts as a fundamental approach to climate governance [5] - The importance of adapting to climate change is highlighted, with a call for enhanced societal capacity to respond to extreme weather events such as heatwaves, floods, and typhoons [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates that 2025 is projected to be one of the warmest years on record, with a global average surface temperature increase of 1.40°C compared to pre-industrial levels (1850-1900) and 0.52°C above the average annual value [1] - The last three years have been the warmest on record, highlighting a persistent trend of global climate warming [1] - Specific regions such as Northeast and Southern Europe, Northeast East Asia, much of Central Asia, Northern and Southwestern North America, and the Antarctic Peninsula are expected to experience record-high average annual temperatures in 2025 [1] Group 2 - The Arctic region's average temperature is projected to be 1.17°C above the average, ranking as the third highest in history [1] - The Third Pole region, centered around the Tibetan Plateau, is identified as a sensitive area for climate change, with average temperatures breaking historical records for four consecutive years [1] - The rate of warming in the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2025 is significantly higher than the global average, with increased annual precipitation trends observed in the region [1] Group 3 - Experts emphasize that continuing to promote emission reductions is essential for global climate governance amid accelerating climate warming [2] - The importance of adapting to climate change is increasingly recognized, necessitating enhanced societal capabilities to respond to extreme weather events such as heatwaves, floods, and strong typhoons [2]

Core Viewpoint - China is emerging as a global leader in climate governance, contrasting with the West's lack of clear direction and commitment in this area [1][2]. Group 1: China's Leadership in Climate Governance - China's rise as a green development leader is remarkable, with projections indicating that by 2024, two-thirds of global electric vehicle sales will come from China, and new energy vehicles will account for 50% of domestic new car sales, compared to around 10% in the U.S. and 20% in Europe [2]. - China produces over 70% of the world's electric vehicles and controls 85% of the global battery supply chain [2]. - In 2024, China's investment in clean energy will exceed $625 billion, representing 31% of global investment in this sector, with renewable energy capacity being more than four times that of the U.S. [2]. Group 2: Integration of Climate Policy and Economic Strategy - China's governance model integrates development goals with net-zero emissions, viewing climate policy as a crucial pillar of national security rather than merely a sustainability issue [2][5]. - The country combines market mechanisms with state guidance, achieving significant results that may be more persuasive for many nations compared to traditional Western models [4]. Group 3: Global Influence and Cooperation - As countries in Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia seek scalable solutions, China's low-cost clean energy technologies may surpass Western innovations, making the Chinese model attractive for rapid development and energy transition [5]. - China has signed 55 climate cooperation memorandums with 43 developing countries and implemented over 300 capacity-building projects, providing training for more than 10,000 individuals [6].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is the introduction of the "Climate Guidelines," which marks a significant step towards a unified sustainable disclosure framework in China, aimed at enhancing corporate transparency regarding climate-related actions and risks [1][3][11] - The "Climate Guidelines" are positioned as a trial document, allowing voluntary implementation by companies, with plans for gradual expansion from listed to non-listed companies and from large to small enterprises [1][3][9] - The guidelines consist of four main parts: governance, strategy, risk and opportunity management, and metrics and targets, aligning with international standards such as IFRS and TCFD [5][6][7] Group 2 - The implementation of the "Climate Guidelines" is expected to reduce compliance and communication costs for companies, providing a transparent framework for disclosing climate actions and risks [8][9] - A+H share listed companies are identified as the core group affected by the guidelines, as they will no longer need to comply with two different sets of standards, thus lowering compliance pressure [9][10] - The guidelines will encourage companies to focus on climate issues, enhancing their governance mechanisms and risk management processes, which is seen as a breakthrough in corporate climate awareness [13]

文｜《财经》研究员 尹路 2025年四季度，全球储能电池市场正经历着一场具有历史意义的结构性转变。储能电池正在从早期的"政策依赖型"向"市场经济型"转移，一个以万亿级资 本投入为特征的"超级周期"正在拉开帷幕。 回顾2025年初，行业内部曾弥漫着一种谨慎甚至悲观的情绪。彼时，中国作为全球最大的储能市场，出台了不再将配置储能作为新能源项目并网核准强制 前置条件的政策。这一变动曾被市场解读为储能需求的短期利空，认为失去了行政指令的强制捆绑，储能装机量将面临增长乏力，甚至下跌的困境。然 而，2025年末，市场实际运行的轨迹与早前的悲观预测形成了鲜明反差，数据层面的证据最为直观。 电网安全的刚需、经济理性的选择、扶持政策的延续、减碳行动的强化，共同支撑着储能的高增速 最新的储能系统和EPC招标数据统计，2025年下半年强制配储政策正式退出之后，市场并未遇冷，反而呈现出爆发式增长。尤其是进入8月后，单月招标 规模创下历史新高，远超往年同期水平。这种井喷式的数据表明，市场对于储能的需求已经不再来自政策强制，而是由内生动力所驱动。 编辑｜马克 基于此，包括高盛、摩根士丹利及国内头部券商在内的多家知名投研机构，纷纷大幅上调了 ...