Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War, highlighting the enduring spirit and historical significance of various educational institutions in China during wartime [1]. Group 1: Southwest Associated University - The Southwest Associated University, which existed for only eight years, produced eight "Two Bombs, One Satellite" contributors and two Nobel Prize winners, marking its legendary status in Chinese education history [3]. - The university's spirit is encapsulated in its motto "Resilience and Excellence," and its legacy is preserved through various cultural initiatives, including the establishment of a museum and themed performances [9][11]. - Students are inspired by the perseverance of their predecessors, who maintained optimism and a commitment to serving the country despite challenging circumstances [7]. Group 2: Nanjing University and the John Rabe Memorial - The John Rabe Memorial in Nanjing serves as a testament to the humanitarian efforts during the Nanjing Massacre, housing a list of 602 refugees saved by Rabe and his colleagues [12]. - The memorial has welcomed approximately 300,000 visitors and has utilized modern technology to share Rabe's story internationally, emphasizing the importance of peace [16]. Group 3: Chongqing University - Chongqing University features significant historical buildings, such as the "Stone House" which survived multiple bombings during the war, symbolizing resilience in the pursuit of knowledge [17]. - The university's cultural heritage is preserved through the renovated "Seven-Seven Anti-Japanese War Auditorium," which continues to serve as a cultural hub [24]. - The university's commitment to education during wartime is reflected in its ongoing initiatives to honor the sacrifices of past generations and inspire current students [22].

Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of "superstition" and its multifaceted nature, highlighting that it is not merely a subject waiting to be conquered by science but is intertwined with various aspects of life [1] - It references Jiang Shaoyuan's work "Folklore and Superstition," which defines superstition as beliefs and practices that conflict with modern science, reflecting a historical perspective on the topic [2][5] - The article explores the public's reaction to the construction of Sun Yat-sen's mausoleum, where rumors about the need to capture souls of children led to widespread panic and the creation of protective charms [6][7] Group 2 - Jiang Shaoyuan's analysis includes the official responses to the rumors, indicating that the authorities' actions may have inadvertently fueled public fear rather than alleviating it [7][8] - The article contrasts the public perception of Sun Yat-sen with that of Lenin, suggesting that the lack of a "savior" figure in Chinese culture contributed to a different public response to revolutionary figures [16][20] - It emphasizes the cultural differences between Russian and Chinese traditions regarding the concept of a "savior," noting that Chinese culture tends to focus on self-reliance rather than reliance on a singular heroic figure [21][24]

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Inner Mongolia Science Popularization Explanation Competition for Youth showcased the creativity and knowledge of 98 middle and primary school students, emphasizing the importance of science education and engagement among the youth [3][9]. Group 1: Event Overview - The competition featured a theme of "Curiosity Ignites Dreams, Science Illuminates the Future" and was held in Ordos [3]. - Participants used various methods such as models, videos, and presentations to make scientific principles accessible and engaging [3][5]. Group 2: Participant Profiles - Contestants included experienced hosts, coding experts, and local ambassadors, highlighting diverse backgrounds and skills [5]. - Common motivations for participation included a desire to share scientific knowledge and inspire others [5][8]. Group 3: Educational Impact - The competition aimed to cultivate curiosity, imagination, and exploration among youth, contributing to the development of future scientists [8][9]. - The event is part of broader efforts by the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Department to enhance science education and promote scientific literacy among young people [9]. Group 4: Related Activities - An accompanying "Science Night" event focused on environmental education, featuring interactive experiences at the Ordos Wildlife Park [8]. - Activities included immersive learning experiences designed to spark curiosity and enjoyment in science [8]. Group 5: Institutional Support - The competition is organized by various governmental and educational bodies, reflecting a commitment to science popularization and knowledge exchange [9]. - Ongoing initiatives aim to strengthen the science education framework and encourage collaboration between schools, universities, and research institutions [9].

Core Viewpoint - The lawsuit filed by 16 states against the Trump administration aims to block significant cuts to federal funding for scientific research and related programs that promote diversity in STEM fields [1] Group 1: Lawsuit Details - The lawsuit was filed in Manhattan federal court on May 28, involving states such as New York, California, Illinois, and New Jersey [1] - The attorneys general of these states argue that the Trump administration lacks the authority to limit research funding and to cancel congressionally authorized diversity programs provided by the National Science Foundation [1]