转自：北京日报客户端 随着社交平台的崛起，有些不良思潮似乎找到了新的传播阵地。一段时间以来，历史虚无主义、极端女 权主义、泛娱乐主义等不良思潮借机粉墨登场，宣扬"1644史观""男性必须无条件付出""躺平即正义"等 话题，在网上持续引发争议。 社交平台作为人们可以自由进入的公共空间，承担一定的社会责任、恪守一定的行为边界乃是应有之 义。如果任由不良思潮蔓延扩散，不仅会破坏网络生态环境，还会扰乱人心、侵蚀社会信任基础，必须 引起高度警惕。 一 这些不良思潮通过稀释理论色彩、肢解其原本易于辨识的形态，不仅可以掩盖深层的政治或社会意图， 而且可以轻松"逃过"平台初步审核，渗透进资讯、社交、娱乐甚至学习场景，无孔不入。 在这过程中，有些平台非但没有筑起堤坝，反而有意无意地为这股精心伪装过的"浑水"开了闸门，成为 不良思潮的"放大器"。平台的热搜榜、推荐流、评论区仿佛一只"看不见的手"，时常默许甚至推动那些 能挑动情绪、制造争议的内容。于是，歪曲历史的"奇谈"可能比正史科普获得更高流量权重，炫富猎奇 的视频往往比踏实奋斗的故事传播更广。 今年以来，有些平台因破坏网络生态被约谈，也反映其正在为内容管理失序付出代价。它们有 ...

Core Viewpoint - In the age of AI, the ability to ask critical questions is essential for discerning valuable information and making informed decisions, as AI provides answers but does not inherently validate their accuracy or relevance [1][48]. Group 1: Information Absorption in the AI Era - Two thinking modes are identified: sponge-like thinking, which passively absorbs information, and gold-panning thinking, which actively questions and evaluates information [2][4]. - AI enhances the convenience of sponge-like thinking, but this convenience comes with risks, such as unreliable sources and hidden biases [3][4]. - Gold-panning thinkers can avoid being misled by AI and make better decisions by validating evidence and using logic [4]. Group 2: Dimensions of Critical Thinking - The first dimension is awareness, focusing on actively seeking out "gaps" in information and questioning its validity [6]. - The second dimension is attitude, which emphasizes humility and openness to different viewpoints to avoid cognitive biases [8]. - The third dimension is skill, which involves mastering questioning techniques to effectively analyze information [9][10]. Group 3: Key Questions for Critical Thinking - The first step is to clarify the topic and conclusion, ensuring that the analysis has a clear focus [11][13]. - The second step involves exploring the reasons behind conclusions to ensure they are supported by evidence [14][15]. - The third step is to identify ambiguous terms to avoid misunderstandings in discussions [16]. Group 4: Evaluating Assumptions and Evidence - It is crucial to uncover hidden assumptions that may underlie conclusions, as these can significantly impact their validity [18][19]. - Evaluating the credibility of evidence is essential, as not all data or expert opinions are equally reliable [20][21]. - Identifying alternative explanations helps avoid oversimplified conclusions and encourages a more nuanced understanding of issues [27]. Group 5: Recognizing Data Manipulation - Awareness of common data traps, such as percentage traps and average traps, is vital to avoid misinterpretation of statistics [30][31]. - Recognizing omitted information is important to ensure a comprehensive understanding of arguments [32]. - Avoiding binary thinking allows for a broader perspective on complex issues, recognizing that most problems exist in shades of gray [33]. Group 6: Practical Methods to Enhance Critical Thinking - Identifying common logical fallacies can help avoid pitfalls in reasoning [38]. - Being aware of confirmation bias encourages seeking out opposing viewpoints to achieve a balanced perspective [43]. - Distinguishing between facts and opinions is fundamental for effective analysis and debate [44][46].

Group 1 - The article discusses the concepts of "information cocoon," "filter bubble," and "echo chamber," suggesting that these terms oversimplify the complexities of individual existence in the digital space, reducing it to a binary of "closed" and "isolated" [1][2][6] - It introduces Peter Sloterdijk's "sphere three states," categorizing human coexistence into bubbles, spheres, and foam, highlighting the interwoven nature of these forms in modern society [2][4][5] - The article emphasizes that the digital community's nature is not merely a "closed cocoon" but rather a "foam aggregation," which reflects the dynamic and interconnected nature of individual bubbles [6][7] Group 2 - The concept of "algorithmic pampering space" is introduced, where algorithms create a comfortable information environment for users, but also entrap them within a data capitalism framework [8][9] - The mechanisms of filtering, bonding, and cycling are described as ways algorithms reinforce user preferences while isolating them from diverse viewpoints, leading to a "self-consuming cycle" within groups [11][13] - The article argues that the challenge is not just breaking free from information cocoons but addressing the deeper issue of cognitive rigidity, which is more difficult to overcome [14][16] Group 3 - The notion of "bubble community" is presented as a complex system of interconnected information bubbles, where isolation and connection coexist, and emphasizes the need for optimizing this structure [25][26] - It suggests that improving the bubble community requires algorithmic interventions, promoting the flow of heterogeneous information, and establishing a social contract among users, platforms, and governments [20][22][23] - The article concludes that the goal is not to dismantle these bubbles but to create valuable connections among them, transforming fragmented pieces into a cohesive digital ecosystem [27][29]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "bubble community" as a complex and dynamic structure in the digital age, emphasizing the coexistence of isolation and connection among individual information bubbles, challenging the traditional narrative of "information cocoons" [31][22]. Group 1: Conceptual Framework - The terms "information cocoon," "filter bubble," and "echo chamber" attempt to describe a shared experiential space, which can be categorized into three forms: bubbles, spheres, and foams, as proposed by philosopher Peter Sloterdijk [3][5]. - Bubbles represent the smallest unit of coexistence, symbolizing intimate relationships, while spheres denote larger, closed communities that provide safety from external threats [3][5][6]. - Foams consist of interconnected bubbles, representing an open yet fragile social structure, where individual bubbles maintain their independence while influencing one another [6][8]. Group 2: Algorithmic Influence - Algorithms create a "pampered space" for users by filtering out uncomfortable information and reinforcing cognitive biases, leading to a "cognitive immune space" [10][12]. - The filtering mechanism passively constructs boundaries, while the "adhesion mechanism" actively strengthens these boundaries through user interactions, such as likes and shares [11][12]. - This results in a parasitic structure where users become laborers in data capitalism, trading their data for a comfortable cognitive environment [12][13]. Group 3: Challenges of Digital Interaction - The article highlights the shift from emotional resonance to adversarial stimuli as the glue that binds groups together, leading to polarization and a lack of diverse viewpoints [13][15]. - Individual fluidity is constrained within algorithmic pampered spaces, where users appear to have freedom but are actually confined to predetermined cognitive frameworks [14][15]. - The self-consuming cycle of information within these bubbles leads to a gradual loss of vitality and diversity, as members become increasingly homogeneous in their views [15][16]. Group 4: Cognitive Navigation - The concept of "cognitive cocoon" is introduced, emphasizing that the real challenge lies in cognitive rigidity rather than mere information isolation [19][20]. - Individuals often reject opposing viewpoints due to confirmation bias and the fear of cognitive dissonance, reinforcing their existing beliefs [19][20]. - The article argues that breaking free from cognitive cocoons requires more than just exposure to diverse information; it necessitates a shift in mindset and the ability to engage with differing perspectives [16][19]. Group 5: Optimizing Bubble Communities - The article proposes three strategies for optimizing bubble communities: algorithmic intervention, sphere re-gasification, and social engineering [24][25][27]. - Algorithmic intervention involves injecting "heterogeneous bacteria" into recommendation systems to enhance cognitive diversity [24]. - Sphere re-gasification aims to make rigid boundaries more permeable, facilitating interaction between different bubbles [25]. - Social engineering emphasizes the need for a collective social contract among users, platforms, and governments to foster a healthier information ecosystem [27][28].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes that a shift in cognition is essential for adapting to changing times and overcoming midlife crises [4][7][51] Group 1: Changing Business Models - The rise of e-commerce and live streaming has transformed traditional retail strategies, making location and foot traffic less critical for success [8][12] - A case study of a women's clothing brand illustrates that the primary focus has shifted to online sales rather than physical store performance [10][11] - The founder of a major retail chain initially dismissed e-commerce, only to later realize its importance after being acquired by Alibaba [17][20] Group 2: Cognitive Flexibility - Sticking to outdated cognitive frameworks can lead to a decline in competitiveness, as seen in the example of a high-level executive who failed to adapt to a startup environment [24][26] - The article discusses the concept of "psychological set," where individuals become trapped in their past experiences and fail to recognize new trends [24] - The importance of maintaining a beginner's mindset is highlighted as a key to success for middle-aged individuals [39] Group 3: Adaptation to Change - The narrative includes a comparison of delivery workers' evolving strategies, showing that those who adapt their methods earn more than those who rely solely on hard work [30][34] - The article stresses that traditional skills may become obsolete due to technological advancements, as illustrated by the resistance of tea masters to automated processes [44][47] - The need for continuous learning and adaptation is underscored, with a call to embrace new ideas and discard rigid thinking [51][52]