本文来自微信公众号：新周刊 （ID：new-weekly），作者：陈倚，编辑：腾宇，题图来自：AI生成 保学校，还是保专业？ 每年的高考志愿填报季，这道经典选择题总会重回公众视野。今年天平似乎正悄然向一端倾斜，一些新的趋势尤其引人注目。 比如上海海关学院在多省分数线大幅提高：广东提前批部分专业录取线直逼中山大学核心专业，江苏物理类投档最低分达657分，该分数对应位次为2618 名，甚至超越了2024年上海交通大学医学部的录取位次。 与此同时，军警校、师范院校和优质职业院校的报考热度也在持续攀升。越来越多高分考生主动放弃顶尖大学，选择了专业优先。 这已不是个别现象。高校毕业生规模持续扩大，年轻人与其家庭在填报志愿时显得愈发审慎。名校光环正在褪色，专业的就业前景成为更重要的衡量标 准。选择毕业即有编制的公费师范、避开需要长期深造的基础学科转向技能型的工科，还有人早早规划好考编路径，核心思路是以稳定为先。 当名校文凭不再等同于好工作，当读研、读博这条路变得愈发拥挤，于是，选择的逻辑悄然改变。年轻人像是在不确定的浪潮中试图抓住一根浮木，希望 看到上岸的可能。 与其在名校光环下面对不确定的未来，年轻人更愿意选择一条性价 ...

Group 1 - The admission score for Shanghai Customs College surpassed that of Tsinghua University, with a score of 638 for history students compared to Tsinghua's 637 [2] - The trend of students prioritizing job security over prestigious university names is evident, as many are opting for vocational schools and specialized programs that guarantee employment [7][30] - The emergence of unique programs, such as the "dog training major" and the sword-making program at Longquan Qingshui Sword Technician College, highlights a shift towards practical skills and high employment rates [5][6] Group 2 - Fuyou University, established by a glass manufacturing company, attracted high-scoring students with its promise of low tuition and a favorable student-to-teacher ratio of 6:1, ensuring personalized attention [12][13] - Concerns about Fuyou University stem from its status as a private institution and its first-year enrollment challenges, with only 50 out of a planned 100 students admitted [14] - The university's commitment to a seamless educational path from undergraduate to doctoral degrees, although currently lacking the necessary accreditation for master's and doctoral programs, raises questions about future job prospects for graduates [25][23] Group 3 - The Customs Management program at Shanghai Customs College is designed for students aiming for civil service positions, with favorable admission ratios for related exams [34][39] - The program's curriculum is tailored to prepare students for civil service exams, with a high likelihood of success due to limited competition [36][38] - The college's strict management style, likened to military discipline, is a significant aspect of student life, impacting their university experience [45][51] Group 4 - The rising popularity of niche programs like wine engineering reflects a growing interest in specialized fields, despite the competitive nature of the job market requiring advanced degrees for better positions [54][56] - Graduates in the wine industry face challenges in securing desirable roles, often starting from entry-level positions regardless of their educational background [62][66] - The disconnect between academic training and job requirements is a common theme across various fields, leading to a sense of uncertainty among graduates [69]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report indicates a significant increase in engagement and interest in college entrance examination topics on Kuaishou, with over 6.03 million videos published and 1.38 billion interactions related to "Gaokao" [1] - The report highlights a 42.3% increase in the view count of videos related to "volunteer filling" compared to the previous year, reaching 7.35 billion views, with 4.376 million searches for related keywords [1] - The most popular universities among students are National University of Defense Technology, Tsinghua University, and Zhejiang University, reflecting a trend towards engineering and hard science majors [1] Group 2 - Kuaishou conducted a "Hundred Cities Volunteer Reporting" campaign from June 15 to July 15, hosting 8,942 public volunteer filling live streams and 18 offline seminars in 10 provinces [2] - During the 2025 college entrance examination volunteer filling period, Kuaishou held 16 charity live streams by Zhang Xuefeng, accumulating a total viewership of 680 million [2]

Group 1 - The core trend in the 2025 college entrance examination in Shandong shows a decline in the popularity of clinical medicine and a rise in interest in artificial intelligence and related interdisciplinary fields [2][3] - The admission ranks for clinical medicine programs at 37 universities in Shandong have generally decreased compared to 2024, with notable drops at prestigious institutions such as Tsinghua University and Peking University [3][4] - Despite the decline in clinical medicine, it remains a significant option for high-scoring students, with some programs still attracting high admission ranks [4] Group 2 - Students are increasingly prioritizing "certainty" in their major choices, leading to a preference for programs like public-funded and "cultural relics comprehensive talent" courses [5][6] - The introduction of the "cultural relics comprehensive talent" program in Shandong aims to strengthen the local workforce in cultural heritage protection, with graduates required to work in designated positions for at least five years [7] - The admission scores for public-funded teacher training programs have reached new highs, indicating a shift in student preferences towards stable career paths [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The increasing integration of AI in the college entrance examination (Gaokao) application process is transforming how students and parents approach this critical decision, with various AI tools providing personalized guidance and support [2][3][4]. Group 1: AI Tools and Services - Numerous mobile applications related to Gaokao have emerged, with significant players like QQ Browser, Baidu, and Alibaba's Quark launching AI-driven services to assist students in filling out their college applications [2][3]. - Quark's AI Gaokao model offers tailored suggestions based on students' scores, interests, and career aspirations, helping them navigate the complexities of college selection [2][3]. - The Quark platform has served over 160 million users, with more than 50% of them coming from third-tier cities and below, highlighting the demand for accessible guidance in less developed areas [3][4]. Group 2: Data and Technology - Quark's Gaokao model is built on a comprehensive and real-time updated knowledge base that includes data from over 2,900 universities and nearly 1,600 undergraduate programs, ensuring the reliability of its recommendations [4][5]. - The model utilizes advanced data extraction and verification techniques, such as Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and multi-source data comparison, to maintain the accuracy and authority of its information [4][5]. Group 3: Challenges and Considerations - Despite the proliferation of AI tools, there are concerns regarding the accuracy and timeliness of the data used, with some users reporting discrepancies in AI-generated recommendations [6][7]. - Experts emphasize that while AI can provide valuable insights, it cannot fully replace the personal judgment and emotional considerations that students must make when choosing their fields of study and institutions [7].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the increasing popularity of military and police academies among students due to rising admission scores and job security concerns amid a challenging employment landscape [1][2][3][26]. - The admission scores for military and police academies have significantly increased, with the highest score reaching 671 points for the National University of Defense Technology, closely approaching the scores of top universities like Tsinghua and Peking University [1][16][24]. - The employment situation for graduates is becoming increasingly dire, with 12.22 million graduates entering the job market this year, leading students to prioritize stable job opportunities [4][28]. Group 2 - Data shows that the offer acquisition rate for recent graduates is lower for bachelor's and master's degree holders compared to those with associate degrees, prompting students to consider "iron rice bowl" jobs in military and police sectors [5][28]. - The National University of Defense Technology and various police academies have reported high admission rates and full enrollment, indicating strong demand for these programs [8][9][10][29]. - The employment rate for graduates from police academies is notably high, with some institutions reporting a graduation employment rate of 99.44% for police-related majors, significantly higher than the average for other fields [29][30]. Group 3 - The trend of students choosing military and police academies reflects a shift in priorities towards job stability and security, as evidenced by the increasing scores and enrollment in these institutions [26][27]. - Other institutions, such as Shanghai Customs College and Beijing Electronic Technology College, are also gaining popularity due to their high employment rates and perceived job security, further diversifying the landscape of higher education choices [31][37]. - The articles emphasize that the focus on stable employment is reshaping the decision-making process for students when filling out college applications, with many opting for programs that promise better job prospects [28][39].

Group 1 - The second round of regular admissions for ordinary categories in Shandong Province will take place from July 24 to July 26, allowing students to fill in their choices based on their exam scores [4][11] - After the first round of admissions, the remaining plans will be published on the official website, enabling students who were not admitted to select suitable undergraduate or vocational options [4][5] - The second round of admissions will follow a parallel choice model, allowing students to fill in up to 96 choices, including vocational programs and special plans for medical students [4][8] Group 2 - A series of 24 vocational college recruitment consultation meetings will be held across 16 cities in Shandong Province from July 19 to July 22, featuring over 300 universities providing guidance to students [5][11] - The "3+2" integrated training program for vocational colleges has expanded to include 70 pilot institutions and 336 professional points, with an increased enrollment scale compared to the previous year [8][9] - Public-funded medical students in vocational colleges will continue to be recruited, addressing the shortage of grassroots medical personnel in the province [9][10]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the complexities and challenges faced by students in filling out college entrance examination (Gaokao) applications, highlighting the evolution of the application process and the emergence of a paid consultation market due to educational anxiety [6][40]. Group 1: Evolution of Application Process - The number of application choices has significantly increased over the years, with the introduction of various application models such as "post-exam estimated score" and "parallel application" systems [10][20]. - The "parallel application" model allows students to apply to multiple universities and programs, increasing the number of possible combinations to unprecedented levels, such as 270 combinations in Sichuan and 112 in Liaoning [22]. - The shift from limited choices in the past (3-5 options) to the current system reflects a broader trend in higher education reform aimed at reducing the "high score, low admission" phenomenon [9][19]. Group 2: Challenges in Application - A significant number of students report feelings of confusion and lack of direction when filling out applications, with over half indicating issues like "lack of career planning" and "unclear self-awareness" [33]. - The complexity of policies and the overwhelming amount of information contribute to decision paralysis, with students often feeling lost in the application process [34]. - The primary pain points identified include the difficulty in choosing a major and the overwhelming amount of information available, leading to a state of "double blindness" regarding personal interests and external job market demands [34][35]. Group 3: Market for Paid Consultation - The market for paid application consultation has grown significantly, expanding sevenfold from 1.3 million yuan in 2016 to an expected 9.5 million yuan by 2026 [38]. - The rise of this market is driven by educational anxiety, with many families seeking to improve their information integration efficiency despite the high costs associated with these services [38]. - The proliferation of consultation firms, many of which are newly established, has led to concerns about market regulation and the potential for misinformation [38]. Group 4: Student Preferences and Trends - Students prioritize the social recognition of schools over geographical location or specific majors, with over 40% considering school reputation as a critical factor in their application decisions [43]. - The focus on personal interests and employment prospects is evident in major selection, with students increasingly aware of the competitive job market [47]. - Despite the ongoing changes in higher education, popular majors remain relatively stable, with engineering and computer science consistently ranking at the top [53][54]. Group 5: Changes in Higher Education Landscape - The number of canceled university programs has increased significantly, with 1,670 programs canceled in 2023, reflecting a dynamic adjustment to align with societal needs and student employment expectations [51]. - The trend of program cancellations raises concerns among students about the stability and future of their chosen fields of study [51]. - The popularity of certain universities is shifting, with eastern universities gaining attention while some western institutions are losing their appeal [58].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the complexities and challenges faced by students in filling out college entrance examination (Gaokao) applications, highlighting the increasing number of choices and the associated anxiety that comes with it [1][2][3]. Historical Context - The Gaokao system has evolved significantly since its establishment in 1952, with various changes in the application process over the decades [4][5]. - Initially, students filled out their applications before taking the exam, relying on estimated scores, which often led to mismatches between scores and admissions [4]. - The introduction of post-exam application filling aimed to alleviate some of the pressure but did not completely resolve issues like "high scores but low admissions" [5][6]. Current Application Process - The current system includes "parallel application" methods, allowing students to apply to multiple institutions simultaneously, which reduces the risk of being denied admission despite high scores [10][11]. - The number of application choices has increased dramatically, with some provinces allowing up to 112 choices compared to only 36 in the past [14][11]. Information Gathering and Decision-Making - Students often prioritize understanding their own ranking and the admission rules over detailed knowledge of specific institutions [17][20]. - A significant portion of students report feeling confused and lacking career planning, which contributes to their anxiety during the application process [22][24]. Market for Application Services - The market for paid application services has grown significantly, expanding from 130 million yuan in 2016 to an estimated 950 million yuan by 2026 [27]. - The proliferation of companies in this space, many of which are newly established, has led to concerns about misinformation and market saturation [27]. Trends in University and Major Selection - Students increasingly value the social recognition of universities over geographical location or specific majors, with a focus on comprehensive rankings and professional strength [30][31]. - The job market's demands are influencing students' choices, with a notable preference for majors in engineering and technology fields, while traditional liberal arts majors are declining in popularity [39][40]. Changes in University Programs - There has been a significant increase in the number of programs being discontinued, with 1,670 programs cut in 2023 alone, reflecting the need for universities to adapt to changing job market demands [36][37]. - Despite the changes, popular majors like computer science remain consistently in demand, indicating a stable interest in certain fields [38][39]. Conclusion - The article emphasizes the ongoing challenges and evolving landscape of college admissions in China, highlighting the importance of informed decision-making and the impact of external factors on students' choices [46][47].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the overwhelming pressure faced by a high school graduate in choosing a college major, highlighting the conflict between external expectations and personal interests [5][9]. Group 1: External Influences - The student experiences a barrage of opinions from parents, relatives, and a hired counselor, leading to confusion and anxiety about the decision-making process [1][5]. - Parents emphasize the importance of choosing a major based on job market trends and stability, while relatives suggest traditional and popular fields [2][3]. Group 2: Internal Conflict - The student struggles with identifying personal interests and fears making a choice that may lead to dissatisfaction in the future [4][6]. - There is a realization that past decisions were often made to meet others' expectations rather than personal desires, leading to a sense of lost identity [4][9]. Group 3: Decision-Making Strategies - The article suggests exercises to help the student reconnect with their true interests by reflecting on past enjoyable activities and potential career paths without external pressures [5][6]. - It emphasizes the importance of viewing career choices as flexible, allowing for exploration and adjustment rather than a one-time decision [8][9]. Group 4: Communication and Responsibility - The article encourages open communication with parents about the pressure felt from their expectations and the need for personal agency in decision-making [9]. - It highlights the significance of taking responsibility for one's choices, suggesting that true growth comes from navigating discomfort and asserting one's own path [9].