以下文章来源于惊蛰研究所 ，作者惊蛰研究所科技组 惊蛰研究所 . 探索发现新经济。 本文作者：娅沁，题图来源：AI生成 ChatGPT，特别是DeepSeek国产AI大模型的问世后，"哪些工作会被AI取代"持续刺痛和冲击着打工 人。而在这场AI革命重塑就业市场的同时，高等教育领域也正在经历一场专业变革—— 人工智能、 大数据等新兴专业成为增设热门，部分传统专业陆续在高校消失。 今年4月，教育部发布的《2024年度普通高等学校本科专业备案和审批结果》显示，全国高校共撤销 专业点1428个，停招专业2220个，调整规模远超新增专业数量。 这样的变化不仅关乎千万高考考生 的专业选择，也直接影响着在校大学生的职业规划。 而在这样的变革之下，有几个问题值得深入思考：推动这场专业调整的深层因素是什么？被撤销的专 业是否意味着相关领域人才需求的消失？还是说，这仅仅是人才培养模式的一次转型升级？ 淘汰的专业和尴尬的在校生 高绩数据发布的《中国高校本科专业新增与撤销分析报告》显示，2024年度撤销的学科门类中，工 学占比32.84%，管理学占比18.73%，理学、艺术学、文学分别占比13.99%、12.67和9.26%。 *《 ...

Group 1 - The core focus is on enhancing employment opportunities for college graduates, particularly during the critical period before graduation, with various universities implementing strategies to support high-quality employment [1] - Beijing University is actively promoting a "Red-Green-Blue" employment strategy to guide graduates towards grassroots, national defense, and international organizations, aligning with national strategic needs [3] - Yanshan University has organized multiple specialized job fairs, attracting numerous companies and providing thousands of job opportunities, with a high job match rate [10][6] Group 2 - Tsinghua University emphasizes collaboration with enterprises to create a platform for talent development, achieving an employment rate of over 80% for graduates in key positions [5] - Chongqing Vocational College of Telecommunications has successfully placed all graduates from its newly established fire protection technology program, showcasing effective employment service practices [12][13] - The college has implemented tailored employment guidance and skills training, significantly enhancing students' competitiveness in the job market [16][19]

Core Points - The U.S. News World University Rankings for 2025-2026 includes 2,250 universities from 104 countries, with China (including Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan) leading the rankings, followed by the United States, Japan, India, and the United Kingdom [1][2] - A total of 397 universities from mainland China are listed, with 11 making it into the top 100, indicating a significant improvement in academic quality and global standing of Chinese universities [2][18] Ranking Overview - Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Stanford University occupy the top three positions globally, with seven U.S. universities in the top ten [2][6] - The top five universities also include the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge from the UK, showcasing the continued leadership of U.S. and UK higher education [2][6] Chinese Universities Performance - Tsinghua University ranks 11th globally, while Peking University, Zhejiang University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University are positioned at 25th, 45th, and 46th respectively [2][18] - Other notable Chinese universities in the top 100 include the University of Science and Technology of China (54th), Fudan University (70th), and Sun Yat-sen University (85th) [2][18] Ranking Methodology - The ranking methodology employs 13 indicators with specific weightings, including global research reputation (12.5%), regional research reputation (12.5%), publications (10%), and normalized citation impact (10%) [3][4] - The methodology reflects a comprehensive assessment of academic performance and research output [3][4] Summary of Rankings - The rankings highlight the increasing number of Chinese universities in the global academic landscape, with a notable rise in their representation and performance compared to previous years [2][18] - The data indicates a growing emphasis on academic quality and international collaboration among Chinese institutions [2][18]

Core Viewpoint - Wuhan University has announced two procurement intentions for laboratory instruments and equipment, with a total budget of 199 million yuan, scheduled for procurement in May to June 2025 [1][2]. Group 1: Procurement Details - The procurement includes various advanced instruments such as vacuum interconnect atomic etching product detection instruments, vacuum interconnect photoresist fluorescence detection instruments, and multi-functional X-ray testing devices [2][4]. - The total number of procurement items is 39 sets, focusing on enhancing semiconductor manufacturing and testing capabilities [5]. Group 2: Specific Equipment and Functions - The first procurement item is a domestic autonomous vacuum interconnect semiconductor material growth and testing platform, aimed at optimizing and upgrading research hardware facilities to improve equipment utilization efficiency [4][5]. - The second procurement item is a high-performance computing GPU cluster, designed to provide computational support for scientific and artificial intelligence calculations, with a focus on flexible scheduling of computing power [5].

Group 1 - Zhejiang University announced an expansion of its undergraduate enrollment for 2025, particularly in the artificial intelligence field, and introduced a series of innovative talent training programs [1] - Several prestigious universities in China, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, and China Agricultural University, have also announced plans to increase their undergraduate enrollment, with a total increase of approximately 20,000 students aimed for this year [1][2] - The expansion of quality undergraduate education is emphasized in the "Education Strong Country Construction Plan Outline (2024-2035)" and the government work report, indicating a strategic push towards enhancing higher education quality [1][2] Group 2 - The focus of the enrollment expansion is on cultivating interdisciplinary talents in high-demand fields such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, biomedicine, healthcare, and renewable energy [2] - Tsinghua University is establishing a new general education college aimed at nurturing talents with AI thinking and interdisciplinary knowledge, while Renmin University is focusing on AI and smart governance in its enrollment plans [2] - Other universities, such as China Agricultural University and University of Electronic Science and Technology, are aligning their expansion with national strategic needs, particularly in areas like food security and electronic information technology [2] Group 3 - Basic disciplines and interdisciplinary studies are also receiving attention, with universities like Sichuan University and Hunan University increasing enrollment in these areas [3] - Many institutions are introducing integrated master's and bachelor's programs and dual degree options to foster innovative and interdisciplinary talents [3]

政策明确，定向西藏就业计划纳入普通本科批招生，实行平行志愿投档，按照教育部有关政策规 定，录取分数线不得低于我省普通本科批有关高校提档分数线以下40分。报考定向西藏就业计划的考生 应同时具备以下条件：符合我省2025年普通高校招生报名条件，并参加我省2025年普通高校招生统一考 试；须为我省非西藏自治区户籍的应届高中毕业生。报考定向西藏就业计划的考生被录取后，师范类专 业考生须与西藏自治区教育厅及招生高校签订定向就业协议；其他专业考生须与西藏自治区人力资源和 社会保障厅及招生高校签订定向就业协议。录取考生毕业后，须按照签订的定向就业协议到西藏自治区 县以下基层单位工作，服务期限不少于5年。其中，所学专业及教师资格符合高中阶段任教条件的师范 类考生，毕业后可安排至西藏自治区高中阶段学校任教。 根据安排，拟报考定向西藏就业计划的考生，须自行打印河南省2025年普通高校招生定向西藏就业 计划报考申请书，经本人签字确认以及家长或监护人签署意见后，于6月29日12时前携带本人有效身份 证、准考证、户口簿、报考申请书等证件材料，提交至报名所在地县（市）区招生考试机构，进行资格 审核。对通过提供虚假个人信息材料等手段获得报 ...

Core Points - Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) is establishing a new elite program called "尖班" (Top Class) aimed at nurturing innovative talents with the involvement of academicians as mentors [1][4] - The program allows students to enter based on their college entrance examination scores, expanding access beyond the previous "dual selection" method [2] - HIT has introduced a new "Autonomous Intelligent Systems Academician Class," focusing on cutting-edge research in artificial intelligence and related fields [4] Group 1 - The "尖班" program is designed to cultivate top innovative talents and is supported by a team of over ten academicians, including the university president [1] - The curriculum breaks traditional structures, emphasizing a talent cultivation system that integrates mathematical and physical foundations with interdisciplinary approaches [1] - Students in the program can choose their academic paths from undergraduate to doctoral levels, promoting personalized development [2] Group 2 - HIT encourages undergraduate students to engage in research related to their doctoral theses, allowing them to complete their undergraduate projects early and join academic teams [2] - The "哈工大—港大优学班" (HIT-HKU Elite Class) is also being launched, enabling students to complete their undergraduate studies in three years and pursue advanced degrees at the University of Hong Kong [4] - Over the past five years, HIT graduates have shown a high employment rate in key sectors, with nearly 40% securing jobs in central enterprises and Fortune 500 companies [4]

Group 1 - Nanjing University aims to provide the best undergraduate education in China, launching initiatives to cultivate top innovative talents [1] - The university has established a new Robotics and Automation College at its Suzhou campus, introducing a major in Automation (Robotics Direction) focused on smart manufacturing and robotics technology [1] - The "Zhicheng Class" is introduced to strengthen practical training and industry-education integration, featuring a talent cultivation system driven by industry needs and deep involvement from central enterprises [1] Group 2 - In 2025, Nanjing University will add "Intelligent Science" and "Electronic Science" directions to its Mathematics and Physics programs, respectively [2] - The Kuang Yaming College will continue to reform its outstanding talent cultivation model, allowing students to freely choose their academic paths and mentors, with over 80% of graduates pursuing further studies at prestigious institutions [2] - New dual-degree programs in Software Engineering combined with Business Management and Economics will be introduced to foster interdisciplinary talents [3] Group 3 - The university will continue to offer various dual-degree programs, including Computer Finance, German Law, Intelligent System Integration, and Big Data Communication, to provide students with ample choices and development opportunities [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is expanding its undergraduate enrollment in 2025, focusing on fundamental disciplines, new engineering, and new medical fields that are urgently needed by the country [1] - USTC is implementing the "Science and Education Integration 3.0" program, aiming to cultivate internationally renowned scientists and top innovative talents with innovative spirit and practical abilities [1][2] - The university has established a unique talent cultivation path through various stages of "Science and Education Integration," collaborating with the Chinese Academy of Sciences [1] Group 2 - USTC plans to build a world-class mentor team and a high-quality curriculum system, creating a systematic training model from undergraduate to doctoral levels [2] - In 2025, USTC will separately recruit students for the Quantum Information Science major, leveraging national research platforms to enhance talent training in this field [2][4] - The university will optimize and expand its enrollment in intelligent technology-related undergraduate programs, establishing a training system that meets societal needs and national demands for innovative talents [4]

Core Insights - The event "Enjoy Horticulture" organized by Northwest A&F University celebrates the achievements of graduating students in horticulture, showcasing various research成果 in fruits like watermelon, cherry, and tomato [1][2] - The event aims to instill a sense of responsibility and mission among students regarding agricultural modernization and rural revitalization [2] Group 1: Event Overview - The "Enjoy Horticulture" event is a unique farewell activity for the 2025 graduating class, featuring a variety of fruits and research成果 [1] - Students actively participated in educational activities, including quizzes and games related to horticultural research, fostering a sense of community and nostalgia [1] Group 2: Institutional Support - The university's leadership emphasizes the importance of understanding the challenges behind scientific research and encourages students to embody the spirit of innovation and perseverance [2] - The event has been held for ten years, symbolizing the university's ongoing commitment to its students and their development in the field of horticulture [2] Group 3: Student Reflections - Graduating students express their gratitude and connection to their agricultural studies, viewing the event as a reminder of their mission and passion for agriculture [3]