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从烟草到含糖饮料,健康税的下一城?
Di Yi Cai Jing· 2025-10-10 09:53
世界卫生组织(WHO,下称"世卫")近期发起一项新倡议,敦促各国通过征收健康税,到2035年将烟 草、酒精和含糖饮料的实际价格提高至少50%,此举旨在遏制慢性病并创造重要的公共收入。世卫认 为,这项"3by35"倡议(到2035年落实3项健康税)推出之际,全球各国正面临非传染性疾病增加、发展 援助缩减和公共债务攀升带来的巨大压力。 健康税(Health tax)是指对人群健康有负面影响的产品所征收的税。在前述世卫提出的三项健康税中,中 国已开征两项,即对烟草制品、电子烟和酒精征税。但实施近30年后,业界普遍认为,健康税在改变我 国国民消费行为和提升人群健康方面都尚未起到明显作用。 近日举行的第十三届北京洪堡论坛健康财政政策分论坛期间,多名与会国内外学者、政府官员认为,当 下正值中国新一轮财税体制改革的酝酿期。在消费税改革中,烟草和酒类消费税的税率仍需提升,且需 根据人群收入水平的提高不断进行调整,以保持政策对消费行为影响的有效性。与此同时,建议增加烟 酒制品消费税中的"从量税"比重,并适时考虑将含糖饮料纳入消费税税目中。 烟酒产品消费税仍有提升空间 "目前,全球中等收入国家的平均烟草价格为6.09国际元(国际 ...
钱越来越难赚?那到底都进了谁的口袋?曹德旺一语道破真相
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-21 16:21
Group 1: Economic Sentiment - A significant 76.3% of respondents in a survey believe that "making money is becoming increasingly difficult," which is an increase of 8.7 percentage points compared to the same period in 2024 [1] - The growth rate of residents' income has noticeably slowed, with the per capita disposable income in Q1 2025 being 11,782 yuan, reflecting a real growth of only 3.2% after adjusting for price factors [3] - The Gini coefficient stands at 0.468, indicating a substantial disparity in wealth distribution, with lower-income individuals experiencing slow or even declining income growth [3] Group 2: Financial Industry - The financial sector is currently the most profitable, with the six major state-owned banks reporting a combined net profit of 682.524 billion yuan in the first half of 2025, averaging about 3.77 billion yuan per day [5] - The securities industry achieved a total operating revenue of approximately 251.9 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year growth of 31%, and a net profit of 104 billion yuan, up 65% [5] - The insurance industry reported premium income of 3.74 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 5.3% [5] Group 3: Monopoly Industries - Monopoly industries such as oil, telecommunications, tobacco, and electricity have fewer competitors, making it easier for these companies to generate profits [6] - The three major oil companies in China—PetroChina, Sinopec, and CNOOC—collectively achieved a net profit of 175.009 billion yuan in the first half of 2025 [8] - The domestic tobacco industry reported a total tax and profit amount of approximately 624.24 billion yuan, showing a year-on-year growth of about 7.58% [8] Group 4: Real Estate Industry - Despite a decline in both sales volume and area in the real estate sector during the first half of 2025, it remains a primary avenue for wealth accumulation [10] - Homebuyers often exhaust their savings and incur bank loans to purchase properties, leading to significant capital inflow into real estate companies [10] - The real estate sector has historically produced some of the wealthiest individuals in China, indicating its role in wealth concentration [10] Group 5: Wealth Distribution Insights - The primary sectors where wealth is flowing include the financial industry, monopoly industries, and real estate, as highlighted by entrepreneur Cao Dewang [12] - These sectors benefit from either monopolistic conditions or supportive government policies that stimulate market activity, contributing to the perception that earning money is increasingly challenging for the average resident [12]
新华财经晚报:我国政府负债率处于合理区间 风险安全可控
Xin Hua Cai Jing· 2025-09-12 11:50
Group 1 - The State Council issued the revised "Three North" project overall plan, which aims to guide regions in promoting high-quality development through three major battles from 2021 to 2030 and further phases until 2050 [1] - The People's Bank of China reported that the average interest rate for new corporate loans in August was approximately 3.1%, a decrease from the previous month and down about 40 basis points year-on-year, indicating a historical low [1] - The total government debt in China is projected to reach 92.6 trillion yuan by the end of 2024, with a government debt ratio of 68.7%, which is considered reasonable and manageable [2] Group 2 - The People's Bank of China reported that the broad money supply (M2) reached 331.98 trillion yuan at the end of August, growing by 8.8% year-on-year, while the narrow money supply (M1) was 111.23 trillion yuan, up 6% [2] - The total social financing scale in China reached 433.66 trillion yuan by the end of August, with a year-on-year growth of 8.8% [2] - The China Securities Regulatory Commission revised the classification supervision regulations for futures companies to enhance compliance and risk management [3] Group 3 - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued guidelines for the construction of electricity spot markets, supporting the integration of renewable energy into the market [4] - The State Tobacco Monopoly Administration established management measures for the domestic duty-free tobacco market, requiring compliance with legal pricing regulations [5] - The International Monetary Fund warned Romania about the sustainability of its fiscal policy, predicting public debt could approach 70% of GDP by 2030 without further fiscal measures [7]
为终结烟草流行贡献中国力量(大健康观察)
Core Viewpoint - The global smoking rate has significantly decreased from 22.3% to 16.4% between 2007 and 2023, marking a 26% relative decline, yet over 7 million people still die annually from tobacco-related diseases [3][4]. Group 1: Global Tobacco Control Progress - The World Health Organization's MPOWER measures have seen substantial adoption, with the number of countries implementing at least one measure increasing from 44 in 2008 to 155 in 2024, covering over 6.1 billion people [3]. - Graphic health warnings on cigarette packaging have made notable progress, with 56% of countries implementing such warnings by 2024, covering approximately 5 billion people, or 62% of the global population [4]. - The report emphasizes the need to expand graphic warnings to all tobacco products and to enforce plain packaging regulations to combat misleading marketing [4]. Group 2: Challenges in Tobacco Control - The emergence of electronic cigarettes and innovative marketing strategies by the tobacco industry pose new challenges for tobacco control efforts [5][6]. - In 2023, tobacco use resulted in approximately 7.36 million deaths globally, with a significant portion occurring in low- and middle-income countries [5]. - Over 30 million adolescents aged 13-15 are reported to be using tobacco products, with around 12 million using e-cigarettes in countries where surveys were conducted [5]. Group 3: China's Tobacco Control Efforts - China's smoking rate has decreased to 23.2% in 2024, down 0.9 percentage points from 2022, reflecting steady progress in tobacco control [7]. - The implementation of smoke-free regulations in 254 cities has protected 229 million people from secondhand smoke, with the exposure rate dropping from 76.3% in 2015 to 46.5% in 2024 [7][8]. - Public support for smoke-free policies has reached a historical high, with over 90% of the population favoring legislation to ban smoking in indoor public spaces [8]. Group 4: Economic Impact of Tobacco Use - Tobacco-related diseases impose a significant economic burden, with costs reaching 15.2 trillion yuan in 2018, surpassing the 1.16 trillion yuan in tobacco tax revenue [9]. - Enhancing tobacco tax rates and protecting the public from secondhand smoke could significantly advance global tobacco control efforts [9]. Group 5: Youth Engagement in Tobacco Control - Youth are increasingly recognized as vital agents of change in tobacco control, with innovative initiatives being implemented in schools to raise awareness about tobacco hazards [10][12]. - Creative approaches such as debates, theme speeches, and social media campaigns are effectively promoting smoke-free culture among young people [12].
非洲股市收盘播报|南非股指收跌超1.6%,沙特袭击伊朗之际,金银矿业股收涨
news flash· 2025-06-13 16:40
Core Points - The South African FTSE/JSE Africa Leading 40 Index fell by 1.64% on June 13, closing at 87,865.89 points, moving away from the historical high of 89,326.22 points reached on June 12 [1] - The index is approaching the closing level of 87,181.74 points recorded on June 3, with a weekly decline of 0.84% [1] Company Performance - Valterra Platinum (VAL.SJ) led the decline with a drop of 5.86% [1] - Woolworths Holdings (WHL) decreased by 5.51% [1] - BHP Group (BVT) fell by 4.61% [1] - Impala Platinum Holdings (IMP) declined by 4.51% [1] Gainers - Among the seven stocks that gained, Glencore (GLN) increased by 0.52% [1] - Gold Fields (GFI) rose by 1.29% [1] - Harmony Gold (HAR) saw an increase of 1.86% [1] - British American Tobacco (BTI) gained 2.12% [1] - AngloGold Ashanti (ANG) increased by 4.3% [1] - Sasol (SOL) experienced the highest gain, rising by 10.89% [1]
被制裁最久的国度等待国际游客,古巴准备好了吗?
Hu Xiu· 2025-05-26 13:56
Group 1 - Cuba's tourism industry is crucial for economic development, with the government viewing it as a driving force for other sectors [92][96] - In 2019, Cuba received approximately 4.3 million tourists, generating over $3 billion in foreign exchange income [90] - The number of registered small and medium-sized enterprises (Mipymes) in Cuba has increased significantly, from 4.1% of national retail sales in 2022 to 25% in 2023 [55][56] Group 2 - The Cuban government has implemented a visa exemption policy for Chinese citizens, leading to a 48.6% increase in Chinese tourist arrivals in 2024 [91] - The tourism sector is expected to boost related industries such as dining, transportation, and cultural performances, while also promoting urban renovation and infrastructure improvements [92][93] - The Seagull Tourism Group, a major state-owned enterprise in Cuba, encompasses various services including hotel operations and travel agency services [97] Group 3 - Cuba's economy has been significantly impacted by U.S. sanctions, which have hindered its development and led to a reliance on a rationing system for basic goods [40][86] - The Cuban government has been working on restoring its national power system and investing in solar energy, with a goal of reaching a total capacity of 1,115 megawatts by the end of the year [95] - The tourism industry is still recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic, with visitor numbers not yet reaching pre-pandemic levels [96]
武汉黄陂:积极作为 推动财务工作高质量发展
Core Viewpoint - The recent financial meeting emphasizes the importance of enhancing financial management and supervision within the tobacco industry, focusing on systematic improvements, budget control, and digital empowerment to support high-quality development [1][2]. Group 1: Financial Management Enhancements - The meeting highlighted the need to strengthen and unify financial regulations, ensuring a robust system for financial accounting and management [1]. - There is a focus on improving the existing financial system to enhance its relevance, effectiveness, and operability, thereby preventing management loopholes and reinforcing internal control systems [1]. Group 2: Budget Control and Cost Efficiency - The strategy includes implementing comprehensive budgeting as a means to control costs and improve efficiency, aligning with the new development requirements [2]. - Emphasis is placed on monitoring expense execution to prevent misallocation and ensure that cost-saving potentials are fully explored [2]. Group 3: Digital Empowerment and Data Sharing - The initiative aims to integrate financial and operational data, enhancing collaboration across departments and improving data governance [2]. - There is a commitment to leveraging big data in financial sharing to boost automation and intelligence within financial processes [2].