昨天（9日）18时42分，经过8个多小时的出舱活动，神舟二十一号乘组航天员张陆、武飞、张洪章密切协同，在空间站机械臂和地面科研人员的配合支持 下，顺利完成了神舟二十号飞船返回舱舷窗巡检拍照、空间站空间碎片防护装置安装、温控适配器多层罩更换等任务。神舟二十一号航天员乘组首次出舱任 务圆满完成。 中国航天科技集团 郑昊：航天员出舱，带着高清相机进行拍照，由地面人员进行状态确认。确认第一就是我们从舱外面看舷窗玻璃有没有更进一步的异常 现象，第二是对玻璃周围的舱体进行确认，为后面神舟二十号飞船的进一步决策做一些技术上的支持。 郑昊介绍，此次出舱活动面临一个独特的技术难点：这是空间站首次在停靠了两艘载人飞船的构型下进行出舱。新的布局对机械臂的路径规划、运动安全性 都提出了更高要求。 0:00 任务团队通过数字空间站技术对出舱全过程进行了仿真推演，确保了任务安全可靠。此次出舱获取的数据，将为神舟二十号飞船后续无人返回任务以及空间 站长期在轨安全运营提供重要支撑。 据介绍，此次出舱活动的首要任务是由航天员对神舟二十号飞船的舷窗及周边舱体进行近距离检查。由于此前神舟二十号飞船在轨运行时曾疑似遭受空间碎 片撞击，舷窗出现裂纹， ...

12月9日，经过约8小时的出舱活动，神舟二十一号乘组航天员圆满完成第一次出舱活动，顺利完成了神 舟二十号飞船返回舱舷窗巡检拍照、空间站空间碎片防护装置安装等任务。 0:00 第二是对舷窗玻璃周围的舱体进行确认，因为在返回过程中，返回舱的舱体状态是非常重要的，它的状 态正常与否决定了是否能够安全返回。最近这段时间，地面的团队和航天员一直是通过遥测来进行神舟 二十号飞船状态确认。目前从遥测参数看飞船状态是正常的，但是在遥测参数之外的物理状态就只能由 航天员从舱外来进一步确认，这样也是为后面神舟二十号飞船的进一步决策，做一些技术上的支持。虽 然不满足载人返回的条件，但是它的无人返回肯定要执行，所以要带一些东西回来，至于带什么东西就 要看最后的规划。 第二项内容就是天和核心舱的防护装置安装，之前几次出舱也都进行过这项工作，但由于这项工作体量 比较大，所以需要通过多次出舱来完成。这项工作的目的就是尽可能提高整个空间站应对空间碎片的能 力。 神舟二十一乘组完成了首次出舱活动，出舱任务进行了约8个小时，这次出舱的任务比较特殊，是之前 历次出舱都没有做过的任务，一共两件大事。 乘组出舱的首要任务是进行神舟二十号飞船舷窗玻璃以 ...

中国载人航天工程首次应急发射任务近日圆满完成。当神舟二十二号飞船精准对接空间站天和核心舱 时，中国载人航天用16天应急发射的硬核表现，给出了何为"值得信任"的最佳答案。 应急发射的执行难度，堪称对航天系统的"极限大考"。 此前，常规发射流程需30天。16天应急发射任务具有流程紧凑、强度大、节奏快等特点，而且是首次开 展，给飞船系统带来了很大考验。但中国航天人通过精简非必要测试、优化船箭地联合检查流程，在确 保测试全面性的前提下实现了效率突破，用实战证明了应急体系的可靠性。 值得一提的是，除了16天方案，中国载人航天工程还备有8.5天应急发射方案。如果空间站或航天员出 现重大突发紧急情况，我国将果断采用8.5天应急发射方案，帮助航天员尽快返回地面。也就是说，面 对此次"极限大考"，我们还留有余力。 这场"大考"的顺利通过，彰显了中国航天系统的三大核心优势。 其一，"发一备一"的滚动备份模式构筑了安全底线。一直以来，中国载人航天工程都采用"发一备一"的 滚动备份模式。神舟二十一号发射时，神舟二十二号早已出厂待命，这为快速响应提供了硬件基础。 其二，"众志成城"的多系统协同能力奠定了成功基石。发现险情后的20天时间 ...

Core Insights - The development of China's space rendezvous and docking technology has progressed significantly from initial trials to practical applications, marking a transformative leap in capabilities [1][3]. Group 1: Technological Progress - The first successful unmanned docking occurred in November 2011 between Shenzhou 8 and Tiangong 1, taking two days to complete [1]. - By June 2021, the Shenzhou 12 mission achieved docking with the Tianhe core module in just 6.5 hours, indicating a shift from experimental to operational status [1]. - The latest docking by Shenzhou 21 on November 1, 2025, was completed in only 3.5 hours, showcasing further optimization of the docking technology [1]. Group 2: Implications for Manned Spaceflight - The reduction in docking time to 3.5 hours enhances astronaut comfort and safety, while also improving overall mission efficiency [3]. - This advancement signifies a comprehensive breakthrough in the entire chain of technologies related to space launch, control, navigation, and communication [3]. Group 3: Future Prospects - Rendezvous and docking technology is not only fundamental for the construction of the space station but also serves as a core support for future manned lunar missions and Mars exploration [5].

Group 1 - The Shenzhou-20 mission marks China's sixth successful space rendezvous, showcasing advancements in space technology and operations [3] - The mission involves a crew of six astronauts who will work and live in the space station for approximately five days [8] - The Shenzhou-20 crew has completed multiple extravehicular activities (EVAs), with the latest being the installation of protective devices and equipment inspections [4][6] Group 2 - The Shenzhou-20 mission is characterized by its efficient docking process, taking about 6.5 hours to complete [4] - This mission is notable for being the first to have two command leaders from the Shenzhou-20 crew performing joint extravehicular tasks [6] - The astronauts have successfully completed a total of six EVAs, making them the most active Chinese astronauts in terms of extravehicular missions [5]

Core Points - The Shenzhou 21 manned mission is scheduled for launch on October 31, 2023, at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew consisting of Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [6] - This mission marks the sixth manned flight during the application and development phase of the space station and the 37th flight of the manned space program [7] - The crew will conduct 27 scientific and application projects, including experiments on space life sciences and microgravity fluid physics [8][9] Group 1: Mission Overview - The primary objective of the Shenzhou 21 mission is to complete an in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou 20 crew and to stay in the space station for approximately six months [7] - The mission will involve various tasks such as extravehicular activities, cargo handling, and installation of space debris protection devices [7] - The Shenzhou 21 spacecraft will autonomously dock with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after entering orbit [7] Group 2: Scientific Research - The mission will include the first domestic space experiment with rodents, studying the effects of microgravity on behavior and physiological responses [8] - Additional projects will explore the origins of genetic codes and chirality in space environments [8] - The mission aims to provide a foundation for future scientific research and applications in space [9] Group 3: International Cooperation - China plans to arrange for a Pakistani astronaut to participate in a short-term flight mission as part of ongoing international cooperation in manned spaceflight [10] - The selection process for the Pakistani astronaut is underway, with training scheduled to take place in China [10] Group 4: Astronaut Profiles - Zhang Lu, the commander of the Shenzhou 21 mission, emphasizes the importance of thorough training and preparation for the mission [15] - Wu Fei, the youngest astronaut in the mission, has transitioned from an engineering role to a flight engineer, focusing on a broader range of knowledge [20][22] - Zhang Hongzhang, a payload specialist, brings his research background to the mission, highlighting the significance of conducting experiments in space [24][26] Group 5: Future Goals - China remains committed to achieving manned lunar landings by 2030, with ongoing development of key technologies and systems [12] - The country is increasingly involving commercial entities in space projects, enhancing the pace of development [13][14]

Core Points - The Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft is scheduled for launch on October 31 at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew consisting of Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [1] - This mission marks the 6th manned flight during the space station application and development phase and the 37th flight of the manned space program [1] - The primary objectives include crew rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, a six-month stay at the space station, conducting space science and application work, extravehicular activities, cargo operations, and installation of space debris protection devices [1] Mission Details - The Shenzhou-21 spacecraft will utilize an autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode, expected to dock with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after entering orbit [1] - During the stay, the Shenzhou-21 crew will receive visits from the Tianzhou-10 cargo spacecraft and the Shenzhou-22 manned spacecraft [1] - The current status of the spacecraft and crew is stable, with ground systems functioning normally, indicating readiness for the launch [2]

Core Points - China is set to launch the Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft on October 31 at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew consisting of Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [1] - The primary objective of the Shenzhou-21 mission is to conduct an in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, stay in the space station for approximately six months, and perform various scientific and application tasks [1] - The Shenzhou-21 spacecraft will utilize an autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode, docking with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after entering orbit [1] Mission Details - The Shenzhou-21 crew will engage in space science and application work, extravehicular activities, cargo operations, and installation of space debris protection devices [1] - The mission will also include public education activities and space-based experiments to maximize the comprehensive application benefits of the space station [1] - During the stay in orbit, the Shenzhou-21 crew will receive visits from the Tianzhou-10 cargo spacecraft and the Shenzhou-22 manned spacecraft [1] Shenzhou-20 Crew Status - The Shenzhou-20 crew has been in orbit for 188 days, potentially setting a new record for the longest duration of a Chinese astronaut crew in space [2] - Commander Chen Dong has become the first Chinese astronaut to exceed 400 days in space and has completed six extravehicular activities, making him the most experienced in this regard among Chinese astronauts [2] - The other two crew members, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, are successfully completing their first flight missions [2]

Core Points - The Shenzhou-21 manned spacecraft is scheduled for launch on October 31 at 23:44, with a crew of three astronauts: Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [1][2] - This mission marks the sixth manned flight during the application and development phase of the space station and the 37th flight of the manned space program [2] Group 1 - The primary objective of the Shenzhou-21 mission is to complete an in-orbit crew rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, stay in the space station for approximately six months, and conduct various scientific and application tasks [2] - The mission will involve extravehicular activities, cargo operations, installation and recovery of space debris protection devices, and educational outreach activities [2] - The spacecraft will utilize an autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode, docking with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after entering orbit [2] Group 2 - The Shenzhou-21 crew includes experienced astronaut Zhang Lu, who has previously flown on Shenzhou-15, while Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang are on their first flight [1][2] - The current status of the spacecraft and ground systems is stable, with all conditions met for the launch [2]

Core Points - The Shenzhou-21 manned mission is scheduled for launch on October 31 at 23:44 Beijing time, with a crew of three astronauts: Zhang Lu, Wu Fei, and Zhang Hongzhang [1][3] - This mission marks the sixth manned flight during the space station application and development phase and the 37th flight of the manned space program [7] Mission Details - The Shenzhou-21 spacecraft will dock with the Tianhe core module approximately 3.5 hours after launch using an autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode [7] - The crew will stay in orbit for about six months, conducting various scientific and application tasks, including space science experiments and cargo operations [7][10] - The mission will involve 27 new scientific and application projects, including the first in-orbit experiment with rodents to study the effects of microgravity on behavior [10] Astronauts and Training - The crew consists of a pilot, a flight engineer, and a payload specialist, representing all three types of active astronauts in China [3] - Zhang Lu has previously flown on the Shenzhou-15 mission, while Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang are participating in their first flight [3] International Collaboration - China is currently selecting Pakistani astronauts, with plans for one to participate in a short-term flight mission alongside Chinese astronauts [12] - Two astronauts from Hong Kong and Macau have completed various training programs and are preparing for potential missions by 2026 [13] Future Plans - China aims to achieve a manned moon landing by 2030, with ongoing development of key technologies and spacecraft [14][18] - The Long March 10 rocket and other related systems are progressing well, with multiple tests and preparations underway for future missions [15][17]