作者 杨杰英 张颖 中新网太原11月3日电 题：从三晋大地走向世界舞台：山西大学留学生如何"读懂中国、链接世界" 在山西大学一场别开生面的"我的母语故事"朗读会上，孟加拉国留学生沙基尔用悠扬的孟加拉语深情朗 诵民族诗人的经典诗作。他说："这首诗歌颂的是中国的英雄，但每一个读诗的人感受到的却是超越国 界的抗争精神。"这一刻，小小的朗读室成为文明对话的广阔舞台。 这正是山西大学留学生教育的一个生动缩影。近年来，学校积极响应国家教育对外开放战略，将留学生 培养纳入"双一流"建设整体规划，构建起独具特色的"语言筑基—专业赋能—文化融通"三位一体培养体 系，为来自世界各地的学子铺就了一条"读懂中国、链接世界"的成长之路。 这堂"理解当代中国"课程是学校为留学生量身定制的特色课程，已入选教育部首批"来华留学生国情教 育优秀课程"。课程将语言教学与中国国情深度融合，以山西地域文化为窗口，通过"运城苹果的供给侧 结构性改革""十八洞村脱贫故事"等鲜活案例，将抽象理论转化为具象认知。 来自印度尼西亚的周森马在课堂上将中国与印尼的发展路径进行对比："雅万高铁极大改善了我们的交 通条件，这是我亲身感受到的'一带一路'倡议带来的发展 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese steel industry is undergoing structural optimization and upgrading during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on high-end steel products for various sectors such as automotive, home appliances, infrastructure, and construction [1] Industry Structure and Trends - The proportion of steel used in manufacturing is expected to rise from 42% in 2020 to 50% by 2024, with projections indicating it will exceed 50% by 2025 [1] - Conversely, the share of steel used in the construction industry is anticipated to decrease from 58% in 2020 to 50% by 2024 [1] Product Development and Innovation - The production of high-end products, particularly silicon steel, is projected to reach approximately 18 million tons in 2024, marking a 48% increase from 2020 [1] - New steel varieties such as 2200 MPa ultra-high-strength bridge cable steel, "hand-tear steel," and "cicada wing steel" have achieved international leading standards [1] Future Development Plans - The Chinese steel industry aims to enhance its "gold content" and "green content" in response to higher demands for high-end and environmentally friendly products, providing ample space and prospects for transformation and upgrading [1] - The industry will focus on the overall planning for the "15th Five-Year Plan" and implement the "Steel Industry Stabilization and Growth Work Plan (2025-2026)," emphasizing technological innovation and the development of high-precision products [1]

Group 1 - The importance of developing the real economy is emphasized as a strategic choice for a large country like China [2][3] - The manufacturing sector is highlighted as a crucial pillar of the national economy, with a focus on maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing in the modernization process [1][3] - The transformation and innovation of traditional industries, such as the case of Yangquan Valve Company, illustrate the historical significance and evolution of national industry [1][3] Group 2 - The concept of "consolidation" in the context of developing the real economy is underscored, with examples from the steel industry, particularly the advancements in "hand-tear steel" [4][5] - Companies are encouraged to focus on their core business and avoid distractions from capital operations, as seen in the textile and footwear industries in Fujian [5][6] - Innovation is identified as a key competitive advantage, with companies like XCMG and LiuGong leading in engineering machinery through innovative products [6][7] Group 3 - The growth of the manufacturing sector is evident, with industrial added value increasing from 31.3 trillion yuan to 40.5 trillion yuan during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, maintaining the largest manufacturing scale globally for 15 consecutive years [8] - The resilience of the real economy is supported by over 63 million enterprises in China, including a significant number of high-tech and specialized small and medium-sized enterprises [8] - China's contribution to global manufacturing growth exceeds 30%, and it is set to remain the largest automobile exporter in 2024, enhancing its international competitiveness [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The emphasis on developing the real economy is crucial for China's modernization and industrial advancement, as highlighted by President Xi Jinping's remarks on maintaining a strong manufacturing sector [2][3]. Group 1: Importance of Real Economy - The real economy is identified as the foundation for national development, with a focus on industrial modernization and manufacturing capabilities [1][3]. - Companies like Luoyang Bearing Group have successfully transitioned to high-end products, with high-end bearing output accounting for 70% of their total production [1]. - The historical evolution of companies such as Yangquan Valve Co. illustrates the significance of technological innovation in revitalizing traditional industries [1]. Group 2: Commitment to Manufacturing - The need for unwavering dedication to the real economy is emphasized, with a call for companies to focus on their core business rather than seeking quick profits through capital operations [5]. - Companies in sectors like textiles and footwear are encouraged to enhance quality and brand recognition, contributing to the establishment of world-class industrial clusters [5]. Group 3: Innovation as a Competitive Edge - Innovation is highlighted as a key competitive advantage for enterprises, with examples from companies like XCMG and LiuGong showcasing their global leadership in engineering machinery through innovative products [7]. - The development of advanced technologies, such as the C919 aircraft and CR450 trains, reflects China's commitment to high-quality growth in the real economy [7]. Group 4: Economic Growth Metrics - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, China's industrial added value has increased from 31.3 trillion yuan to 40.5 trillion yuan, maintaining the largest manufacturing scale globally for 15 consecutive years [9]. - The country boasts over 63 million enterprises, including 504,000 high-tech firms and 14,000 specialized small and medium-sized enterprises, indicating a robust and resilient real economy [9]. Group 5: Global Economic Position - China's manufacturing sector contributes over 30% to global manufacturing growth, and the country is set to remain the largest automobile exporter in 2024, with exports of new products exceeding 1 trillion yuan [10]. - The focus on strengthening the real economy enhances China's international industrial competitiveness and secures its development momentum [10].

Group 1 - The importance of developing the real economy is emphasized as a strategic choice for a large country like China, focusing on industrial modernization and manufacturing improvement [1][2][3] - The Luoyang Bearing Group has successfully increased its high-end bearing output to account for 70% of its total production, showcasing the effectiveness of focusing on real industry [1] - The transformation of Yangquan Valve Company, which has embraced technological innovation, reflects the historical evolution of national industry and the necessity of maintaining a strong real economy [1] Group 2 - The steel industry, particularly the development of "hand-tear steel," illustrates the commitment to innovation and quality, with thickness reduced from 0.02mm to 0.015mm [4] - Companies are encouraged to focus on their core business and avoid distractions from capital operations, as seen in the textile and footwear industries in Fujian [5] - Innovation is highlighted as a core competitive advantage, with companies like XCMG and LiuGong leading in engineering machinery through groundbreaking products [6][7] Group 3 - The manufacturing sector is identified as a critical component of the real economy, with China's industrial output increasing from 31.3 trillion yuan to 40.5 trillion yuan during the 14th Five-Year Plan [8] - China has over 63 million enterprises, including 504,000 high-tech firms and 14,000 specialized small and medium-sized enterprises, indicating a robust and resilient real economy [8] - China's contribution to global manufacturing growth exceeds 30%, and it remains the largest automobile exporter, enhancing its international industrial competitiveness [8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the recovery of China's steel industry, with the PPI index for the steel sector reaching 99.5% in September, an increase of 3.9 percentage points compared to the previous month [1] - The PPI index has shown a significant upward trend since May, coinciding with the industry's first initiative to address "involution" competition [1] - Several steel companies are adopting transformation and upgrading strategies, focusing on differentiated development to maintain the overall interests of the industry chain [3] Group 2 - Wang Wenjin, Executive Chairman of the China Special Steel Enterprises Association, emphasizes the need for a new growth path to resolve the issue of involution, advocating for a specialized and innovative development approach [5] - The first China Special Steel and New Materials Specialized and Innovative Summit recently released a report promoting differentiated development routes for related enterprises, aiming for intelligent and high-end transformation [5] - The production of "hand-tear steel," which is the world's thinnest steel at 0.015 mm thick, has recently achieved full-scale production, with a daily output of approximately 3 tons [7] Group 3 - The "hand-tear steel" is being integrated into various applications, including soft-pack materials for new energy vehicle batteries and components in consumer electronics, enhancing battery capacity and extending device lifespan [9] - The introduction of "hand-tear steel" has significantly improved the durability of foldable screens, increasing their lifespan from 40,000-50,000 folds to potentially 80,000-100,000 folds [11] - The production process of "hand-tear steel" is complex, requiring precise control and collaboration among multiple operators to achieve the desired thickness and quality [13] Group 4 - The articles also discuss the emergence of the world's smallest steel, with particles measuring only 500 microns in diameter, which can be used in advanced applications such as new energy vehicle casting equipment [16] - Powder metallurgy products have a significantly longer lifespan compared to traditional methods, with potential usage life extending from 6,000 to 20,000 molds, and possibly up to 50,000 or 80,000 molds in the future [18] - The annual production capacity of powder metallurgy at Tiangong International has reached 8,000 tons, with applications spanning from complex tools to high-end components for humanoid robots and fusion reactors [20]

Core Points - The upcoming 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session will focus on formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" to ensure decisive progress in achieving socialist modernization [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is seen as a critical time for China's development, emphasizing the need for awareness of opportunities and risks [2][4] - The concept of "Chinese-style modernization" is highlighted as essential for uniting and motivating the nation towards further development [5][6] Group 1 - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has been a period of significant achievements and challenges, with a focus on high-quality development as the primary task for building a modern socialist country [13][14] - The importance of technological innovation and new productive forces is emphasized, with advancements in various sectors such as aerospace and renewable energy [16][18] - The economic growth during the "14th Five-Year Plan" has been substantial, with GDP expected to reach approximately 140 trillion yuan this year [22] Group 2 - The "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to deepen reforms and enhance the quality of life for all citizens, ensuring that modernization benefits are equitably distributed [29][31] - The focus on common prosperity and improving public services is evident, with significant investments in housing, education, and healthcare [32][33] - The government's commitment to listening to public opinion and incorporating citizen feedback into policy-making is highlighted as a key aspect of the modernization process [33]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the advancements in the steel industry, particularly focusing on the production of specialized steel products and the overall improvement in the industry’s pricing index [1][3]. - In September, China's steel industry PPI reached 99.5%, an increase of 3.9 percentage points compared to the previous month [1]. - The China Special Steel Association has released a report promoting the "specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative" development route for steel enterprises, encouraging them to transition towards intelligent and high-end production [3]. Group 2 - The world's thinnest steel, with a thickness of only 0.015 mm, has achieved mass production, with a daily output of approximately 3 tons [4][6]. - This ultra-thin steel, known as "hand-tear steel," requires precise control during its production process, akin to rolling dough, where both the force applied and the purity of the material are critical [6]. - The applications of "hand-tear steel" are expanding, being utilized in soft-pack materials for electric vehicle batteries and components in 3C digital products, enhancing battery capacity and extending device lifespan [8]. Group 3 - The world's smallest steel, with a particle diameter of only 500 microns, is being used in various applications, including die-casting for electric vehicles and the manufacturing of precision tools and high-tech products [9][12]. - The forging process for this small steel is noted to be more convenient and efficient, indicating a shift towards advanced manufacturing techniques in the steel industry [12].

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of China's foldable screen technology, particularly the production of ultra-thin "hand-tear steel," has shifted the competitive landscape in the smartphone industry, giving Chinese companies like Huawei a significant advantage over Western competitors like Apple [1][8]. Group 1: Technology Development - China has successfully achieved mass production of ultra-thin "hand-tear steel" with a thickness of 0.015 mm, capable of withstanding over 400,000 folds, marking a significant technological breakthrough [1][6]. - The research team at Shanxi Taigang conducted over 700 experiments to develop this material, which is now used not only in foldable smartphones but also in aerospace applications [6][8]. Group 2: Market Dynamics - Huawei has capitalized on this technology, capturing over half of the market share in the foldable smartphone segment, while Apple is struggling to catch up with its delayed entry into this market [1][8]. - The price of special steel materials has skyrocketed due to market manipulation by Japanese and German manufacturers, with costs reaching over one million per ton, leading to a significant financial burden on China, which previously imported 1.64 trillion annually [5][12]. Group 3: Geopolitical Implications - In response to China's advancements, the EU has imposed a 50% tariff on steel imports exceeding a reduced quota, indicating a protective stance against Chinese technology [10][12]. - The halt of hand-tear steel exports from China has left Western companies, particularly Apple, scrambling to adjust their strategies, as they can no longer rely on this critical material [1][8].

Core Viewpoint - The integration of Inner Mongolia into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is transforming the local economy and enhancing the flow of resources, including agricultural products and technology, leading to significant improvements in quality of life and economic development [1][22]. Transportation and Connectivity - Multiple high-speed rail lines connecting Beijing to cities in Inner Mongolia, such as Hohhot and Ulanqab, have created a 2.5-hour commuting circle, facilitating the exchange of resources and services [1]. - The opening of these rail lines has allowed Inner Mongolia to integrate into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic framework, promoting regional collaboration [1]. Technological Innovation - The Hohhot Innovation Center has introduced 27 disruptive technology projects, including smart collars for cattle that monitor health and hydration, enhancing traditional livestock farming [4][6]. - A multi-channel edge computing terminal has been adapted for real-time monitoring of wind turbines, improving operational efficiency in the region's wind energy sector [4]. Agricultural Development - A modern beef cattle breeding farm established in Ulanqab has transformed a previously impoverished village into a thriving community, significantly increasing local incomes [14][16]. - The establishment of a shared logistics warehouse in Beijing has streamlined the distribution of Inner Mongolia's agricultural products, ensuring rapid delivery to urban markets [16]. Environmental and Ecological Restoration - The transformation of the Chahan Lake Wetland Park has turned a previously degraded area into a popular tourist destination, contributing to ecological restoration and enhancing regional tourism [20][22]. - Initiatives aimed at combating desertification and improving biodiversity have revitalized the local environment, making it a key attraction for visitors from Beijing and beyond [20]. Educational Collaboration - The opening of the Beijing 101 Middle School branch in Hohhot has brought high-quality educational resources to the region, with teachers from Beijing providing ongoing support and collaboration [22]. - The initiative has allowed nearly 4,000 students and teachers in Inner Mongolia to benefit from advanced educational practices and resources from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area [22].