华福证券 石化运输周报（2025.3.10-2025.3.16）：中型油轮运价持 续改善，VLCC 运价维持相对高位 投资要点： 油运市场：2025 年第十一周，原油轮方面，VLCC 型船 TCE 均值 3.8 万美元/日，环比下降 2.0%，同比下降 21.3%；苏伊士型船 TCE 均 值 4.5 万美元/日，环比上升 20.9%，同比上升 18.9%；阿芙拉型船 TCE 均值 2.7 万美元/日，环比下降 5.9%，同比下降 35.2%。成品油轮方面， LR2 型船 TCE 均值 3.0 万美元/日，环比上升 12.9%，同比下降 48.2%； LR1 型船 TCE 均值 2.3 万美元/日，环比上升 19.0%，同比下降 47.8%； MR 型船大西洋一篮子 TCE 均值 1.9 万美元/日，环比上升 5.3%，同比 下降 54.0%；MR 型船太平洋一篮子 TCE 均值 2.2 万美元/日，环比下降 0.9%，同比下降 42.2%。 LNG 市场：2025 年第十一周，17.4 万立方米型船即期运价 23750 美元/日，环比上涨 6.7%，同比下降 59.5%；16 万立方米型船即期运价 13500 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Outperform the Market" [6] Core Viewpoints - The oil transportation market shows mixed trends with VLCC rates under pressure due to slow cargo release and excess tonnage, while medium-sized tanker rates are improving. The market sentiment is supported by OPEC+'s plan to increase oil production in April [7][8] - The LNG market is experiencing a slight increase in spot rates for certain vessel types, but year-on-year comparisons show significant declines [3][4] Summary by Sections Oil Transportation Market - In the week of March 10-16, 2025, the BDTI composite index averaged 909.2 points, up 3.1% week-on-week but down 23.9% year-on-year. VLCC TCE averaged $38,329/day, down 2.0% week-on-week and down 21.3% year-on-year [10] - Suezmax TCE averaged $44,715/day, up 20.9% week-on-week and up 18.9% year-on-year. Aframax TCE averaged $27,030/day, down 5.9% week-on-week and down 35.2% year-on-year [10] - The medium-sized tanker market is seeing steady recovery, particularly in the Mediterranean routes, while the product tanker market is benefiting from increased demand in Middle East-Japan and Middle East-Europe routes [7][19] LNG Transportation Market - In the same week, spot rates for 174,000 cubic meter LNG carriers averaged $23,750/day, up 6.7% week-on-week but down 59.5% year-on-year. For 160,000 cubic meter vessels, the rate was $13,500/day, up 12.5% week-on-week but down 71.8% year-on-year [3][37] - The LNG market in China reported a price of 4,449 RMB/ton, down 1.9% week-on-week but up 8.6% year-on-year. The import volume of LNG in December 2024 was 7.14 million tons, up 16.9% month-on-month but down 15.0% year-on-year [43][48] Demand Side - As of March 14, 2025, Brent and WTI crude oil prices were $71.6 and $66.7 per barrel, respectively, with slight declines from the previous week. The U.S. crude oil production in January 2025 was 13 million barrels/day, down 4.4% month-on-month but up 3.5% year-on-year [23][24] - China's crude oil imports in December 2024 were 47.84 million tons, down 1.4% month-on-month and down 1.1% year-on-year [25] Supply Side - As of December 2024, the total oil tanker fleet was 669 million deadweight tons, up 0.6% year-on-year. The VLCC fleet size was 279 million deadweight tons, remaining stable year-on-year [35] - The LNG fleet totaled 120.1 million cubic meters as of November 2024, up 6.8% year-on-year, with the 17,000-20,000 cubic meter segment growing by 2% [49]

业 研 究 建筑材料 两办发文促进住房消费，建材板块有望全面受益 投资要点： 本周观点 行 业 定 期 报 告 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《提振消费专项行动方案》， 方案提出要更好满足住房消费需求，持续用力推动房地产市场止跌回稳， 加力实施城中村和危旧房改造，充分释放刚性和改善性住房需求潜力，允 许专项债券支持城市政府收购存量商品房用作保障性住房，适时降低住房 公积金贷款利率，扩大住房公积金使用范围；自然资源部、财政部发文要 求支持运用专项债券开展土地储备工作，有效推动房地产市场止跌回稳； 金融监管总局会议强调坚决做好保交房工作；2 月社会融资规模存量 417.29 万亿元，同比增长 8.2%；深圳对住房公积金贷款和利息补贴政策进行调整 优化，涉及提高贷款额度、下调首付款比例、加大利息补贴力度等多项有 力举措；昆明推广灵活就业人员参加公积金试点；无锡锡山区推出购房补 贴政策，每套最高补贴 5 万元；宁波购房缴纳契税自 3 月 10 日起调整，首 套认定标准再扩大；苏州出台"三低一宽"购房金融产品，最低首付比例 15%。短期来看：1）稳增长压力下，4 月政治局会议前仍为地产政策窗口 期；2）万科风险 ...

行 华福证券 机械设备 2025 年 03 月 16 日 业 研 究 机械设备 3C 设备周观点：关注 3C 设备在机器人组装生产 环节的应用 投资要点： 3C 设备在机器人组装生产环节应用空间广阔 行 业 定 期 报 告 马斯克表示，人形机器人原型很容易，但批量生产很难。Figure AI 的 CEO Brett Adcock 表示，人形机器人的组装更类似于消费电子产品 而不是汽车。我们认为，人形机器人与消费电子产品的生产过程有相 似的要求，部分 3C 设备公司在人形机器人的组装生产环节已有相关布 局： 博众精工：在人形机器人生产组装及其核心零部件领域，公司已 有布局； 天准科技：公司正针对人形机器人行业推广公司的首款具身智能 控制器——星智 001； 强瑞技术：公司正积极布局与机器人相关的核心零部件产品(如核 心关节)及检测设备等业务，并正在与潜在客户进行方案对接及送样； 博杰股份：公司参股 24%尔智机器人，尔智机器人是一家工业机 器人研发商； 凌云光：公司的 FZMot 卢大炜 ion 智能光学运动捕捉系统可服务 于具身智能的动作训练、数据采集与处理、模拟仿真等，是具身智能 训练中的关键数据； 奥普特 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the light industry sector [3] Core Viewpoints - The report highlights a recovery in consumer expectations, particularly in the home furnishing sector, with a potential turning point in the fundamentals [2] - It emphasizes the benefits of policy support and high-growth segments, recommending companies with strong product upgrades and e-commerce channels [2] - The report suggests focusing on leading companies in the lens industry that possess core R&D capabilities and strong brand development [2] Summary by Sections Home Furnishing - The report notes a recovery in the home furnishing sector driven by increased transactions in the second-hand housing market and improved consumer confidence, predicting better performance during the 315 promotional event compared to last year [8] - Key companies to watch include custom furniture leaders such as Oppein Home, Sophia, and Zhijia Home, as well as soft furniture leaders like Mousse and Kuka [8] Paper and Packaging - As of March 14, 2025, prices for various paper products remained stable, with double glue paper at 5450 CNY/ton, copper plate paper at 5820 CNY/ton, and box board paper at 3639.2 CNY/ton, which saw a decrease of 47.2 CNY/ton [8] - The report recommends companies like Sun Paper and Huawang Technology, which are expected to benefit from improved industry dynamics [8] Light Industry Consumption - The report mentions Meta's collaboration with Ray-Ban to launch limited edition AI glasses, which could drive demand for smart eyewear [8] - It also highlights the recovery of domestic consumption, suggesting a focus on cultural and creative leaders like Morning Glory and oral care leader Dengkang [8] Export Chain - The report discusses recent policy changes in Guangdong aimed at supporting cross-border e-commerce, which could enhance profitability for companies in this sector [8] - Companies to watch include Zhejiang Natural and Hars, which are expected to benefit from these developments [8] New Tobacco Products - The report notes trends in electronic cigarette regulation in the U.S., suggesting that compliance and harm reduction will be key focuses [8] - It recommends companies like Smoore International, which have strong partnerships and product advantages in the new tobacco sector [8] Textile and Apparel - The textile and apparel sector has shown strong performance, with companies like Hailan Home and Anta benefiting from supportive policies [8] - The report highlights the growth of the outdoor economy, recommending companies like Zhejiang Natural and Mugaodi [8]

行 业 研 华福证券 机械设备 2025 年 03 月 15 日 究 特斯拉 Optimus 明年有望前往火星，开普勒机器人进厂 "搬砖" 投资要点： 星舰明年年底前携带特斯拉人形机器人 Optimus 前往火星 行 业 定 期 报 告 近日 Teslaconomics 发文称"祝@SpaceX 成立 23 周年快乐，该公 司成立于 2002 年 3 月 14 日，至今仍在突破可能的极限，祝愿下一章 书写让生命多行星化的篇章。"而马斯克回应该发言时说到，星舰将 于明年年底启程前往火星，搭载 Optimus。如果那些着陆任务进展顺利， 人类登陆可能最早在 2029 年开始，尽管 2031 年更有可能。 开普勒 K2 机器人进厂"搬砖" 3 月 15 日，上海开普勒机器人发布旗下人形机器人先行者 K2 上 岗的视频。在视频中，K2 能够在工厂流水线进行搬箱、运输、操作仪 器等动作，双臂协同搬运能力为 25-30 千克。据了解，K2 此前已投入 到智能制造、仓储物流、特种作业、科研教育等头部客户实际场景开 展测试，进行物料搬运、样品处理、巡逻巡检、冲压收料、质量检测 等场景测试。 人形机器人造福全人类，未来有望像汽 ...

行 业 研 究 银行 2025 年 03 月 15 日 2 月社融同比多增，信贷投放动能边际走弱 投资要点： 财政发力支撑社融增速，信贷增量低于预期 2 月社融继续同比多增，但信贷增量低于市场预期。当月新增社融 2.2 万亿元，同比多增 7416 亿元。2 月末存量社融同比增长 8.2%，同比增 速较上月提升 0.2pct。 行 业 动 态 跟 踪 从社融增量结构来看，社融同比多增主要来自直接融资的贡献，信贷 对社融增量的贡献减弱。2 月社融口径人民币贷款新增 6528 亿元，同 比少增 3245 亿元。剔除春节错位因素，1-2 月合计新增社融口径人民 币贷款 6.14 万亿元，和上年同期基本持平。2 月直接融资新增 1.87 万 亿元，其中政府债仍然保持较快发行节奏，新增 1.69 万亿元，同比多 增 1.1 万亿元。 化债置换和靠前投放影响下，信贷增长动能边际走弱 2 月企业端信贷增量回落，企业贷款新增 1.04 万亿元，同比少增 5300 亿元。其中，票据融资新增 1693 亿元，同比多增 4460 亿元，票据冲 量对当月信贷形成一定支撑。 对公一般贷款需求下滑。2 月企业中长期贷款新增 5400 亿元 ...

行 华福证券 有色金属 2025 年 03 月 15 日 业 研 究 有色金属 小金属行情热度不减，铜周内开启去库 投资要点： 行 业 定 期 报 告 贵金属：美国通胀超预期降温，黄金价格受振上涨。美国关税政策的 摇摆叠加美国2月份消费价格增长放缓，市场对美联储降息预期有所升温， 提振金银价格走势。短期来看，全球贸易战扩大的担忧加剧，市场对未来 经济滞涨担忧仍在，预计贵金属价格震荡为主；中长期角度来看，全球主 要经济体货币政策方向明确，东欧及朝鲜半岛等地缘冲突仍将凸显贵金属 避险属性，中国央行1月增持黄金，贵金属中长期配置价值不改。个股：黄 金建议关注中金黄金、紫金矿业、山东黄金、赤峰黄金，低估弹性关注株 冶集团和玉龙股份，其他关注银泰黄金、湖南黄金及招金矿业；白银建议 关注兴业银锡、银泰黄金、盛达资源。 工业金属：美国2月CPI低于预期，铜周内开始去库。铜，供给端，本 周进口铜矿TC均价继续下跌，当前为-16美元/吨。需求端，本周铜价上涨 后，下游需求买兴增加，但买货节奏仍偏谨慎，仍是逢低采购。全球铜库 存80.81万吨，环比-1.75万吨，同比+17.62万吨。我们认为，短期中美制 造业PMI共振处于荣枯 ...

行 业 华福证券 轨交设备Ⅱ 2025 年 03 月 15 日 研 究 轨交设备Ⅱ 今年前两个月铁路客流创历史新高 货物运输畅通有序 投资要点： 2025 年 1—2 月份，全国铁路旅客发送量创历史同期新高，货物运输 畅通有序 2025 年 1—2 月份，全国铁路旅客发送量创历史同期新高，货物运 输畅通有序，为经济平稳运行提供了有力支撑。 行 业 定 期 报 告 ——客运方面。春运期间，学生流、务工流、探亲流、旅游流叠 加交织，铁路客流保持高位。2 月，全国铁路发送旅客 3.69 亿人次。 今年前两个月，全国铁路发送旅客 7.38 亿人次，同比增长 6.4%，其中 动车组发送旅客 5.44 亿人次，占全国铁路旅客发送量的 73.8%，同比 增长 5.9%。全国铁路旅客周转量完成 2897.52 亿人公里，同比增长 2.9%，其中动车组旅客周转量 1923.47 亿人公里，同比增长 4.5%。 ——货运方面。2 月，全国铁路货运发送量 3.85 亿吨。前两个月， 全国铁路货运发送量 8.08 亿吨，同比增长 0.3%。从分品类运输情况看， 今年前两个月，集装箱、金属矿石、矿建材料分别发送 1.46 亿吨、0.9 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the industry, indicating a positive outlook compared to the broader market [6]. Core Insights - The report highlights significant investment activities in Xinjiang by central enterprises, with over 130 billion yuan expected to be invested in 54 projects across various sectors including energy and new energy storage [4][16]. - The first cross-regional green electricity transaction in China has been successfully completed, marking a milestone in the construction of a unified national electricity market [5][21]. - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued guidelines to promote voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions by enterprises, aiming to enhance the green transition and international cooperation [25][26]. Summary by Sections Market Review - From March 10 to March 14, the environmental, gas, water, and electricity sectors saw increases of 2.63%, 2.22%, 2.17%, and 1.80% respectively, while the CSI 300 index rose by 1.59% [3][10]. Industry Perspectives - **Investment in Xinjiang**: Central enterprises are heavily investing in Xinjiang, with projects covering energy, new energy storage, and equipment manufacturing, driven by the region's resource advantages and government support [4][16][17]. - **Green Electricity Trading**: The successful completion of the first cross-regional green electricity transaction involved 52.7 million kilowatt-hours, with wind power accounting for 78% and solar power for 22% of the total [5][21][22]. - **Voluntary Emission Disclosure**: The new guidelines aim to establish a comprehensive framework for voluntary greenhouse gas disclosure by 2027, promoting proactive climate responsibility among enterprises [25][26]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on various sectors: for thermal power, it recommends Jiangsu Guoxin and cautiously suggests Sheneng Shares and Zhejiang Energy; for nuclear power, it recommends China Nuclear Power and China General Nuclear Power; for hydropower, it recommends Yangtze Power and cautiously suggests Huaneng Hydropower [6].