非经营性资金占用及其他关联资金 往来情况专项说明 上海汉钟精机股份有限公司 容诚专字[2025]100Z0982 号 容诚会计师事务所(特殊普通合伙) 中国·北京 容诚会计师事务所（特殊普通合伙） 总所：北京市西城区阜成门外大街 22 号 1 幢 10 层 1001-1 至 1001-26 (100037) TEL:010-6600 1391 FAX:010-6600 1392 E-mail:bj@rsmchina.com.cn https://www.rsm.global/china/ 关于上海汉钟精机股份有限公司 非经营性资金占用及其他关联资金往来情况专项说明 容诚专字[2025]100Z0982 号 上海汉钟精机股份有限公司全体股东： 我们接受委托，依据中国注册会计师审计准则审计了上海汉钟精机股份有限 公司（以下简称汉钟精机公司）2024 年 12 月 31 日的合并及母公司资产负债表， 2024 年度的合并及母公司利润表、合并及母公司现金流量表和合并及母公司所有 者权益变动表以及财务报表附注，并于 2025 年 4 月 24 日出具了容诚审字 [2025]100Z2035 号的无保留意见审计报告。 根 ...

Core Viewpoint - The company Zhongke Instrument (中科仪) has changed its plan from an initial public offering (IPO) on the Shanghai Stock Exchange's Sci-Tech Innovation Board to a public offering on the Beijing Stock Exchange for unspecified qualified investors, with the guidance of China Merchants Securities [1] Company Overview - Zhongke Instrument, established in 2001, specializes in the research, production, and sales of dry vacuum pumps and vacuum scientific instruments, primarily serving the semiconductor and major scientific engineering sectors [2] - The company was recognized as a "Little Giant" enterprise by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in December 2020 [2] - Competitors in the industry include Beifang Huachuang, Xinyuan Micro, Zhongwei Company, and Hanzhong Precision [2] IPO History - The company previously applied for an IPO on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board in December 2020 but withdrew its application in May 2021, leading to the termination of the review process by the Shanghai Stock Exchange [2] - In January 2023, Zhongke Instrument re-engaged with China Merchants Securities for guidance on its IPO plans [2] Financial Performance - The company's revenue for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023, as well as the first half of 2024, were reported as follows: - 2021: 449.82 million yuan - 2022: 698.09 million yuan - 2023: 851.79 million yuan - H1 2024: 471.05 million yuan [3] - Net profit attributable to shareholders for the same periods were: - 2021: 65.82 million yuan - 2022: 497.79 million yuan - 2023: 599.98 million yuan - H1 2024: 0.21 million yuan [3] - The company experienced a 33.95% year-on-year revenue growth in H1 2024, but net profit saw a significant decline of 99.70% due to a decrease in the fair value of its holdings in Tuojing Technology [3][4] Key Financial Metrics - For H1 2024, the company reported: - Revenue: 471.05 million yuan, up 33.95% from the previous year - Gross margin: 34.88% - Net profit: 2.08 million yuan, down 99.70% - Non-recurring net profit: 58.58 million yuan, up 32.96% [4] - Major clients include Yangtze Memory Technologies, SMIC, and LONGi Green Energy, with sales to the top five clients accounting for approximately 41.83% of total sales in 2023 [4] Investment Projects - The previous IPO plan included projects for the industrialization of dry vacuum pumps and supplementary working capital, with a total investment of 900 million yuan, of which 771 million yuan was intended to be raised through the IPO [5][6]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the machinery equipment industry [5]. Core Views - The humanoid robot sector is rapidly advancing, with Tesla's humanoid robot aiming for mass production of 5,000 units by 2025. Domestic companies like Yushutech and ZhiYuan Robotics are also innovating quickly, focusing on key components such as reducers and sensors [3][4]. - AI infrastructure is experiencing growth driven by demand for data centers, benefiting companies involved in cooling systems [4]. - The low-altitude economy is progressing with infrastructure initiatives, aiming to create a unified air traffic management network [4]. Industry Dynamics - Humanoid Robots: Recent demonstrations include the release of a dexterous hand technology by Xingdong Era and a boxing video by Yushutech [1][18]. - Smart Welding: The application of pipeline welding robots by China National Petroleum has achieved scale [20]. - Low-altitude Economy: New companies and initiatives are being established to support the development of low-altitude economic infrastructure [21][26]. Company Dynamics - Yushutech and Chang'an Automobile signed a strategic cooperation agreement to collaborate on robotics technology [31]. - ZhiYuan Robotics participated in a roundtable discussion on economic trends [22]. - A joint venture was established between Junpu Intelligent and ZhiYuan Robotics to focus on humanoid robots [29]. Event Outlook - A humanoid robot half-marathon is scheduled to take place in Beijing on April 19, 2025, featuring humanoid robots competing alongside human participants [37]. Key Company Profit Forecasts and Investment Ratings - Companies such as Lide Harmony, Mingzhi Electric, and Huichuan Technology are rated as "Outperform" with various earnings per share (EPS) forecasts for 2023 and 2024 [9].

| | | 机构扎堆关注的氢能源概念股 | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 代码 | 简称 | A股市值 (亿元) | 较2024年以来 高点回撤(%) | 每股收益 预测机构 | | | | | | 家数 | | 002648 | 卫星化学 | 561.22 | -28.16 | 37 | | 686009 | 宝丰能源 | 1135.20 | -18.83 | 31 | | 600066 | 宇通客车 | 558.36 | -14.07 | 28 | | 000338 | 潍柴动力 | 1036.52 | -15.90 | 25 | | 300580 | 贝斯特 | 125.04 | -36.28 | 24 | | 600104 | 上汽集团 | 1742.08 | -29.34 | 22 | | 601012 | 降基绿能 | 1138.98 | -33.54 | 16 | | 600256 | 广汇能源 | 365.71 | -34.24 | 13 | | 601965 | 中国汽研 | 181.80 | -16.10 | 13 | | 002158 | 汉 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the semiconductor industry [1] Core Viewpoints - The increase in import tariffs on semiconductor equipment from the US is beneficial for the domestic replacement of both mature and advanced process equipment, supporting the trend of self-sufficiency [5][6] - The import value of semiconductor equipment from the US in 2024 is estimated to be approximately 33.7 billion yuan, accounting for about 20% of total imports [6][8] - The newly imposed 34% tariff on US imports is expected to increase the cost of imported equipment by over 50%, giving a significant price advantage to domestic equipment [5][6] - The report highlights that the major imported equipment from the US includes ion implantation and metrology equipment, with the largest import value for metrology equipment at approximately 12.25 billion yuan [7][8] - Major US equipment manufacturers have production bases in Singapore and Malaysia, which affects the reported import values [11] Summary by Sections Section 1: Impact of Tariffs - The increase in tariffs is expected to accelerate the domestic production of semiconductor equipment, particularly benefiting the mature process segment due to its price sensitivity [5][6] Section 2: Equipment Import Breakdown - In 2024, the largest import value from the US is for metrology equipment at 12.25 billion yuan, followed by ion implantation equipment at approximately 10.15 billion yuan [7][8] Section 3: Revenue from US Equipment Manufacturers - The combined revenue of four major US equipment manufacturers in China is estimated at around 120 billion yuan, indicating a significant market presence [11][15] Section 4: Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on front-end and back-end semiconductor equipment manufacturers, highlighting specific companies such as North Huachuang and Zhongwei Company for front-end platform equipment, and others for various segments [18]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the semiconductor industry [1] Core Viewpoints - The increase in import tariffs on semiconductor equipment from the US is beneficial for the domestic replacement of both mature and advanced process equipment, supporting the trend of self-sufficiency [5][6] - The import value of semiconductor equipment from the US in 2024 is estimated to be approximately 33.7 billion yuan, accounting for about 20% of total imports [6][8] - The newly imposed 34% tariff on US imports is expected to increase the cost of imported key equipment by over 50%, giving a significant price advantage to domestic equipment [5][6] - The report highlights that the major imported equipment from the US includes ion implantation and metrology equipment, with the largest import value for metrology equipment at approximately 12.25 billion yuan [7][8] - Major US equipment manufacturers have production bases in Singapore and Malaysia, which affects the reported import values [11] Summary by Sections Section 1: Impact of Tariffs - The increase in tariffs is expected to accelerate the domestic replacement of semiconductor equipment, particularly benefiting mature process chips due to their price sensitivity [5][6] Section 2: Equipment Import Breakdown - In 2024, the largest import value from the US is for metrology equipment at 12.25 billion yuan, followed by ion implantation equipment at approximately 10.15 billion yuan [7][8] Section 3: Revenue from US Equipment Manufacturers - The combined revenue of four major US equipment manufacturers in China is estimated at around 120 billion yuan, indicating a significant presence in the market [11][12] Section 4: Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on front-end and back-end semiconductor equipment and component manufacturers, highlighting specific companies such as North Huachuang and Zhongwei Company [18]

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the machinery equipment industry, particularly highlighting opportunities in semiconductor equipment due to tariff impacts [1]. Core Insights - The report emphasizes the impact of tariffs on the machinery equipment sector, particularly the 34% tariff on U.S. imports, which raises the total export tariff to the U.S. for engineering machinery to 79%. However, the actual impact on major companies is limited due to their low exposure to the U.S. market [1][2]. - The report identifies potential growth in domestic demand and the electric vehicle transition as key factors for the forklift segment, while also noting the limited impact of tariffs on exports [3]. - The semiconductor equipment sector is expected to benefit from increased domestic production due to tariffs, with a focus on both mature and advanced process equipment [4]. Summary by Sections Engineering Machinery - The report highlights that major engineering machinery companies have minimal exposure to the U.S. market, with SANY Heavy Industry at approximately 3% and XCMG at about 1% [1][2]. - Companies with overseas factories, particularly in North America and Mexico, are better positioned to mitigate tariff risks [2]. - The report recommends companies like SANY Heavy Industry, XCMG, and LiuGong for their strategic factory locations [2]. Forklifts - The report notes that domestic forklift manufacturers have limited exposure to the U.S. market, and the impact of tariffs is manageable due to pre-stocked inventory [3]. - It suggests that the domestic forklift market will see growth driven by the electric vehicle transition and government policies supporting domestic demand [3]. Semiconductor Equipment - The report indicates that the 34% tariff on U.S. imports will accelerate the domestic production of semiconductor equipment, particularly in mature processes where price sensitivity is higher [4]. - It recommends focusing on companies involved in both front-end and back-end semiconductor equipment, highlighting firms like North China Innovation and Zhongwei Company [4]. General Automation - The report suggests that the general automation sector will see limited impact from tariffs, with a focus on domestic demand for tools and automation products [5][8]. - It highlights the recovery in manufacturing and logistics sectors as potential growth drivers for the general automation market [8]. Investment Recommendations - The report provides a list of recommended companies across various segments, including semiconductor equipment, engineering machinery, and general automation, emphasizing their potential for growth in the current market environment [1][16].

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry or companies mentioned [1]. Core Insights - The report highlights the recent IPOs and trading activities in the market, indicating a dynamic environment for new stock listings and potential investment opportunities [1]. - It includes a list of companies with their respective stock codes and recent announcements, suggesting active market participation and investor interest [1]. Summary by Sections - **New Stock Listings**: The report lists several new stock listings, including 恒鑫生活 (stock code: 301501) with an issue price of 39.92, indicating a new entry into the market [1]. - **Tender Offers**: The report mentions companies like 成大生物 (stock code: 688739) and 海航科技 (stock code: 600751) that are currently involved in tender offers, which may present investment opportunities [1]. - **Recent Announcements**: A variety of companies have made recent announcements regarding their stock activities, including 海洋王 (stock code: 002724) and 爱婴室 (stock code: 603214), reflecting ongoing corporate actions that could impact stock performance [1].

Group 1: Key Insights on Humanoid Robot Sensors - Humanoid robot sensors are essential for perceiving the physical world and include various types such as visual, auditory, tactile, and force sensors, which enable robots to gather information about their environment [1][2] - A humanoid robot requires multiple sensors, including one set of visual sensors, one set of position sensors, and various force and tactile sensors, with sensor costs accounting for approximately 30% of the total robot cost [2][3] - The global humanoid robot market is projected to grow significantly, with an estimated market size of USD 1.017 billion in 2024 and expected to reach USD 15 billion by 2030, reflecting a CAGR of over 56% from 2024 to 2030 [3][4] Group 2: Opportunities and Challenges in the Sensor Industry - The sensor industry faces opportunities due to policy support and the need for a reliable supply chain, but challenges include late development, limited technological accumulation, and the need for core technology breakthroughs [2][3] - The sensor industry is characterized by a wide variety of products, low output per single sensor, and high overall industry value, indicating that development requires a focus on integrated growth rather than a fragmented approach [2][3] Group 3: Investment Targets in the Humanoid Robot Sensor Market - Companies with technological advantages in the humanoid robot sensor market are expected to benefit from the industry's expansion, with potential investment targets including Keli Sensor, Hanwei Technology, and others [4] Group 4: Government Policies Impacting the Machinery and Robotics Sector - The government work report emphasizes boosting consumption and developing future industries, which is expected to positively impact the machinery and robotics sectors [5][6] - The report highlights the importance of establishing application scenarios for robots, particularly in municipal services and emergency rescue, which could accelerate the adoption of humanoid robots [7][8] Group 5: Market Dynamics and Future Projections - The report indicates that the demand for humanoid robots and their sensors will continue to rise as the industry expands and technology evolves, with a focus on high-dimensional and high-precision sensors [2][3] - The MEMS sensor market in China is transitioning from scale expansion to quality upgrades, with significant growth expected in the coming years [4]

DONGXING SECURITIES 东兴证券研究报告 首席周观点：2025年第11周 P1 首席周观点：2025 年第 11 周 2025 年 3 月 13 日 首席观点 周度观点 刘航 | 东兴证券电子行业首席分析师 S1480522060001，021-25102909，liuhang-yjs@dxzq.net.cn 电子行业：人形机器人专题（一）：传感器的技术路径、竞争格局与产业重构 Q1：人形机器人传感器是什么？传感器是机器人感知物理世界的窗口，也是机器人迈向智能 化的基础。包含各类视觉传感器、听觉传感器、触觉传感器、力传感器等，用于感知环境， 获取关于周围世界的信息。视觉传感器是具有图像采集处理、数据传输能力的功能专门化嵌 入式视觉系统，可实现目标识别定位、尺寸测量、缺陷检测、条码识别等功能；人形机器人 的听觉传感器主要为麦克风，包括声音接收器、信号处理器和音频处理软件等部分；力传感 器主要为力矩传感器，其可以在各种旋转或非旋转机械部件上对扭转力矩感知进行检测，将 扭力的物理变化转化为精确电信号；触觉传感器可覆盖于人形机器人三维载体表面，实现与 环境接触力、温度、湿度、震动、材质、软硬等特性的检 ...