机械 2026 年策略：科技领航，周期起舞 20251207 摘要 机械行业整体在 2024 年表现出较好的增长势头，尤其是在科技、AI 成 长相关的领域以及工程机械等周期性资产方面，申万一级子行业数据显 示，截至 10 月底，机械行业总体涨幅约为 35%，在一级行业中排名靠 前。 展望 2026 年，AI 和科技投资类方向预计将继续加速发展，工程机械已 跨过周期低点，内需顺周期处于底部，光伏设备等领域存在从左侧到右 侧的投资机会，同时出口方面也将保持景气度。 2024 年前 11 个月，AI 设备和耗材、锂电设备、人形机器人、出口链和 工程机械等细分领域表现突出，其中 AI 设备和耗材涨幅超过 1.5 倍，风 电特别是海风装机量显著增长，反映了基本面的积极变化。 2024 年市场受到多个事件影响，包括年初人形机器人概念的兴起、 East 超导托卡马克实验的突破、一季度工程机械数据超预期等，以及固 态电池和可控核聚变等新兴技术的进展，这些事件推动了相关主题资产 的上涨。 Q&A 2025 年机械行业的整体表现如何？ 2025 年，机械行业作为制造业的中游，整体基本面呈现内需偏弱、外需偏强 的特点。下游几个重要 ...

Group 1: Core Insights - The funding environment has improved, with signs of recovery in allocation-type funds and a reduction in insurance risk factors potentially leading to increased equity asset allocation [2][4] - Recent trends indicate a marginal slowdown in trading funds, while private equity registrations have slowed to 178, but product issuance and positioning are expected to accelerate [2][3] Group 2: Economic Trends - The TMT sector, upstream resources, and public industries have shown significant improvement in economic sentiment over the past three months, with AI applications, price increases in commodities, and capital goods leading the way [3][4] - The construction PMI has strengthened, indicating a positive outlook for the infrastructure chain, while consumer goods such as cinema, cosmetics, and dairy products are also experiencing a recovery [3][4] Group 3: Policy Outlook - Anticipation of policy changes ahead of the December Political Bureau and Central Economic Work Conference is rising, with expectations for more proactive macro policies and a focus on expanding domestic demand [4] - Historical data suggests a higher probability of market gains leading up to the Central Economic Work Conference, particularly in sectors like consumer services and home appliances [4] Group 4: Investment Strategy - The market is currently in a phase of recovery, with potential for a "spring rally" to begin in late December, emphasizing a balanced allocation between growth and cyclical sectors [4] - Key sectors to focus on include aviation equipment, AI chains, and power equipment for growth, while non-ferrous metals and certain chemicals are highlighted for cyclical investments [4]

Core Viewpoint - The overall industry prosperity index continued to decline in October, but the rate of decline has slowed down, with improvements noted in essential consumption, midstream manufacturing, and large financial sectors, while TMT (Technology, Media, and Telecommunications) shows continued differentiation [1] Group 1: Industry Insights - The essential consumption, midstream manufacturing, and large financial sectors are leading in terms of prosperity improvement [1] - The TMT sector continues to exhibit a mixed performance, indicating varying levels of recovery across different segments [1] Group 2: Investment Strategy - A short-term "barbell" strategy is recommended, suggesting a balanced allocation across growth, cyclical, and dividend stocks [1] - Focus on identifying sectors with improving prosperity that have a degree of sustainability, as well as those with relatively low valuations and chip positions [1] - Potential recovery opportunities are highlighted in sectors such as non-ferrous metals, chemicals, new energy, general automation, storage, military industry, and insurance [1] - Additionally, there is a suggestion to consider left-side positioning in certain consumer and service sectors, such as dairy products [1]

Group 1: General Automation Business Performance - The general automation business has seen positive order growth across over 40 downstream industries, indicating a recovery trend in manufacturing [2][3] - The company’s market share in the domestic market continues to rise, primarily by replacing foreign brands, especially in the automotive and semiconductor sectors [2][3] - The lithium battery industry has contributed to the growth of the general automation business, alongside successful penetration in semiconductor, 3C equipment, machine tools, and automotive sectors [3][4] Group 2: Profitability and Competition - The core profit margin of the general automation business has been on the rise, despite some price pressure on products [3][4] - The company has maintained stable overall gross margins through rapid growth in high-margin products and optimization of product structure [3][4] - Inventory levels among downstream distributors are normal, with no signs of stockpiling [3] Group 3: International Expansion and Strategy - The company has invested over 700 personnel in overseas operations, focusing on developing safety products that meet European and North American standards [4][5] - The overseas business has grown nearly 50% from January to September 2025, outpacing domestic growth [5] - The company faces challenges in brand recognition and product requirements in the European and American markets, which it aims to address through international branding efforts and product development [4][5] Group 4: Robotics and AI Development - The company is focusing on developing humanoid robots by first establishing a competitive advantage in core components and then targeting industrial applications [6][7] - The integration of AI and vision technology into industrial robots is a key development area, enhancing the company's competitive edge [6][7] - The company plans to leverage open-source models in AI applications, emphasizing the importance of industrial context in AI deployment [9][10] Group 5: Financial Outlook and Cost Management - The company expects to maintain stable gross margins in the general automation business through product structure optimization and cost control [10][11] - R&D expenses are projected to continue rising, supporting long-term growth, while sales and management expenses are expected to decrease due to scale effects [11] - The target is to keep the overall expense ratio around 17% [11]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that Buke Co., Ltd. (SH 688160) announced the convening of its fifth board meeting to review the 2025 semi-annual report and its summary [1] - For the fiscal year 2024, Buke Co., Ltd. reported that 99.46% of its revenue came from the general automation industry, while other businesses accounted for 0.54% [1] - As of the report date, Buke Co., Ltd. has a market capitalization of 8.2 billion yuan [1]

Core Viewpoint - The overall industry and non-financial sector prosperity index rebounded in July, with improvements noted in major financial, midstream manufacturing, and TMT sectors [1] Group 1: Sector Insights - The rebound in the prosperity index is supported by policies aimed at reducing competition and stabilizing ROE [1] - Various sectors are entering a bottoming or climbing phase, including industrial metals, energy metals, steel, certain chemicals, wind power, automotive, aquaculture, and logistics [1] - Overseas AI capital expenditure continued to rise in Q2, driving improvements or maintaining high levels in AI-related components such as storage, software, and gaming [1] Group 2: Investment Recommendations - Tactical focus should be on sectors showing signs of improvement and potential for catch-up, including storage, software, general automation, chemicals, insurance, and coal [1] - Strategic allocation should continue to favor major financials, military industry, and pharmaceuticals, with the pharmaceutical market potentially expanding from innovative drugs to medical devices [1]

Market Performance - A-shares experienced a collective rise with major indices reaching new highs, with the Shanghai Composite Index up by 0.51%, Shenzhen Component Index up by 1.48%, and ChiNext Index up by 1.99% [1][2] - The trading volume in the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets exceeded 1 trillion yuan for the 53rd consecutive trading day, with an expected total trading amount of over 1.8 trillion yuan [2] Sector Performance - The market showed a healthy rotation of hotspots, with over 4,200 stocks rising, while sectors such as PEEK materials and lithium mining led the gains [3][4] - PEEK materials increased by 6.20%, lithium mining by 5.51%, while sectors like banking, electricity, and gold saw declines [3][4] Investment Insights - Huatai Securities noted a rebound in A-shares driven by trading funds, with a tactical focus on sectors like storage, software, and insurance, while maintaining a strategic outlook on large financials, pharmaceuticals, and military industries [5] - The average price-to-earnings ratios for the Shanghai Composite and ChiNext indices are at 14.93 and 41.75 respectively, indicating a suitable environment for medium to long-term investments [5] - The Chinese economy is showing a moderate recovery, with consumption and investment as core drivers, supported by a favorable liquidity environment [5]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the impact of the "anti-involution" policy on various industries, including traditional cyclical goods, wind power, automotive, aquaculture, and logistics, leading to positive effects on advanced manufacturing sectors [1][5] - The AI industry is highlighted, with overseas capital expenditure exceeding expectations, driving an increase in AI agent penetration rates and improvements in the upstream PCB output and revenue [1][6] Key Points and Arguments Economic Indicators - In July, the profitability of industrial enterprises showed a rebound, with accounts receivable turnover days decreasing, indicating the effectiveness of the anti-involution policy at the macro level [1][7] - The overall industry and non-financial sector's prosperity index improved in July, particularly in finance, manufacturing, and TMT sectors, supported by favorable policies [3] Sector Performance - **Industrial Metals and Energy**: Prices for copper and aluminum rose significantly in July, while lithium resource prices showed signs of stabilization [5] - **Automotive Sector**: Strong sales and export data were reported, with new installations in wind power showing improved growth rates [5] - **Gaming Industry**: The number of approved domestic games remained high, with significant new releases expected in August, potentially catalyzing market activity [9] - **AI Industry**: The PCB output and revenue in Japan and Taiwan showed year-on-year growth, with the storage index increasing for five consecutive months [6][8] Specific Industry Trends - **Small Metals and Military Industry**: Prices for rare earths and tungsten have risen significantly, driven by improved demand from military and advanced manufacturing sectors [2][10] - **General Automation Equipment**: Production of machine tools, CNC devices, and robots saw a notable year-on-year increase, with good export data [4][11] - **Pharmaceutical Sector**: The sector is showing signs of recovery, with significant increases in industrial value-added and profit in June [4][12] - **Insurance Sector**: Both liability and investment logic have improved, with continuous growth in premium income [4][13] Additional Important Insights - The current market risk appetite remains high, with strong performances in the robotics and military sectors, driven by events and new product launches [15] - Recommendations for tactical allocations include storage, software, general automation, chemicals, insurance, and coal, while strategically favoring finance, military, and pharmaceuticals [14] - The market is exhibiting a "dumbbell" style, with small-cap stocks performing strongly [16] Market Dynamics - Retail investor funds are still showing a net outflow, although there was a slight increase in account openings in July [18] - Foreign capital outflows have slowed, with recent weeks showing slight net outflows [19] - The derivatives market indicates a moderate recovery, with stock index futures showing no strong bullish or bearish expectations [25] This summary encapsulates the key insights and trends discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of various industries and market dynamics.

Group 1 - The current market for small and micro-cap stocks needs to slow down, as high valuations and negative TTM profits make it difficult to justify further upward movement [2] - The five strong industry trends (non-ferrous metals, telecommunications, innovative pharmaceuticals, gaming, and military industry) have more reasonable valuations compared to the small and micro-cap stocks [2] - The main drivers of small and micro-cap stocks are liquidity and retail investor contributions, but their overall profit growth is not as strong as in 2015 [2] Group 2 - A rebound in A-shares was observed, driven by trading funds, with a focus on themes like dividends and small micro-cap stocks [3] - The two financing balance reached a nearly 10-year high, indicating that liquidity-driven market conditions may still have incremental support [3] - The PPI has shown signs of bottoming out, and the "anti-involution" policy is beginning to show effects, suggesting a stable economic outlook [3] Group 3 - July exports exceeded expectations, particularly in competitive manufacturing sectors like machinery, automobiles, and integrated circuits [4] - The PPI decline has stabilized, benefiting from price rebounds in sectors like black metals, non-ferrous metals, coal, and photovoltaics [4] - The basic economic fundamentals are showing a trend of steady improvement, with recommendations to focus on sectors with high growth or improvement in earnings [4] Group 4 - The two financing balance has risen above 2 trillion yuan, but remains at historical mid-levels compared to the peak in 2015 [5] - The market is expected to maintain a high volatility range, with a focus on sectors with strong earnings performance during the concentrated reporting period [5] - The "anti-involution" concept is anticipated to be a recurring theme in the market, alongside opportunities in growth sectors driven by AI and emerging industries [5] Group 5 - The current bull market atmosphere is not expected to dissipate easily, with potential mainline directions including domestic technological breakthroughs and competitive manufacturing sectors [6] - The market is likely to maintain its characteristics of sector rotation and high micro-level activity, with small-cap growth stocks continuing to outperform [6] - There are new opportunities for participation, particularly in event-driven individual stocks [6] Group 6 - Short-term upward movement in A-shares may face resistance, but the market remains in a bull market continuation phase [7] - The focus is on new low-level niche products in emerging sectors, with significant potential in areas like brain-computer interfaces and liquid cooling technologies [7] - The military sector is expected to have a short-term rally, with attention on new combat capabilities and military trade-related stocks [7] Group 7 - The current market rally is supported by various sources of incremental capital, with a notable increase in M1-M2 growth rates indicating enhanced liquidity [8] - The two financing balance reaching a 10-year high reflects a rising risk appetite among individual investors [8] - The focus on new technologies and growth directions, such as domestic computing power and robotics, is expected to drive future market trends [8] Group 8 - There is a divergence in judgment regarding the liquidity-driven bull market, with the potential for significant resident capital inflow into the stock market [9] - Historical patterns suggest that the initial phases of a bull market often see improvements in specific channels before broader participation [9] - The current market's rise is still modest compared to previous bull markets, indicating that concerns about a major downturn may be premature [9] Group 9 - The current market adjustment is seen as a structural shift rather than a peak in the broader cycle, with manageable index fluctuations [11] - The market is transitioning from traditional cyclical sectors to technology sectors, driven by policies similar to previous economic stimulus measures [11] - Continued focus on technology sectors, including AI and robotics, is recommended for future investment strategies [11]

Group 1 - The A-share market experienced a rebound driven by trading funds, with a notable increase in volatility expectations and a return to a "dumbbell" style focusing on dividends and small-cap stocks [1][2] - The margin trading balance reached a nearly 10-year high of 2 trillion yuan, indicating significant liquidity support for the market [2][3] - The number of public fund reports has shown signs of recovery, suggesting a potential shift of household savings into equity funds [2][3] Group 2 - The "anti-involution" policy is beginning to show results, with July's PPI year-on-year expected to rebound from its low point, although the extent of recovery will depend on policy effectiveness [3][4] - The macroeconomic indicators, such as improved profit margins for industrial enterprises and reduced accounts receivable turnover days, reflect positive impacts from the "anti-involution" measures [3][4] - Certain sectors, including wind power, automotive, logistics, and aquaculture, are experiencing a recovery in sentiment, indicating a broader improvement in economic conditions [3][4] Group 3 - External risks remain, particularly regarding tariff policies and Federal Reserve monetary policy, which could affect market sentiment and investment strategies [4][5] - The market is approaching a period of concentrated interim report disclosures, which may lead to increased volatility, but the downside risk is considered limited [5][6] - Tactical investment strategies are recommended to focus on sectors with improving sentiment and potential for rebound, such as storage, software, and certain chemical products [5][6]