从经济结构看，农林渔业GDP占比11.64%，工业和建筑业37.65%，服务业42.75%，产品税减去产 品补贴占7.96%。最终消费同比增长7.95%，资产积累增长8.68%，货物和服务出口增长16.27%，进口增 长17.12%。 劳动生产率按现行价格预计为2.45亿越盾/人（约9809美元/人，同比增加626美元）；按可比价格计 算，增长6.83%，主要源于劳动者技能水平提升。 阮表示，2026年，根据国会和政府的经济社会发展计划，各部门和地方必须集中指导，致力实现 GDP达到两位数增长目标，同时保持宏观经济稳定，控制通胀并保障经济大局平衡。这是一项重大挑 战，需要政府、企业和全体人民共同努力，有效实现经济社会发展目标，为今后几年强劲增长注入动 力。 （原标题：越南统计局：2025年全国GDP增长8.02%） 越通社1月5日报道，越南财政部统计局局长阮氏香在当日举行的2025年第四季度及全年经济社会统 计数据新闻发布会上表示，2025年，越南克服面临诸多困难和挑战，全年国内生产总值（GDP）同比增 长8.02%，达到国会和政府目标，仅低于2022年增长水平。按现行价格计算，2025年GDP规模约12.8 ...

（原标题：国际货币基金组织拟将加纳救助计划延长3个月） 据加纳"城市新闻"网12月25日报道，国际货币基金组织（IMF）提议将加纳的扩展信贷安排 （ECF）计划延长3个月。国际货币基金组织表示，需要延长该计划的期限，以便实施支撑该计划第6次 也是最后一次审查的各项改革。如果该提议获得通过，加纳的ECF计划（原定于2026年5月结束）将延 长至2026年8月。 尽管该计划取得了进展，但IMF对加纳的经济前景表示担忧。IMF表示，这些风险主要源于外部环 境的潜在恶化，特别是大宗商品价格波动，以及政策和改革失误造成的信心影响。IMF还警告称，加纳 全面债务重组的延误会带来额外的风险。加纳在区域冲突、反对恐怖主义、地缘经济分裂、大宗商品价 格波动以及贸易和投资冲击方面的脆弱性。国内政策的失误可能会破坏宏观经济稳定和债务可持续性， 使与外部债权人和发展伙伴的合作变得更加复杂。能源部门复苏计划实施的延迟可能需要额外的预算资 源，并可能引发电力和燃料供应中断。 IMF解释说，到2026年3月底，基本余额和非石油收入投资目标将进行调整，以适应宏观经济发 展。此外，预计2025年12月和2026年3月的MPCC区间将向下调整， ...

古巴辩论网12月18日报道，当日，古巴经济和计划部部长阿隆索在全国人 民政权代表大会第六次常会上宣布，2026年经济计划将在"管控危机、减轻经 济战影响、实现渐进复苏"原则下制定，设定推进宏观经济稳定、增加外汇收 入、提高国内食品生产与进口替代、深化国企改革、恢复国家电力系统及推动 科技创新等优先目标，按不变价格计算GDP预计增长约1%。 （原标题：古巴公布2026年经济计划） ...

加纳议会批准的2025年中期预算审查，该审查完全符合国际货币基金组织（IMF）的计划目标，并 承诺维持占GDP 1.5%的基本盈余目标。非石油收入（至少相当于GDP的0.6%）支撑了预算调整，而燃 油税上调所得（相当于GDP的0.2%）已被专项用于弥补能源部门的资金缺口。政府承诺和应付款项的 审计结果显著提升了政府的公信力。审计发现，688亿加纳塞地应付款项中有12.5%因文件和程序违规 而被取消资格，1726亿加纳塞地承诺款项中有6.4%被取消资格。 第五次评估显示，结构性改革进展喜忧参半，但总体呈改善趋势。此前评估中一些被推迟的指标现 已落实，包括一项针对国有银行的战略，该战略已于2025年9月交付实施；此外，纳税人登记和账簿数 据的清理工作也已完成。其他改革，如综合税务管理系统（ITAS），由于能力限制而重新分阶段实 施，关键组成部分预计将于2026年3月完成。尽管债务重组比以往评估中有所进展，但仍未完成。国际 货币基金组织警告称，任何延误或偏离已达成的重组条款都可能逆转近期在债务可持续性方面取得的成 果。迄今为止，加纳已通过官方债权人委员会（OCC）与捷克、英国、西班牙、法国、芬兰和德国等 国签署了双 ...

（原标题：加纳收紧央行贷款业务） 疫情期间，加纳银行向政府运营提供了大量财政支持，此举后来导致其资产负债表出现负资产，并 使加纳被国际资本市场拒之门外。 除了贷款限制外，修订后的法律还对加纳银行董事会成员提出了更严格的资格标准，并加强了审计 和报告要求，以提高透明度和问责制。它还为政府和中央银行在中期通胀目标方面更紧密的协调提供了 一个框架，旨在锚定价格预期，同时保持操作自主性。该法案允许在总统批准的情况下对加纳银行进行 资本重组，使其能够在不损害其独立性的前提下满足法定资本要求。 这些变革是加纳根据其国际货币基金组织支持计划所作承诺的一部分，该计划要求加强财政纪律， 限制中央银行融资，并进行旨在恢复宏观经济稳定的改革。 修订后的法律禁止加纳央行直接在初级市场购买政府债券，并将对国家的贷款限制在严格定义的紧 急情况下，实际上结束了多年来在财政压力时期中央银行的例行支持。 根据修订后的法案，加纳银行的紧急贷款现在仅限于不可抗力事件，包括自然灾害、公共卫生紧急 事件以及总统正式宣布的其他危机。任何用于弥补短期财政收入缺口的临时性预付款都必须严格控制在 一定范围内，并须有明确的还款期限，且需经议会批准。该法律还禁止 ...

对外部门表现强劲，出口同比增长77.5%，达935亿卢比，进口增长18.7%至6,094.5亿卢比。贸易逆差扩 大至5,159.6亿卢比，但出口占进口比重升至15.3%。侨汇同比增长31.4%，达6,871.3亿卢比，推动经常 账户实现 2,796.5亿卢比顺差，国际收支顺差3,184亿卢比。外汇储备增至3.06万亿卢比（约 215.2亿美 元），可覆盖17.4个月进口。财政方面，政府支出 4,688.8亿卢比，资本性支出同比下降26.7%；收入 3,265.5亿卢比。金融体系保持稳健，利率回落，但资本支出和私营部门信贷仍显不足。 尼泊尔央行数据显示，2025/26财年前四个月，尼泊尔宏观经济保持稳定并有所改善。通胀处于低位， 截至2025年11月中旬，消费者物价同比仅上涨1.11%，远低于去年同期的5.60%；食品价格下降3.32%， 平均通胀率为1.53%。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Ghanaian government has set robust macroeconomic targets for the 2026 fiscal year and the medium term (2026-2029), focusing on sustainable growth and fiscal management [1] Economic Growth Targets - The government aims for an average real GDP growth of 4.9% over the medium term, with non-oil sector growth around 5.0% to promote economic diversification [1] - For the 2026 fiscal year, the real GDP growth target is set at no less than 4.8%, and non-oil GDP growth is targeted at a minimum of 4.9% [1] Inflation and Fiscal Surplus Goals - The inflation rate is targeted to be maintained within a range of 8% ± 2% [1] - The government plans to achieve a primary fiscal surplus equivalent to 1.5% of GDP starting in 2026 to strengthen fiscal health [1] External Reserves and Investor Confidence - The budget includes a plan to maintain international reserves at a level sufficient to cover at least three months of import expenses, aimed at enhancing external buffers, stabilizing the local currency, and boosting investor confidence [1] Budget Deficit Improvement - The budget deficit target for 2026 is set at 2%, showing an improvement compared to 2025 [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening the fiscal and tax system reform in China as a fundamental requirement for achieving high-quality development and advancing the modernization of the country [2][3][4]. Group 1: Significance of Fiscal and Tax Reform - Deepening fiscal and tax system reform is crucial for modernizing the national governance system and enhancing governance capabilities [2]. - The reform is seen as a key measure to address the changing social contradictions and the increasing public demand for economic efficiency, green development, social equity, and regional balance [3][4]. - The establishment of a modern fiscal system is essential for ensuring stable financial support for government activities and optimizing resource allocation [2][3]. Group 2: Economic Context and Challenges - China's GDP for 2024 is projected to be 134.91 trillion yuan, with the secondary and tertiary industries accounting for 36.5% and 56.7% of GDP, respectively [3]. - The fiscal system faces challenges such as income distribution disparities and the need for a more equitable tax system to support common prosperity [6]. - The aging population is expected to reach 22% by the end of 2024, necessitating adjustments in the fiscal operation model to accommodate demographic changes [6]. Group 3: Principles for Reform - The reform should enhance fiscal sustainability, ensuring stable revenue to support necessary government expenditures [7]. - Improving economic efficiency is vital, with a focus on reducing resource misallocation and promoting high-quality economic development [7]. - Maintaining social equity through tax system optimization and increased investment in education, healthcare, and social security is essential [8]. Group 4: Key Focus Areas for Implementation - Establishing a comprehensive, transparent, and scientifically standardized budget system is critical for effective governance and resource allocation [9]. - Reforming the tax system to adapt to new economic realities, including the digital economy, is necessary for maintaining fiscal health [10]. - Strengthening the fiscal relationship between central and local governments to alleviate financial pressures on local authorities is a priority [11].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report indicates that 73% of members of the OICCI believe Pakistan is a viable destination for foreign direct investment, an increase from 61% in 2023 [1] - The improvement in foreign investor confidence is attributed to the stabilization of Pakistan's macroeconomic environment, with inflation decreasing from 37% in mid-2023 to 4% by July 2025, and a stable exchange rate of the rupee [1] - The report highlights that 35% of respondents currently prioritize Pakistan as a new foreign direct investment destination, up from 24% two years ago [1] Group 2 - The OICCI members suggest enhancing Pakistan's digital and regulatory frameworks, increasing human capital investment, and diversifying industrial growth to reduce reliance on the IT sector [2] - Foreign direct investment inflows for the fiscal years 2022-2023, 2023-2024, and 2024-2025 are reported at $2.568 billion, $3.166 billion, and $4.280 billion respectively, showing a year-on-year increase [2] - The report notes that while the investment environment has improved, challenges such as high business costs and complex tax processes remain, necessitating ongoing reforms by the government [3]

Group 1 - The State Bank of Pakistan has maintained the policy interest rate at 11%, marking the fourth consecutive time the rate has remained unchanged since it was adjusted from 12% in May 2023 [8] - The World Bank's report indicates that Pakistan's economy is expected to grow by 3% by the end of the fiscal year 2024, driven by a rebound in industrial activity and expansion in the services sector [9] - A survey by the Overseas Investors Chamber of Commerce and Industry shows that 73% of its members view Pakistan as a viable destination for foreign direct investment, up from 61% in 2023, attributed to macroeconomic stability and declining inflation [9] Group 2 - The Pakistani Ministry of Finance forecasts an inflation rate of 5%-6% by October 2025, influenced by supply disruptions and temporary border closures due to recent floods, which caused losses of 430 billion PKR in the agricultural sector [9] - The Green Climate Fund has approved $250 million for the "From Glaciers to Farmlands" project, aimed at building resilient water and agricultural systems in glacier-dependent communities in Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and Pakistan [10] - The total profit of listed banks in Pakistan reached 170 billion PKR in Q3 2025, an 8% year-on-year increase, with net interest income growing by 6% driven by significant increases from major banks [10]