新华社北京7月29日电 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责 任制规定（试行）》，并发出通知，要求各地区各部门认真遵照执行。 《地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制规定（试行）》全文如下。 地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制规定（试行） （四）坚持以人民为中心，加快解决人民群众反映强烈的突出生态环境问题，做到生态惠民、生态利 民、生态为民； （五）坚持激励和约束并重，健全精准科学的追责机制，激励干部敢于担当、积极作为。 （2025年7月18日中共中央批准 2025年7月18日中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅发布） 第一章 总 则 第一条 为了坚持和加强党对生态文明建设的全面领导，健全落实生态环境保护责任制，根据有关党内 法规和法律，制定本规定。 第二条 本规定适用于县级以上地方党委和政府领导班子成员、生态环境部门和承担重要生态环境保护 职责的部门负责人（以下统称地方党政领导干部）。 乡镇（街道）、各类开发区领导班子成员落实生态环境保护责任制，参照本规定执行。 第三条 实行地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制，坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指 导，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念， ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the Central Ecological Environment Protection Supervision System is a significant institutional innovation initiated by President Xi Jinping, aimed at enhancing ecological civilization and solidifying the theoretical and practical experiences into a formal regulatory framework through the newly issued "Regulations on Ecological Environment Protection Supervision" [1][2]. Group 1: Political Responsibility and Leadership - The supervision system emphasizes the political attributes of ecological supervision, reinforcing the political responsibility of ecological civilization construction, and ensuring the Party's leadership in this area [2]. - The introduction of the new regulations aims to unify thoughts and actions across various regions and departments with the central government's decisions, enhancing the Party's capacity to lead ecological civilization [2]. Group 2: People-Centric Approach - The supervision work focuses on addressing prominent ecological and environmental issues affecting the public, such as air pollution and water contamination, ensuring that the benefits of ecological civilization are shared by the people [3]. - Over the past decade, the supervision has completed two rounds of full coverage and handled over 340,000 public environmental complaints, demonstrating significant achievements in improving environmental quality [3]. Group 3: Systematic Perspective - The supervision system adopts a systematic approach, integrating ecological protection with high-quality development and major regional strategies, ensuring coordinated development of the economy and the environment [4]. - The new regulations highlight the importance of a systematic view in promoting ecological civilization, focusing on comprehensive governance and the integration of various ecological elements [4]. Group 4: Legal and Institutional Framework - The supervision system relies on strict legal frameworks to protect the environment, emphasizing accountability and the rule of law in ecological governance [5][6]. - The regulations outline the importance of adhering to laws and regulations, ensuring that ecological supervision is conducted in a precise, objective, and fair manner [6]. Group 5: Innovation and Adaptation - The supervision system is committed to continuous innovation and adaptation to meet the evolving challenges of ecological civilization, ensuring its relevance and effectiveness [7]. - The system incorporates advanced technologies such as big data and remote sensing to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of supervision efforts [7].

Core Points - The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental strategy for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, emphasized by the central leadership since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China [1][4][22] - The publication of "Selected Works on Ecological Civilization by Xi Jinping" reflects the rich connotation and scientific system of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, which is crucial for promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [1][2][8] Group 1 - Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought addresses major theoretical and practical issues in the new era, promoting innovation in ecological civilization theory, practice, and systems [2][4] - The thought emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization in the overall layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics, highlighting the need for a beautiful China [4][5] - The thought integrates Marxist principles with traditional Chinese ecological culture, providing a comprehensive understanding of ecological civilization [9][10] Group 2 - The ecological civilization construction has undergone historical, transformative, and comprehensive changes since the 18th National Congress, achieving significant results under Xi Jinping's leadership [7][18] - The thought outlines the core concepts and strategic paths for ecological civilization construction, emphasizing the relationship between economic development and environmental protection [13][19] - It stresses the importance of a systematic approach and institutional guarantees for ecological civilization construction, advocating for strict laws and regulations to protect the environment [14][15] Group 3 - The thought calls for a collective effort in building a beautiful China, promoting global sustainable development, and fostering a shared ecological consciousness among the populace [16][22] - It highlights the need to address five major relationships in ecological civilization construction, including high-quality development versus high-level protection [19][20] - The strategic tasks and major initiatives for advancing the construction of a beautiful China are outlined, focusing on green and low-carbon development [21][22]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the progress and new initiatives in ecological civilization construction in China, emphasizing the importance of the "Green Mountains and Clear Water are Gold and Silver Mountains" concept, which marks its 20th anniversary this year [1]. Group 1: Ecological Civilization Construction - Since 2017, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has named 572 ecological civilization demonstration zones and 240 "Green Mountains and Clear Water are Gold and Silver Mountains" practice innovation bases [1]. - The ecological environment quality has "significantly improved," with demonstration zones generally ranking among the best in air and water quality within their provinces [1]. - Nearly half of the "Two Mountains" bases have reached an "excellent" ecological status, indicating a strengthening of ecological foundations [2]. Group 2: Green Development and Transformation Paths - Green development is "continuously leading," with regions focusing on dual carbon goals, transitioning from energy consumption control to carbon emission control, and achieving leading levels in energy consumption and carbon emission intensity per unit GDP across provinces [1][2]. - The article outlines three transformation paths for turning ecological advantages into economic benefits: "Protect Green for Gold," "Gather Green into Gold," and "Borrow Green to Generate Gold," along with seven transformation models including ecological compensation, ecological agriculture, ecological tourism, and ecological finance [2]. Group 3: New Selection and Management Procedures - The selection cycle for ecological civilization demonstration projects has been extended from one year to three years, aiming to reduce frequency and control quantity, thereby enhancing the "gold content" of the projects [3]. - New requirements for the selection process include optimizing indicators, with city-level indicators focusing more on comprehensive construction effectiveness and county-level indicators emphasizing task implementation and rural environmental improvement [2][3]. - The management regulations for ecological civilization demonstration projects have been revised to simplify procedures, shifting from "planning-led" to "indicator-oriented," effectively reducing the burden on grassroots levels [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful implementation of the river chief system in Xinzhou City, which has significantly improved the ecological environment of local rivers and lakes, showcasing a model for ecological governance in China [1][2][3]. Group 1: Implementation of River Chief System - Xinzhou City initiated the river chief system in late 2016, establishing a comprehensive governance framework that evolved from mere existence to effective management [1][2]. - The "dual chief" system was introduced in 2019, where the top leaders of the party and government oversee river management, transforming it from a departmental responsibility to a political one [2][3]. - A total of 2,734 river chiefs have been appointed at various levels, ensuring thorough coverage and accountability for river management [2][3]. Group 2: Innovative Mechanisms and Practices - The city has developed a "ten-item work system" that includes regular inspections and a clear accountability framework, leading to over 100,000 inspections and a 96.3% rectification rate for identified issues [3][4]. - A collaborative mechanism involving ten departments has been established, enhancing the effectiveness of river management through joint inspections and legal actions against violators [4][5]. - The introduction of "smart river patrols" using remote monitoring and drones has modernized the oversight process, improving the efficiency of ecological governance [4][5]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration and Management - Xinzhou City has delineated management boundaries for 157 rivers and 3 lakes, addressing previous ambiguities in river management [5][6]. - The "one river (lake) one policy" approach has been adopted, focusing on specific restoration strategies for different water bodies, leading to significant improvements in water quality and ecological health [6][7]. - The city has successfully cleaned up over 120,000 cubic meters of waste and restored 774.3 acres of obstructive vegetation, laying a solid foundation for sustainable river management [6][7]. Group 4: Community Involvement and Long-term Sustainability - Community engagement has increased, with local residents actively participating in river protection initiatives, transforming the perception of river management from a government-led effort to a community responsibility [8]. - The city has established a 24-hour reporting hotline for environmental issues, encouraging public involvement in ecological governance [8]. - Ongoing efforts include addressing historical pollution issues and enhancing public awareness of environmental protection, ensuring long-term sustainability of river ecosystems [8].

Core Insights - The bee industry in China is a vital link between ecological protection and economic development, with a focus on sustainable practices and high-quality production [1][2][3] Group 1: Industry Overview - China is the world's largest beekeeping country, with a significant focus on ecological protection and sustainable development [1] - Qinshi County in Shanxi Province has been a leader in beekeeping for over 30 years, showcasing a thriving industry that contributes to local ecological civilization [1][2] Group 2: Ecological and Economic Synergy - The practice of forest-based beekeeping in Qinshi County utilizes rich biodiversity and abundant nectar sources, promoting both ecological health and economic benefits for local farmers [2] - Policies supporting the bee industry have been in place since 2011, focusing on standardization, quality improvement, and ecological protection [2][3] Group 3: Technological Innovation - Recent technological advancements in beekeeping, including digital and smart beekeeping techniques, have significantly improved efficiency and product quality while enhancing ecological protection [3] - The establishment of a digitalized service system for bee products has facilitated better management and marketing, contributing to the industry's growth [3] Group 4: Future Prospects - Qinshi County is transitioning from a coal-dominated economy to one focused on ecological sustainability, with over 2 million acres of nectar resources being revitalized [3] - The integration of ecological civilization into all aspects of economic and social development is expected to yield significant benefits for the local community [3]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of the national standard GB/T 35795 for fully biodegradable agricultural ground cover films is significantly promoting the production, application, and regulation of biodegradable films in China, contributing to agricultural green development and soil environmental protection [3][4]. Group 1: Current Status and Application - The annual coverage area of biodegradable films in China has approached 3 million acres, with applications across more than 20 provinces, covering various crops such as corn, tomatoes, and rice [1]. - The use of biodegradable films has effectively addressed residual film pollution and increased crop yields, particularly benefiting root crops and rice by reducing costs associated with herbicides [1][2]. Group 2: Industry Development and Support - The biodegradable film industry has received strong support from multiple government departments, leading to significant advancements in application experience and pollution management [2]. - The annual usage of agricultural films in China exceeds 1.45 million tons, with a total covered land area of 250 million acres since the promotion of film usage in the 1980s [1]. Group 3: Standard Implementation and Innovation - The implementation of the GB/T 35795 standard has led to rapid growth in the promotion area of biodegradable films, transitioning from pilot projects to large-scale applications, especially in northern arid regions [3]. - The standard has driven continuous innovation in materials and production processes, establishing a comprehensive innovation system from raw material synthesis to end-use applications [3]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - Some challenges have been identified in the standard's implementation, including the need for better alignment with international standards and the establishment of traceability to combat counterfeit products [4]. - A revision plan for the standard has been approved, with discussions ongoing to refine various aspects, including technical indicators and testing methods, aiming for a draft for public consultation by mid-August [4].

Core Viewpoint - The publication of "Selected Works on Ecological Civilization" serves as a guiding framework for systematic reforms and provides fundamental guidance for theoretical and practical innovations in ecological civilization construction [1][4][8] Main Content - The "Selected Works" compiles 79 key writings by General Secretary Xi Jinping on ecological civilization from December 2012 to April 2025, forming a comprehensive theoretical system from concept establishment to institutional arrangements and international cooperation [1][5][6] - It emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization in the overall national development strategy, highlighting its role in achieving sustainable development and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation [5][10] Significant Implications - The thoughts expressed in the "Selected Works" are integral to Xi Jinping's New Era Socialist Thought with Chinese Characteristics and represent significant theoretical advancements in the 21st century regarding the relationship between humans and nature [1][9] - It provides a concrete action guide for achieving ecological goals in the context of Chinese-style modernization, emphasizing the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature [10][11] Learning Methodology - A thorough reading of the "Selected Works" is essential for understanding its core principles, with a focus on key content and timely updates to maintain relevance [1][14][15] - Emphasizing a problem-oriented approach will facilitate deeper learning and practical application of the theories presented in the "Selected Works" [16][17]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the dedication of a couple, Sun Jinhe and Liu Lanxiang, who serve as guardians of the ecological environment and border security in a remote area of Inner Mongolia, showcasing their commitment to protecting the original forest and maintaining the region's ecological balance [1][4]. Group 1: Location and Conditions - Qiqian Village is located in the Daxing'anling region, surrounded by mountains and adjacent to the Eerguna River, characterized by extreme weather conditions with summer temperatures reaching 30°C during the day and dropping below 10°C at night, while winter temperatures can fall below -50°C [2][3]. Group 2: Roles and Responsibilities - Sun Jinhe, born in 1970, has been a forest ranger and border guard for 26 years, responsible for patrolling the largest undeveloped original forest area in China and ensuring border security [3][4]. - The couple's daily tasks include forest patrols, fire prevention checks, and monitoring the border, with Sun Jinhe emphasizing the importance of their roles in maintaining ecological and border security [3][4]. Group 3: Living Conditions and Challenges - Since 2019, Sun Jinhe has been the sole guardian at the management center, leading to a lifestyle of year-round commitment without breaks, prompting the couple to relocate to the center [4]. - The couple faces significant challenges, including unreliable electricity, lack of clean water, and the need to manage limited supplies due to their remote location [4]. Group 4: Adaptation and Technology - Liu Lanxiang has adapted to the harsh living conditions, taking on responsibilities to maintain the center's temperature and manage resources effectively [4]. - The couple combines traditional patrolling methods with modern technologies like drones and infrared monitoring to enhance their conservation efforts [7].

（一） 时代的发展轴上，总有一些关键节点，为我们标注方位、指引方向。 2023年7月，习近平总书记时隔一年再次来川视察，对推动新时代治蜀兴川再上新台阶作出重要指示，赋予四川建设"两 高地两基地一屏障"和尽快成为带动西部高质量发展的重要增长极和新的动力源的使命任务。 在四川视察时，习近平总书记提出，希望四川"在推进科技创新和科技成果转化上同时发力，在建设现代化产业体系上 精准发力，在推进乡村振兴上全面发力，在筑牢长江黄河上游生态屏障上持续发力"，这是悉心指导，也是殷殷嘱托。 两年，不仅是时间的刻度，更是奋斗者的刻度。国家战略中的四川担当、改革发展中的四川探索、民生实事里的四川温 度……乘势而上、全力奋进，四川交出一份高质量发展的答卷。 （二） 把握战略定位，才能找准发力点。习近平总书记提出的"四个发力"重若千钧，不仅指明四川干什么、怎么干的路径，也 让四川更加深刻理解——经济大省何以挑大梁。 科技创新和科技成果转化是一项战略课题，向"新"而行的四川勇于破题、全力解题。例如，推进全省"1＋N"中试研发平 台体系建设，是"同时发力"的一个生动解法。为加速打通从实验室迈向应用场的堵点卡点，推动科技成果尽快转化为现实生 ...