Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of local legislation in supporting the overall development and stability of the country, guided by Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era [1][2] - Local People's Congresses have actively played their legislative roles since the 18th National Congress, enhancing legislative quality and creating a new landscape for local legislation [1][2] Group 2 - The emphasis is placed on understanding the decisive significance of the "two establishments" and the "two safeguards," enhancing political consciousness in implementing Xi Jinping's legal thought [2] - Local legislation should align with the strategic planning of the central government, focusing on key areas, emerging fields, and foreign-related legislation to improve the legal system [2] - The compilation of the ecological environment code is highlighted as a major legal construction initiative, aiming to reflect the achievements of ecological civilization and ensure the code is systematic and coordinated [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of local legislation in supporting the overall development of the party and the country, guided by Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era [1][2] - Local People's Congresses have actively engaged in legislative functions, enhancing legislative quality and creating a new landscape for local legislation since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China [1][2] Group 2 - The need to deepen understanding of the "two establishments" and "two safeguards" is highlighted, aiming to enhance political consciousness and action in implementing Xi Jinping's legal thought [2] - Local legislation should align with the strategic planning of the central government, focusing on key areas, emerging fields, and foreign-related legislation to improve the legal system [2] - The compilation of the ecological environment code is identified as a significant legal construction task, requiring adherence to Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought and legal thought [2]

Core Viewpoint - The public consultation for the "Ecological Environment Code (Draft)" has garnered significant attention, with 61 suggestions submitted, reflecting a strong societal interest in the legislative process [1][5]. Group 1: Public Participation - The consultation period from April 30 to June 13 saw the establishment of a dedicated column for public input, leading to a diverse range of contributions from various stakeholders [1][5]. - The submissions included insights from environmental law experts, judicial and enforcement personnel, environmental NGOs, lawyers, and concerned citizens, indicating a broad participation base [4]. Group 2: Focus Areas of Suggestions - The majority of the 61 submissions focused on key sections of the draft, with 13 on general principles, 10 on pollution prevention, and 38 on legal responsibilities and supplementary provisions, highlighting a concentration on legal accountability [3][4]. - Many suggestions came from grassroots enforcement personnel, emphasizing practical concerns regarding the implementation of legal responsibilities and the usability of legal texts [4]. Group 3: Characteristics of Suggestions - The suggestions are characterized by their focus on critical, challenging, and trending issues, such as the coordination of responsibilities across multiple laws and the prevention of inconsistent penalties [4]. - A significant portion of the feedback was provided by legal experts in the ecological environment field, offering detailed analyses and constructive amendments to specific legal concepts and wording [4]. Group 4: Future Actions - The collected suggestions have been compiled into a report for the National People's Congress Standing Committee, demonstrating the commitment to incorporating public input into the legislative process [5]. - The column for gathering suggestions will continue to operate, ensuring ongoing engagement and refinement of the draft code [5].

Core Viewpoint - The draft of the ecological environment code is currently open for public consultation, aiming to enhance the legal framework for ecological environment protection in China [1][2]. Summary by Relevant Sections Legislative Achievements - The ecological environment legislation has made significant progress, with over 30 effective laws and more than 100 administrative regulations currently in place, along with around 1,000 local regulations [1]. Highlights of the Draft Code - **Continuity**: The draft retains effective institutional measures that have been validated through practice, ensuring stability in core areas such as environmental impact assessments and pollution prevention [1]. - **Practicality**: The draft addresses management challenges, such as strengthening the oversight of third-party monitoring agencies to improve data quality [2]. - **Systematic Approach**: It removes redundant and contradictory clauses from existing laws, enhancing the overall coherence and coordination of the legal system [2]. - **Innovation**: The draft elevates certain reform measures, like ecological zoning and environmental damage compensation, to the level of legal provisions [2]. - **Forward-looking**: It includes provisions for emerging areas, such as climate change, which currently lack specific legal frameworks, laying the groundwork for future legislation [2]. Implementation Post-Publication - Following the enactment of the code, it will replace the existing Environmental Protection Law and unify the ecological environment legal framework, leading to the repeal of 10 existing laws [2][3]. - The ecological environment department will conduct a comprehensive review and upgrade of supporting regulations to align with the new code, ensuring consistency and compliance [3]. - There will be a push for supplementary legislation in emerging fields like climate change and green low-carbon development, which currently lack dedicated laws [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of legal norms and guarantees in ecological and environmental protection, highlighting the Ministry of Ecology and Environment's efforts in legislative promotion and standard upgrades [1] - The compilation of the Ecological Environment Code is a milestone in China's environmental legislation, with the draft being reviewed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress [1][2] - The implementation of the "Interim Regulations on Carbon Emission Trading Management" provides a clear legal basis for the carbon market, promoting its healthy development [1] Group 2 - The draft Ecological Environment Code consists of 1,188 articles and approximately 160,000 words, featuring five highlights including continuity, responsiveness, systematization, innovation, and foresight [2] - The Ministry has released a total of 3,040 national ecological environment standards, with 2,486 currently effective, as part of its standard optimization and upgrade efforts [3] - Since the reform of the ecological environment damage compensation system began, approximately 55,100 cases have been handled nationwide, involving compensation amounts exceeding 33 billion [3]

Core Viewpoint - The compilation of the Ecological Environment Code is a significant milestone in China's environmental legislation history, marking a major political and legislative task determined by the central government [1][6]. Group 1: Legislative Progress - The Ecological Environment Code draft consists of 1,188 articles and approximately 160,000 words, currently open for public consultation [1]. - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment emphasizes the importance of incorporating feedback from various stakeholders, including local environmental departments, experts, and the public [1]. Group 2: Key Highlights of the Draft - The draft maintains continuity by preserving effective institutional measures from existing laws, such as environmental impact assessments and pollution prevention [3]. - It addresses practical challenges faced by local enforcement agencies, granting independent enforcement authority to county-level environmental bureaus, thereby enhancing enforcement efficiency [3]. - The draft strengthens oversight of third-party monitoring agencies and sets requirements for key personnel in environmental assessment institutions to improve the quality of assessment documents [3][5]. Group 3: Systematic Integration - The draft eliminates redundant and contradictory provisions from existing laws, enhancing the systematization, integrity, and coordination of environmental legal frameworks [4]. - Several reform measures have been elevated to legal status, including unified ecological environment supervision and ecological damage compensation systems [5]. Group 4: Future Legislative Actions - The Ministry plans to comprehensively clean up and upgrade supporting regulations to align with the new code, ensuring consistency across environmental laws [6][7]. - The draft includes nearly 50 instances where the State Council or the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is authorized to develop specific regulations, indicating a proactive approach to legislative updates [7]. - The Ministry will also focus on supplementary legislation for emerging areas, such as climate change, to establish a legal foundation for future developments [7].

Core Viewpoint - The draft of the Ecological Environment Code addresses critical issues in management practices, enhancing the enforcement efficiency at the grassroots level [1][2]. Group 1: Legislative Developments - The Ecological Environment Code has been submitted for review by the National People's Congress Standing Committee and is currently open for public consultation [1]. - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment aims to comprehensively clean up and upgrade the supporting systems to improve the ecological environment legal framework [1][5]. - The compilation of the Ecological Environment Code is considered a significant milestone in China's environmental legislation history [1]. Group 2: Key Features of the Draft - The draft retains effective institutional measures that have been validated through practice, maintaining core content from existing laws on ecological impact assessments and pollution prevention [1]. - It addresses management challenges by granting independent enforcement authority to county-level ecological environment bureaus, resolving the issue of visibility in management [1][2]. - The draft strengthens the regulation of third-party monitoring agencies to improve the quality of monitoring data and addresses issues of fraud in environmental assessment institutions [2]. Group 3: Systematic Integration - The draft enhances the systematic nature of the legal framework by removing redundant and contradictory clauses from existing laws, promoting overall coherence and coordination [2]. - It elevates certain reform measures to legal status, such as unified ecological environment supervision and damage compensation [2]. Group 4: Future Directions - The draft includes provisions for emerging fields, such as climate change, which currently lack specific legal regulations, laying the groundwork for future legislation [2]. - Following the implementation of the Ecological Environment Code, many existing environmental laws will be repealed, prompting a reevaluation of ecological management directions [3].

Core Viewpoint - The draft of the "Ecological Environment Code of the People's Republic of China" was submitted for review, consisting of five parts and a total of 1188 articles, aiming to systematically integrate and enhance existing ecological environment laws [4][6]. Summary by Sections General Principles - The General Principles section outlines important legal principles and foundational laws that govern other sections, comprising 9 chapters and 143 articles. It includes provisions on standards and monitoring, environmental impact assessments, ecological protection compensation, and responses to sudden ecological events [8][7]. Pollution Prevention - The Pollution Prevention section integrates and optimizes existing laws related to air, water, soil, solid waste, noise, and radioactive pollution, divided into 9 sub-sections and 525 articles. It covers specific regulations for air, water, marine, soil, solid waste, noise, and radioactive pollution prevention [10][11]. Ecological Protection - The Ecological Protection section shifts from a single-element protection approach to a systematic protection philosophy, consisting of 7 chapters and 265 articles. It addresses ecosystem protection, sustainable resource use, species protection, and ecological restoration [13][12]. Green and Low-Carbon Development - The Green and Low-Carbon Development section focuses on establishing legal frameworks for critical areas related to ecological protection, comprising 4 chapters and 113 articles [15][14]. Legal Responsibilities and Appendices - The Legal Responsibilities and Appendices section sets comprehensive and strict legal responsibilities based on the provisions of the other sections, including 3 chapters and 142 articles. It addresses general rules, penalties, and additional provisions [17][16].

Core Points - The draft of the Ecological Environment Code marks a significant step in the compilation of environmental laws in China, integrating over 30 existing laws and numerous regulations into a comprehensive framework [2][3] Group 1: Key Highlights - The draft emphasizes a people-centered approach, aiming to address local ecological issues that affect citizens directly, with a focus on public health and environmental rights [3][4] - New regulations are introduced to prevent pollution at the source, particularly addressing issues like cooking fumes, odor, and construction noise, by enhancing planning and zoning measures [5] - A separate chapter on green and low-carbon development reflects China's commitment to its dual carbon goals and high-quality development strategies [6][7] Group 2: New Areas of Focus - The draft includes provisions for the management of new pollutants such as chemical substances, electromagnetic radiation, and light pollution, addressing emerging environmental risks [8][9] - It grants independent enforcement powers to county-level environmental agencies, enhancing local governance and accountability in environmental protection [10][11] Group 3: Legislative Improvements - The draft strengthens regulations on mobile source pollution, including engines and railway locomotives, to improve oversight of emissions from vehicles [12][13] - It introduces unified penalties for third-party environmental monitoring agencies that engage in fraudulent practices, addressing gaps in current enforcement mechanisms [14][15] Group 4: Addressing Conflicts and Enhancing Enforcement - The draft standardizes penalties for non-compliance across various environmental laws, improving clarity and consistency in enforcement [16] - It adjusts penalties for individuals involved in hazardous waste activities, aiming to enhance legal applicability and enforcement efficiency [17][18] Group 5: Responding to New Challenges - New regulations are established for the management of construction waste and the disposal of retired renewable energy products, addressing contemporary waste management challenges [19] - A dedicated chapter for responding to sudden ecological events is included, aiming to improve the legal framework for emergency environmental management [20]

Group 1 - The National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee has passed the Private Economy Promotion Law, which aims to promote the development of the private economy by ensuring equal treatment, fair competition, and protection of rights [2] - The law includes provisions on market access, resource guarantees, standardized operations, service support, and rights protection, contributing to the establishment of a high-level socialist market economy [2] - The NPC is also working on compiling an ecological environment code, which reflects the principles of ecological civilization and aims to ensure sustainable environmental development [2][3] Group 2 - The newly revised Infectious Disease Prevention Law provides a more comprehensive legal framework for enhancing public health risk management and disease prevention [3] - The NPC has conducted reviews of various legislative drafts, including the Atomic Energy Law and the Arbitration Law, emphasizing the importance of thorough research and improvement of these drafts [3] - The NPC is focused on deepening ecological civilization reforms and improving environmental quality, as well as enhancing supervision of state asset management [3][4]