Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the potential benefits and risks associated with the development of USD stablecoins, particularly their role in enhancing transaction efficiency and potentially promoting dollarization, which could have significant economic implications [1][2][3][4]. Group 1: USD Stablecoins - USD stablecoins are expected to improve transaction and remittance efficiency, as well as stimulate purchases of other assets, including digital and crypto assets [3][4]. - The emergence of USD stablecoins may further drive the phenomenon of dollarization, which is already observed in Central America and some transitioning economies [3][4]. - The article warns that dollarization can have various adverse effects on economies, and it is crucial to assess its implications for countries not currently facing high inflation or debt issues [4]. Group 2: Global Monetary Policy Coordination - The current global economic environment shows insufficient growth momentum, necessitating countries to consider global financial stability while pursuing their monetary policy goals [7]. - There is a need for enhanced communication and research among monetary authorities to achieve greater international consensus on monetary policy coordination [7][8]. - The article highlights the lack of established rules for global monetary policy coordination, with no dedicated institution, tools, or consensus currently in place [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the urgent need for global monetary policy coordination in the context of rising inflation, high debt, and increasing international trade frictions, which are reshaping global supply chains and economic growth dynamics [1][2]. Group 1: Challenges in Global Monetary Policy Coordination - Significant differences in macroeconomic conditions among countries lead to a "self-governing" approach to monetary policy, complicating unified macroeconomic control [2]. - The spillover effects of major economies' monetary policies are increasingly impacting global economic patterns, with potential for rapid transmission through financial crises [2][3]. - The uncertainty surrounding U.S. tariff policies exacerbates global economic instability, affecting confidence in the U.S. dollar and U.S. Treasury securities [3]. Group 2: The Role of Alternative Currencies and Market Integration - In light of declining confidence in the U.S. dollar and Treasury securities, there is a call to develop alternative currency support systems, with China’s role being particularly highlighted [4]. - Europe is urged to address its strategic vulnerabilities by creating a more integrated market, such as a unified European debt market, to provide reliable investment alternatives to U.S. Treasuries [4]. Group 3: Factors Influencing Central Bank Policies - Central banks must consider multiple factors, including geopolitical tensions, climate change, and technological advancements, which pose significant challenges to their policy objectives [5][6]. - The need for enhanced communication and coordination among central banks is emphasized to stabilize inflation expectations and address emerging risks [6]. Group 4: Institutional Framework for Coordination - There is a lack of a formal institution to coordinate global macroeconomic or monetary policies, with existing platforms like the IMF facing limitations in their decision-making processes [7]. - Suggestions include enhancing the G20's mechanisms and possibly establishing a dedicated monetary policy department to improve the effectiveness of global policy coordination [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of the U.S. tariff policy on global economic stability and the need for coordinated monetary policies among countries to mitigate risks and foster a favorable financial environment for global economic growth [1][2][4]. Group 1: Impact of U.S. Tariff Policy - The U.S. government's significant increase in tariffs has caused major disruptions to the global economic order, affecting investment and consumption decisions worldwide, and increasing financial market volatility [2][3]. - The uncertainty stemming from U.S. tariffs has led to pressure on traditionally safe assets, prompting central banks to focus on medium-term goals to ensure financial market stability [3][5]. - The tariff policy undermines the global multilateral trade system, leading to widespread uncertainty and potentially restructuring global trade patterns, which could adversely affect macroeconomic conditions in various countries [3][4]. Group 2: Need for Monetary Policy Coordination - Strengthening coordination of monetary policies among countries is essential to effectively respond to tariff shocks and maintain financial stability [4][5]. - The current state of global monetary policy coordination is lacking, with no single institution responsible for overseeing it, and a need for more research and consensus-building [6]. - Major central banks should utilize tools like currency swap agreements to provide sufficient liquidity in times of uncertainty and crisis [5][6]. Group 3: Future of the International Monetary System - The weakening of the dollar's credibility due to rising U.S. fiscal deficits and trade protectionism suggests a shift towards a more diversified international monetary system [7][8]. - The internationalization of currencies like the renminbi and euro is seen as a step towards reducing reliance on the dollar and promoting a competitive environment among major currencies [7][8]. - The potential establishment of a platform by the IMF for issuing a supranational currency based on central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) is proposed as a way to enhance the stability of the global monetary system [7][8].

如何应对不确定性与货币体系变革？ 当前，全球经济面临高度不确定性。国际货币基金组织（IMF）4月预测显示，2025年全球经济增长可能由2024年的3.3%放缓至2.8%。若全球贸易转向更高 关税框架，IMF进一步预测2025年增长率或仅为1.7%，增幅显著承压。与此同时，全球高债务状况亦遭受严重冲击。在此背景下，通胀风险已成为普遍关 切。 （摄影：吴军） 无机构、无工具、无共识 当前全球货币政策格局呈现显著分化与多重失衡。新兴市场面临资本流动加速、货币贬值和贸易不确定性等多重压力，而发达经济体则需在抑制通胀、支持 增长和防范债务风险间寻求平衡。在此背景下，货币政策目标多元化，各国政策分歧加剧。 在十二届全国政协副主席、中国人民银行原行长周小川看来，当前全球宏观经济调控似乎陷入了"三无"困境，即无机构、无工具、无共识：首先，缺乏一个 明确的全球性机构来统筹负责这一重要事务。其次，调控手段也相对匮乏，虽然有特别提款权（SDR）这一工具，但它更多被视为一种记账单位，实际应用 范围和影响力有限。最后，国际社会在宏观调控方面尚未达成广泛共识。 "加强全球货币政策协调面临巨大挑战。"新加坡金融管理局副行长梁新松强调，各国 ...