美国又要退群了！1月7日，美国白宫发布声明表示，美国总统特朗普当日签署了一份总统备忘录，指示 美国退出联合国拉丁美洲和加勒比经济委员会等66个"不再符合美国利益"的国际组织。这些国际组织的 工作聚焦于气候、劳工、移民等议题。 公开资料显示，自特朗普2025年1月重返白宫以来，美国已宣布退出联合国教科文组织、世界卫生组 织、联合国人权理事会等多个国际组织，并且停止向联合国近东巴勒斯坦难民救济和工程处提供支持。 中国国际问题研究院研究员杨希雨在接受中新经纬采访时表示，美国退出这六十多个国际组织，是整个 特朗普2.0对外政策的众多反映之一。在杨希雨看来，国际组织本质上是一种多边合作机制，而美国近 年来强调单边主义和"美国优先"。这种取向，无论在理念还是在义务承担上，都体现出美国在国际组织 中的大幅后退。 2025年，特朗普政府推行"对等关税"政策，掀起全球贸易震荡。在杨希雨看来，这进一步加剧了以多边 安排为框架、自由贸易原则为基础的国际贸易投资规则体系的裂解。 "这场关税战打的不是关税，打的也不是赤字，而是新的贸易投资规则体系。"杨希雨强调，具体来看就 是要用以双边安排为框架、对等贸易原则为基础的贸易投资规则体系， ...

本报记者 易 佳 张 琪 吴昱瑶 夏温新 李 萌 编者的话：在动荡与希望交织的2025年，《环球时报》开展了第20次"中国人看世界"年度调查。自2006 年以来，这项调查不仅见证了中国民意的发展变化，更成为观察中国与世界关系变迁的一个窗口。本次 调查显示，相较于本世纪初受访者的"审慎与低调"，即将步入"十五五"时期的中国民意展现着大国自信 与客观理性。历时20年，认为"中国已是世界性强国"的民意比例翻了一番。此外，中俄关系连续17年成 为受访者最重视的周边关系，中美关系在各组双边关系中受重视程度今年回升至首位，更有94%的受访 者期待中国为推动国际秩序公正发展贡献更多力量。 20年来，认为"中国是世界性强国"的比例翻番 往年"中国人看世界"调查结果 2006年至2013年以及2025年，调查追问了"中国已具备世界性强国的哪些条件"。数据显示，2006年至 2013年，调查列举的"政治及外交影响力""经济实力""军事实力""文化影响力"选项在多数年份获选比例 未过半。而今年，4组数据均达到或超过一半，分别为63%、62%、70%和50%。当前国内民意对我国政 治、外交、军事、经济、文化实力的认可显著提升。超七成 ...

新华社北京12月5日电 南非国际关系与合作部长拉莫拉4日就美国国务卿鲁比奥对南非内政及其担 任二十国集团（G20）轮值主席国的工作横加指责作出回应，强调二十国集团"任何成员无权单方面将 南非排除在外"。 真正的领导力在于"每一种声音都被认真倾听" 鲁比奥3日发表声明，宣布美国总统特朗普和美国政府不会邀请南非参加明年在美国举办的二十国 集团峰会。 拉莫拉在一份声明中强调，南非担任二十国集团轮值主席国期间，秉持团结、平等、可持续发展理 念，积极构建促进全球团结与包容性增长的对话平台，得到与会代表和国际社会广泛积极评价。美方并 未出席相关会议，其所谓南非"破坏共识"的指控不仅不实，而且歪曲了二十国集团这类多边合作机制的 根本原则。"真正的领导力不在于满足各方所有诉求，而在于确保每一种声音都被认真倾听。" 此间分析认为，美国轮值G20主席国期间，南非或将以"缺席"的方式抵制包括峰会在内的所有重要 活动。 今年以来，美南两国关系持续紧张。美方以南非政府土地政策构成对该国白人种族歧视为由切断对 南援助，后驱逐南非大使，并缺席11月在南非约翰内斯堡举行的G20峰会。特朗普11月26日在社交媒体 发文说，南非将不会受到邀请参 ...

Core Insights - The APEC 32nd Informal Leaders' Meeting will be held in Gyeongju, South Korea from October 31 to November 1, focusing on multilateral cooperation amidst rising unilateralism and trade protectionism [1][2] - The theme "Building a Sustainable Tomorrow - Connectivity, Innovation, Prosperity" reflects APEC members' consensus on promoting sustainable, innovative, and cooperative development in the new era [1] Group 1 - APEC serves as an inclusive and influential economic cooperation mechanism, providing a non-confrontational platform for multilateral cooperation among its members [2] - Strengthening regional cooperation and connectivity is essential for maintaining open and stable economic growth in a turbulent world [1][2] - Technological innovation is identified as the main driver of economic growth for Asia-Pacific economies in the 21st century, with APEC members sharing common goals in digital economy, green technology, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy [1] Group 2 - Malaysia, as a core member of ASEAN, can leverage APEC to enhance supply chain resilience and trade facilitation, attracting high-end manufacturing and green investments [2] - China's proposals, such as the "Digital Silk Road" and "Smart Connectivity," aim to promote digital trade, cross-border e-commerce, and AI cooperation, sharing technological benefits with other Asia-Pacific countries [2] - China's open and win-win philosophy, green transformation practices, and digital cooperation ideas provide a reference for APEC's future agenda, promoting more inclusive, sustainable, and high-quality regional cooperation [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Cambodian Investment Committee's Deputy Secretary-General, Lin Weixia, emphasizes the critical role of China in driving Cambodia's economic and social development, expressing confidence in the future of China-Cambodia cooperation [1][2] Group 1: Economic Partnership - China is Cambodia's largest trading partner and foreign investor, highlighting the importance of Chinese investment for Cambodia [1] - The economic complementarity and cooperation potential between Cambodia and China are strong, with the China-ASEAN Expo serving as a vital platform for deepening collaboration [1] Group 2: Infrastructure Development - Chinese enterprises have significantly contributed to Cambodia's infrastructure, including the construction of the largest airport, the Dechong International Airport, and multiple power stations, addressing local electricity shortages [1] - The construction of the Phnom Penh-Sihanoukville Expressway has reduced travel time from 5 hours to under 2 hours, significantly lowering logistics costs [1] Group 3: Trade Opportunities - Cambodia sees substantial potential for increasing exports to China, particularly in high-quality agricultural products such as rice, mangoes, and cashews, leveraging platforms like the China-ASEAN Expo [2] - The signing of Cambodia's first bilateral free trade agreement with China reflects the recognition of opportunities presented by China's large market and ongoing economic growth [2]

Core Viewpoint - The trade war initiated by former President Trump through tariffs has led to a global "food crisis," adversely affecting American farmers and demonstrating the failure of unilateral trade policies [2][6]. Group 1: Impact on China - China strategically reduced imports of U.S. soybeans and corn starting in January 2025, opting for supplies from Brazil and Argentina to ensure domestic food security [3]. - In the first half of 2025, China imported 49.37 million tons of soybeans, a year-on-year increase of 1.8%, primarily for animal feed rather than domestic oil and food production [3]. - This shift reflects China's effective response to U.S. policy instability and a strong commitment to maintaining food security [3]. Group 2: Impact on India - The Trump administration's attempts to open the Indian market for U.S. agricultural products were met with resistance from the Modi government, which prioritized domestic farmers' interests [5]. - India's refusal to comply with U.S. demands resulted in the loss of a significant potential export market for American agricultural products [5]. Group 3: Consequences for U.S. Agriculture - The retaliatory tariffs imposed by allies like the EU and Canada severely impacted U.S. agricultural exports, particularly affecting the supply chain for agricultural machinery [6]. - In 2025, U.S. soybean planting area decreased by 4%, with many farmers switching to other crops or facing bankruptcy and unemployment [6]. - The failure of the tariff policy has undermined the political support base for Trump, as many affected farmers were his core supporters [6]. Group 4: Negotiation Dynamics - China has maintained a firm stance, indicating that further trade negotiations are contingent upon the U.S. lifting unreasonable tariffs [7]. - The dual impact of U.S. tariffs has led to immediate product surpluses and price drops, alongside long-term market share losses and damaged international credibility [7]. Group 5: Conclusion on Trade Strategy - The failure of Trump's "first strike, then negotiate" strategy highlights the need for the U.S. to abandon unilateral tariff policies and rebuild international trust through multilateral cooperation [8]. - Without a new fair trade agreement between the U.S. and China, expectations for increased Chinese imports of U.S. agricultural products are unrealistic [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the shifting dynamics of international relations, particularly focusing on the energy trade between China, Russia, and Iran, and how U.S. sanctions are becoming less effective in a multipolar world [1][6]. Group 1: U.S. Sanctions and Responses - The U.S. Treasury Secretary threatened countries buying sanctioned Russian oil with "secondary tariffs," but this was met with a lack of strong response from China, which instead engaged in meetings with Russia and Iran [1][3]. - The U.S. is concerned about Russia's oil exports, which amount to 7.2 million barrels per day, generating $13.6 billion monthly, with China being the largest buyer [3]. - Despite U.S. sanctions, countries like India and Malaysia continue to purchase Russian oil, undermining the effectiveness of these sanctions [3][5]. Group 2: China and Russia's Strategic Moves - China is diversifying its energy sources in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America, while increasing the use of the yuan in trade with Russia, which is seen as a challenge to U.S. dollar dominance [5][6]. - The cooperation between China, Russia, and Iran is evolving into a long-term collaborative mechanism, indicating a shift in global energy dynamics [5][6]. - The bilateral trade between China and Russia is expected to surge in 2024, with significant projects like the "Power of Siberia 2" gas pipeline and Arctic LNG projects highlighting deepening ties [5][6]. Group 3: New International Relations Framework - The collaboration among China, Russia, and Iran reflects a fundamental change in international order, moving away from a unipolar system dominated by the U.S. [6][8]. - The emerging international relations framework emphasizes equal and mutually beneficial cooperation, contrasting with the U.S.'s unilateral approach [6][8]. - The strategic planning behind energy trade and cooperation among BRICS nations indicates a deliberate effort to establish a new global order, which may challenge traditional power structures [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the geopolitical implications of the U.S. warning of secondary sanctions against countries purchasing Russian oil, particularly targeting India and China, and highlights India's response and diversification of energy sources [1][3][5]. Group 1: U.S. Sanctions and Global Energy Dynamics - The U.S. under Trump has threatened secondary sanctions on countries buying Russian oil if a ceasefire with Ukraine is not reached within 50 days, aiming to cut off Russia's energy exports [1]. - This warning is perceived as a direct attempt to pressure major buyers like India and China, indicating a shift in global energy dynamics and international relations [1][3]. Group 2: India's Response and Energy Strategy - India's Oil Minister stated that the country is confident in meeting its energy needs through diversified sources, having increased its procurement countries from about 27 to 40 [3]. - Indian officials criticize the double standards of Western nations, particularly the EU, which continues to purchase Russian energy while urging others to refrain [3][5]. Group 3: Multilateral Cooperation and Diplomatic Moves - India is considering reviving the trilateral cooperation mechanism with China and Russia, indicating a shift towards multilateral discussions in response to U.S. sanctions [3][5]. - China's stance emphasizes dialogue and negotiation as the only viable solution to the Ukraine crisis, opposing unilateral sanctions and advocating for multilateral cooperation [5][8]. Group 4: Broader Implications for International Relations - The situation reflects a growing divide in international relations, where some countries are using sanctions as a tool while others are seeking to break through these constraints with diversified strategies [8]. - India's balanced foreign policy aims to maintain strategic cooperation with Russia while expanding ties with the U.S. and Europe in technology and defense sectors, avoiding alignment in the U.S.-Russia conflict [8].

Core Viewpoint - The participation of the United States in the upcoming G20 summit in South Africa is a significant signal of its commitment to international economic cooperation and multilateralism [1][3]. Group 1: Positive Aspects - The U.S. involvement in the G20 summit indicates a willingness to play an active role in global economic collaboration, which is crucial given the current uncertainties such as trade tensions and climate change [3]. - The summit provides an opportunity for the U.S. and South Africa to enhance bilateral cooperation, particularly in areas like economy, trade, and investment [3][5]. - The U.S. participation will aid South Africa in fulfilling its responsibilities as the G20 chair, potentially leading to a successful summit [3][5]. Group 2: Challenges and Risks - Despite the positive signal, there are potential policy divergences between the U.S. and other countries, particularly regarding trade policies that have led to tensions [4]. - The global multilateral cooperation framework faces challenges, including the questioning of the authority and effectiveness of international organizations, which could impact the G20 summit [4]. - The success of the G20 summit will require collective efforts to overcome domestic political factors and policy disagreements among member countries [5].