作为世界上荒漠化危害最为严重的国家之一，我国持续加大荒漠化综合防治力度，"十四五"期间在全球率先实现土地退化零增长目标，也是全球增绿贡献 最大的国家。这其中，哪些荒漠化防治成果令人叹为观止？治沙增绿成果是否得到有效巩固？2025年末，经济日报记者走进沙漠探寻答案。 2024年11月28日，新疆和田地区于田县万花园防沙治沙区，随着最后一片宽50米、长100米的空白区完成苗木栽种，环绕塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘、全长3046 公里的绿色阻沙防护带实现合龙，塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘阻击战取得阶段性、标志性成果。卫星遥感影像显示，这是世界上最长的环沙漠绿色生态屏障。 地处塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的和田地区民丰县，长期受风沙侵袭，生态环境脆弱。民丰县县长阿布都卡哈尔·米吉提说，民丰县坚持增收与增绿并重、治沙 与发展并举，推动防沙治沙工作实现可持续发展。防沙治沙具有长期性、艰巨性，实现锁边并非终点，而是新的起点。民丰县将持续植绿扩边，不断拓展 绿色防护带的宽度。 不仅是民丰县，环塔克拉玛干沙漠沿线各地州、市县均作出了类似部署，全力将塔克拉玛干沙漠的"绿围脖"织得更厚实。记者从新疆维吾尔自治区林业和 草原局了解到，2025年，新疆完成"三北" ...

内蒙古曾是我国荒漠化和沙化土地最为集中、危害最为严重的省份之一，"三北"工程三大标志性战役 有"两个半"在内蒙古。如今的内蒙古已成为全国治沙成效最显著的省份之一，实现了由"沙进人 退"到"绿进沙退"的历史性转变，在沙漠边缘筑起一道"绿色长城"。而在巩固治沙成果、筑牢生态屏障 的道路上，如何真正实现绿富同兴的可持续未来，是需要进一步破解的关键课题。 在祖国北疆的内蒙古自治区，广袤无垠的土地上横亘着四大沙漠、四大沙地，荒漠化、沙化土地面积约 占全国的20%。曾经，这里风沙肆虐，一度"沙进人退"，土地荒漠化与沙化问题如同一道道大地伤痕， 不仅影响着当地居民的生存与发展，更对华北、东北、西北乃至全国的生态安全构成严峻威胁。 "十四五"期间，内蒙古全力打好"三北"工程攻坚战，完成"三北"工程建设任务1.23亿亩，其中防沙治沙 6688万亩。从"沙进人退"的被动防御，到"绿进沙退"的积极反击，创造了举世瞩目的绿色奇迹，为构筑 我国北方重要生态安全屏障奠定了坚实基础。 作为"三北"工程攻坚战的核心区，在"三北"六期工程建设中，内蒙古承担着全国60%的沙化土地综合治 理任务，"三北"工程三大标志性战役有"两个半"在内蒙古。2 ...

合龙以来，新疆重点围绕塔克拉玛干沙漠285千米锁边防护带扩边。在于田县、民丰县、皮山县等 关键区域，针对上下风口、沙源区、路径区及绿洲边缘风沙危害区，依据主害风方向和风力强度，科学 拓宽防风阻沙林草固沙带。全面加强塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘森林、草原、湿地、荒漠生态系统的保护与修 复，持续巩固和提升治理成效。塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘21个重点县（市）探索多元化治沙路径：沙雅 县"分布式光伏+抽取地下苦咸水+造林"治沙、若羌县"间隔治沙"、尉犁县"工程+生物+沙产业"……各地 积极推动政策、资金、科技等要素向防沙治沙一线汇聚，充分调动企业、农户等社会力量广泛参与，有 力促进了沙产业蓬勃发展。 据新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局消息，塔克拉玛干沙漠锁边合龙一年来，截至11月底，边缘21个 重点县市完成扩边任务938.22万亩，以合龙为基础增宽110~7500米。 2024年11月下旬，塔克拉玛干沙漠空白区锁边成功，全长3046千米环塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘绿色防护 带完整闭合。 据不完全统计，目前，新疆沙生经济作物总面积已达1083.41万亩，配套加工企业364余家，实现总 产值289.75亿元。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the ongoing efforts in Xinjiang to combat desertification around the Taklamakan Desert through a comprehensive "green collar" initiative, which includes afforestation, community involvement, and innovative agricultural practices [2][18]. Group 1: Desertification Control Efforts - The Taklamakan Desert's "lock edge" project, completed on November 28, 2024, spans 3,046 kilometers and has transitioned to a new phase of expansion and solidification [2][3]. - In 2025, Xinjiang has achieved a cumulative expansion of 936.17 million acres of green coverage, increasing the width of the green protective belt by 110 meters to 7,500 meters [9][18]. - The "green collar" initiative is supported by various policies, including ecological water use and land rights, facilitating diverse desertification control methods [13][14]. Group 2: Community Involvement and Economic Development - Local farmers are actively participating in desertification control, with 6.18 million acres of land treated in Hetian County, involving 69 villages and 1,278 households [7][18]. - The rise of the "sand industry" is evident, with the cultivation of medicinal herbs and flowers like Cistanche and roses, significantly boosting local economies and providing employment opportunities [18][21]. - The integration of ecological and economic benefits is emphasized, with over 1,083.41 million acres of economic crops planted on desertified land, generating a total output value of 28.975 billion yuan [21]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - Innovative practices such as "interval desertification control" and "photovoltaic water extraction" are being implemented to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of desertification control efforts [14][16]. - The use of modern agricultural techniques and machinery has improved operational efficiency and increased the survival rate of planted vegetation [13][14]. Group 4: Sustainable Development - The article underscores the importance of sustainable development, where ecological restoration and economic growth are interlinked, creating a cycle of environmental and economic benefits [18][21]. - The ongoing projects aim to establish a robust ecological barrier while simultaneously fostering local economic growth, demonstrating a model for sustainable development in arid regions [21].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the efforts of the residents of Wenaletai Kushi Village in Xinjiang to combat desertification and transform their environment through a combination of ecological and economic strategies [1][8]. Group 1: Desertification Combat Efforts - The village is surrounded by the Taklamakan Desert, with over 20 square kilometers of land affected by desertification, prompting a "home defense battle" against encroaching sand [1][3]. - The first secretary of the Kashgar region's forestry bureau, Dai Zhigang, has been actively leading sand prevention and control efforts since 2023, guiding villagers in land leveling and large-scale afforestation [3][6]. - The initial sand control methods were adapted from surrounding areas, leading to a combined strategy of "biological sand control + engineering sand fixation" [6]. Group 2: Implementation and Results - The villagers have successfully created over 2,800 acres of artificial protective forest and established more than 500 acres of grass grids since March 2024 [6]. - The village has also begun experimenting with planting economic crops such as "desert ginseng" (Cistanche deserticola) in the newly established forests, with the first harvest occurring this year [8][10]. - A total of 920 acres have been planned for experimental forestry, including various economic crops like apricots, pistachios, and other plants, aiming to enhance economic benefits from the desert [10]. Group 3: Economic Impact - The sand industry in the village is projected to create stable employment for 29 individuals and temporary jobs for 640 people by the first half of 2025, generating an additional income of 544,000 yuan [10]. - The transformation from "sand encroachment" to "sand reclamation" and ultimately to "gold mining from sand" reflects the villagers' hard work and innovative spirit in improving their living conditions [10].

Core Viewpoint - Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has made significant progress in ecological civilization construction since the 14th Five-Year Plan, implementing a comprehensive forest chief system to enhance forestry and grassland governance, and creating a robust ecological security barrier around the Taklamakan Desert [3][7][18] Group 1: Forest Chief System Implementation - The establishment of a five-level forest chief system has been accelerated since 2021, with over 30,000 forest chiefs appointed by the end of 2024 [7] - The system includes coordination mechanisms such as "forest chief + river (lake) chief" and "forest chief + prosecutor" to enhance resource protection [7] - Xinjiang has received excellent ratings in national forest chief assessments for three consecutive years from 2022 to 2024 [7] Group 2: Ecological Restoration and Green Development - The "Three-North" project has achieved the construction of 12.95 million acres of ecological barriers, promoting the integration of ecological protection with rural revitalization and renewable energy industries [12][18] - The region has seen a shift from "protecting green" to "increasing green," with significant investments in afforestation and ecological restoration projects [12][18] - The introduction of innovative practices, such as the "land-based forestry" initiative, has improved funding for forest management and enhanced local economic development [16] Group 3: Local Initiatives and Community Involvement - Various counties have developed unique ecological industries, such as the apple plantation in Zepu County, which integrates ecological restoration with economic benefits [14] - Community participation in afforestation and sand control has been encouraged, leading to successful projects like the establishment of sand control teams and the promotion of ecological sand industries [11][15] - The transformation of desert areas into productive landscapes has improved local livelihoods and biodiversity, with significant increases in wildlife populations [17][18]

Core Viewpoint - The cultivation and harvesting of Cistanche deserticola, known as "desert ginseng," in the Uytian County of Xinjiang is significantly contributing to local economic development and ecological restoration efforts in desert areas [1][3][4]. Group 1: Cultivation and Harvesting - Cistanche deserticola is a parasitic plant with high medicinal value, primarily growing at the roots of the tamarisk and red willow trees, and the current harvesting season covers an area of 240,000 acres in Uytian County [1][2]. - The harvesting process requires careful techniques to avoid damaging the root systems of Cistanche deserticola, which is crucial for its future growth and market value [1]. - The main harvesting periods for Cistanche deserticola are in spring and autumn, with the autumn harvest starting from late October to the end of November [2]. Group 2: Ecological and Economic Impact - The establishment of ecological forests in Uytian County, which was previously desert, has been made possible through scientific water management and the use of drip irrigation systems [2]. - The integration of desert ecological management with the development of the sand industry has led to increased income for local farmers, with many benefiting from the cultivation of Cistanche deserticola [3][4]. - A cooperative model involving "enterprises + bases + cooperatives + farmers" has been implemented to facilitate the sales and storage of Cistanche deserticola, enhancing market access for local producers [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significance of the desert plant, Cistanche, known as "desert ginseng," which is harvested in the Uytian County of Xinjiang, emphasizing its medicinal and economic value, as well as the sustainable practices involved in its cultivation and harvesting [1][2][9]. Group 1: Cultivation and Harvesting - Cistanche grows as a parasite on the roots of the red willow and saxaul trees, relying on them for nutrients, and is currently in the harvesting season across 240,000 acres in Uytian County [1][2][9]. - The harvesting process is meticulous, requiring careful removal of sand to avoid damaging the roots, which is crucial for the plant's future growth and market value [4][9]. - The harvesting season primarily occurs in spring and autumn, with the current year's total production expected to exceed 40,000 tons [9]. Group 2: Economic Impact and Community Involvement - The integration of desert ecological management with the development of the sand industry has led to increased income for local farmers, as more villagers engage in Cistanche cultivation [9][10][12]. - A cooperative model involving "enterprises + bases + cooperatives + farmers" has been established to facilitate the sale and storage of Cistanche, ensuring that local farmers can sell their harvests efficiently [10][12]. - Local farmers are encouraged to plant protective forests alongside Cistanche, contributing to environmental sustainability while enhancing their economic prospects [10][12].

Core Insights - Inner Mongolia's Alxa League has achieved a milestone in desertification control, with a cumulative treatment area exceeding 10 million acres, establishing a green defense line to improve the ecological environment in northern China and promote green development [1] - The region is responsible for 60% of the national desertification control tasks, emphasizing the importance of a sustained effort in combating desertification [1] - The focus of desertification control has shifted from merely stopping desert expansion to enhancing green coverage and solidifying the results of previous efforts [1] Group 1 - The implementation of "locking edge" projects has been recognized as an effective measure to prevent desert expansion, utilizing methods such as grass grids, biological sand fixation, and photovoltaic sand control [1] - There is still room for improvement in the scale, width, and quality of these locking edge projects, with future efforts aimed at expanding green areas [1] - Technological advancements are crucial for desertification control, with a need to address key technical bottlenecks and integrate technology with engineering solutions [2] Group 2 - The development of the sand industry is emerging as a new economic growth point, with desert tourism being a significant direction for utilizing desert resources [2] - The Badain Jaran Desert in Inner Mongolia was included in the World Heritage List, highlighting the potential for eco-tourism and sustainable development [2] - A principle of "suitable vegetation" is emphasized for desert management, advocating for a diversified investment mechanism and encouraging participation from various stakeholders in desertification control efforts [3]

Core Viewpoint - Inner Mongolia's Alxa League has launched its autumn afforestation work, aiming to complete a task of 560,000 acres by the end of December, contributing to over 10 million acres of land treated since the implementation of the "Three-North" project in 1978 [1][1][1] Group 1: Afforestation Efforts - The afforestation plan includes the use of drought-resistant native shrubs and herbaceous plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Caragana korshinskii, and Zygophyllum xanthoxylum [1] - The region is characterized by extreme ecological fragility, with the presence of three major deserts: Badain Jaran, Tengger, and Ulan Buh [1] Group 2: Economic and Ecological Integration - The Alxa League promotes the integration of sand prevention and control with the sand industry, encouraging local farmers and herdsmen to participate in project construction and management [1] - This initiative aims to create job opportunities and increase income for local residents, fostering a positive interaction between ecological protection and livelihood improvement [1]