国家疾控局日前召开新闻发布会，介绍秋冬季急性呼吸道传染病防控相关情况。 进入流感流行季 这些疫苗知识必须知道 ↓↓↓ · 流感病毒容易变异，接种疫苗后仍有可能感染，这是不是意味着打流感疫苗没必要？ 中国疾控中心病毒所研究员王大燕介绍，这种说法是错误的。 虽然流感病毒容易发生变异，但流感疫苗每年都会进行相应的更新。世界卫生组织每年依据全球范围内 监测到的流感毒株，根据南半球、北半球推荐流感疫苗株，用于流感疫苗的生产。 依托中国流感监测系统，疾控部门对各地流感活动实时开展监测预警和风险评估，当前我国总体流感活 动属于上升阶段，甲型H3N2亚型占比超过95%，有少量甲型H1N1和乙型流感病毒同期流行，未来预计 还将持续上升，老年人和儿童等重点人群应尽早接种流感疫苗。 接种当季流感疫苗是预防流感最经济、最有效的手段。每年在流感流行季来临前接种疫苗，可以显著降 低接种者罹患流感和发展为重症的风险，降低学生等群体发生流感聚集性疫情发生风险。因为个体差 异，有些人接种流感疫苗后仍会感染流感，不过症状会减轻，减少严重并发症的发生。 · 去年打过流感疫苗，今年是不是不需要打了？什么时候打最好？ 天津市疾控中心主任医师张颖介绍， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the health risks associated with the misconception that one can simply "tough it out" when infected with influenza, highlighting the need for proper medical intervention and vaccination [1][3]. Group 1: Differences Between Influenza and Common Cold - Influenza is fundamentally different from the common cold in terms of pathogens, symptoms, transmissibility, and potential complications [3]. - Influenza has a strong transmissibility and spreads primarily through droplets and close contact, leading to outbreaks in populations, while the common cold has weaker transmissibility and is mostly seen in sporadic cases [3]. - Complications from influenza can include severe conditions such as pneumonia, myocarditis, and encephalitis, which can even lead to death, necessitating the use of antiviral medications [3]. Group 2: Vaccination Recommendations - The current period is identified as the optimal time for influenza vaccination, particularly for individuals aged six months and older without contraindications, especially the elderly, children, and those with chronic underlying conditions [3]. - It is advised that individuals seek medical attention promptly if influenza symptoms appear, rather than self-medicating or "toughing it out," to avoid delays in treatment [3]. Group 3: Nature of Influenza Virus - The influenza virus is characterized by its high variability, with different strains circulating globally each year, which is why annual vaccination is necessary [3]. - The protective antibody levels generated by the influenza vaccine tend to decline significantly after six to eight months, further underscoring the need for yearly vaccinations [3]. Group 4: Current Health Status - The overall level of respiratory infectious diseases in Anhui Province is currently at a low level, despite the winter and spring being peak seasons for respiratory and gastrointestinal infections [3].

近期，随着全国各地气温下降，流感病毒进入活跃期。 根据中国疾控中心发布的2025年第43周流感监测周报，我国南方省份流感活动上升，北方省份流感活动呈低水平。 同时最新监测结果显示，甲型H3N2毒株占流感病例的90%以上，而去年主要是甲型H1N1毒株。首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院感染和临床微生物科李冉 介绍，普通人对甲型H3N2毒株没有抵抗力。 甲流感染与感冒症状相似，但并不完全相同，与普通感冒相比，甲流H3N2感染后，症状更重，而且时间也更久。 专家介绍，H3N2传播性较强，对于老年人、备孕人群、孕妇和小孩 ，积极接种疫苗是最佳防控方式。日常还需做好戴口罩、少去人群聚集场所、保持个 人卫生，关注气温变化，降低感染风险。 所有呼吸道病原体中,流感上升最快 . 呼吸道样本病原体核酸检测阳性率(%) 病原体 门急诊流感样病例( 第43周 ■ 较上周) 12.8 1.8 量病毒 流感病毒 10.5 4.4 肠道病毒 1.5 OP 呼吸道合胞病毒 7 1.1 副流感病毒 3.1 0.1 普通冠状病毒 1.7 -0.9 新型冠状病毒 1.5 -0.2 博卡病毒 1.4 -0.6 腺病毒 1 -0.4 肺炎支原体 0.4 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "World Influenza Day" initiative aims to enhance public health measures and provide solutions for flu prevention during the peak travel season, highlighting the intersection of increased international travel and flu outbreaks [1][2]. Group 1: Public Health and Travel - The initiative "Blocking Influenza, Enjoying Global Travel" was launched to address the health risks associated with flu during the travel season [1]. - The number of outbound trips from China is expected to exceed 155 million by 2025, coinciding with the flu season in the Northern Hemisphere [2]. - The flu season in countries like Japan and South Korea has started earlier than usual, indicating a potential increase in flu cases during the travel peak [2]. Group 2: Health Risks and Recommendations - Influenza poses significant health risks, especially for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, children, and those with pre-existing conditions [3]. - The current dominant flu strain is H3N2, which has shown more complexity in mutations compared to last year's H1N1 strain, potentially leading to increased hospitalization [3]. - Low vaccination rates and public misconceptions about flu contribute to the challenges in flu prevention in China [3]. - Travelers are advised to prepare in advance, including getting vaccinated and considering antiviral medications to mitigate the risk of flu transmission during travel [3].

Core Points - The article highlights the importance of flu prevention, especially for the elderly, and discusses a donation initiative by JD Health to support rural elderly populations in China [1] Group 1: Company Initiatives - JD Health, in collaboration with the China Social Relief Foundation, is donating a batch of small medicine boxes and flu prevention medications to 50 village health clinics in cities like Hebi and Xinxiang in Henan Province, benefiting over 20,000 rural elderly individuals [1] - The initiative aims to provide better access to medication and health services for elderly individuals in rural areas, where healthcare resources are limited [1] Group 2: Industry Context - The article notes that the elderly are particularly susceptible to flu, which can lead to severe complications such as pneumonia and myocarditis, making preventive measures crucial [1] - There is a significant increase in the demand for flu-related medications, with JD Health reporting a notable rise in search volumes for drugs like Oseltamivir, Mabalasavir, and 999 Cold Medicine Granules during the autumn and winter seasons [1]

Core Insights - The flu season is approaching, with rising flu activity in southern China, particularly an increase in the positivity rate of the H3N2 strain [1][2] - Experts recommend early vaccination and daily protective measures to strengthen health defenses against respiratory diseases [1][4] Group 1: Flu Virus Trends - The main circulating strain this year is H3N2, differing from last year's H1N1 dominance [2] - International monitoring indicates that countries like Japan have entered the flu season earlier, raising concerns about potential importation risks to China [2] - Current data shows no significant antigenic variation or emergence of highly pathogenic strains that could render vaccines ineffective [2] Group 2: Vaccination Recommendations - Vaccination is highlighted as the most effective and economical method to prevent flu, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and those with chronic conditions [3] - The flu vaccine for this year includes components targeting the H3N2 strain, and public health officials encourage early vaccination within the ideal window of October to November [3] - In Beijing, 471 vaccination clinics have been set up, with free vaccinations for specific demographics ending in late November 2025 [3] Group 3: Health Protection Measures - The National Disease Control Bureau has issued health tips to prevent respiratory infections, emphasizing the importance of personal hygiene and avoiding crowded places [4][5] - Medical institutions in major cities have increased pediatric services and are promoting family-based vaccination strategies to enhance community immunity [5] - Public awareness is urged regarding the seriousness of flu symptoms, with recommendations for timely medical consultation in severe cases [5]

Core Viewpoint - Recent flu cases in Guangdong are showing a fluctuating upward trend, primarily driven by the H3N2 strain, with increased risks of outbreaks in densely populated areas due to school reopenings and frequent personnel movement [1][1]. Summary by Relevant Sections Flu Monitoring Data - From September 1 to 7, the percentage of flu-like cases in emergency departments in Guangdong was 4.49%, slightly higher than the previous week's 4.38% [1]. - The positive detection rate of flu virus in samples from emergency departments was 11.01%, remaining stable compared to last week's 11.50% [1]. Expert Insights - The Chief Expert on Infectious Disease Prevention and Control at Guangdong CDC, Kang Min, indicated that the current flu trend is concerning, with H3N2 being the predominant virus [1]. - The risk of outbreaks is heightened in collective units due to the recent school openings and increased movement of people [1]. Public Health Recommendations - Citizens are advised to practice personal hygiene, such as frequent handwashing and wearing masks in crowded or poorly ventilated places [1]. - Vulnerable groups, including the elderly, children, and those with chronic illnesses, are encouraged to get vaccinated against the flu [1]. - Collective units should ensure proper ventilation and cleanliness, and facilities should be equipped with adequate handwashing supplies [1]. - Schools and childcare institutions are urged to implement health checks and report any outbreaks promptly, while promoting good hygiene practices among students and staff [1].

Core Viewpoint - Guangdong Province is gradually entering the influenza epidemic period, with the main circulating virus being the H3N2 strain, although no influenza outbreak reports have been made recently [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Influenza Monitoring - The percentage of influenza-like cases in emergency departments was 4.38% for the week of August 25-31, slightly up from 4.36% the previous week, but below the baseline level of 5.89% [1] - The positive detection rate of influenza viruses from sampled cases was 11.50%, an increase from 10.75% the previous week, yet still below the baseline of 12.44% [1] - Among the positive samples, the H3N2 subtype accounted for 80.49%, the B (Victoria) lineage for 12.20%, and the A (H1N1)pdm09 subtype for 7.32% [1] Public Health Recommendations - It is advised that crowded places maintain good ventilation and cleanliness, and ensure adequate handwashing facilities [2] - Health monitoring should be implemented in key areas such as nursing homes and schools, with timely reporting of any outbreaks [2] - Citizens are encouraged to practice personal hygiene, including frequent handwashing and wearing masks in crowded, poorly ventilated areas [2] - Vaccination against influenza is recommended, particularly for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children, and those with chronic illnesses [2]