中化新网讯 近日，联合国环境规划署(UNEP)发布分析报告指出，全球范围内加强对甲烷排放的管控， 不仅有助于显著缓解气候变化，还能通过能源回收产生直接经济效益，实现气候行动与节约成本的"双 赢"。 甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳的第二大温室气体，且其短期增温效应极强，在20年尺度上的增温潜能是二氧化 碳的80倍以上。报告强调，全球超过一半的甲烷排放来自三个关键领域：化石燃料生产与运输、农业活 动以及废弃物处理。这些领域目前均已具备技术成熟、经济可行的减排解决方案。尤其是在石油和天然 气行业，通过采用泄漏检测与修复技术、升级压缩机与泵阀设备，以及减少常规放空与燃烧等措施，可 以在大幅降低甲烷逸散的同时，直接回收更多的天然气产品用于销售。报告分析指出，大量此类减排措 施的净实施成本为负值，即通过出售所回收的甲烷气体获得的收益，能够覆盖甚至超过初期技术投入与 运营成本。这意味着投资甲烷减排本身即可成为一种产生经济回报的商业行为。 此外，报告也肯定了协同效益的重要性。强有力的甲烷减排行动将同步减少挥发性有机化合物等伴随污 染物，有助于改善区域空气质量，降低公共健康风险，并提升相关行业的生产安全与能源利用效率。 尽管技术与经济路 ...

新华社内罗毕12月11日电 （记者 由荟圆）联合国环境规划署10日在肯尼亚首都内罗毕宣布2025 年"地球卫士奖"获奖名单，5个在推动气候行动方面作出突出贡献的个人和组织单位获此奖项。 获奖者分别来自不同领域和地区：太平洋岛国应对气候变化学生组织成功推动国际法院发布具有里 程碑意义的咨询意见，强化全球气候法治进程；印度官员苏普里娅·萨胡通过推动绿色就业和生态系统 修复，为气候韧性建设作出贡献；建筑师玛丽亚姆·伊素福在非洲萨赫勒地区推广气候韧性建筑设计； 亚马孙人与环境研究所利用科学与人工智能技术加强亚马孙地区森林治理，遏制森林砍伐；已故专家曼 弗雷迪·卡尔塔吉罗内因生前倡导基于科学与透明的甲烷减排行动，获追授表彰。 一年一度的"地球卫士奖"是联合国颁发的最高级别环境奖项，旨在表彰对环境产生变革性影响的个 人和组织。 联合国环境规划署执行主任英格·安德森表示，今年的获奖者涵盖青年组织、地方政府官员、建筑 师、科研机构以及致力于甲烷减排的专家，他们的努力展现出推动全球携手应对气候挑战的坚定力量。 此次"地球卫士奖"在第七届联合国环境大会期间揭晓。获奖者因在气候正义、甲烷减排、森林保护 和气候韧性建筑等领域提出创新 ...

Core Points - The discussion at COP30 in Brazil focused on launching the "Global Methane Pledge" to rapidly control global warming, highlighting the failure of many countries to reduce methane emissions at the necessary pace since the COP26 climate summit [1] - Methane has a warming effect 80 times greater than carbon dioxide and has contributed to approximately 30% of the global temperature rise since the Industrial Revolution [1] - The energy sector accounts for over 35% of human activity-related methane emissions, indicating that transitioning from fossil fuels to green energy could significantly aid in emission reductions [1] Summary by Sections Commitment and Goals - The "Global Methane Pledge," led by the US and EU, was initiated in 2021 and has been signed by 111 countries, collectively responsible for 45% of global anthropogenic methane emissions [1] - The core objective is to reduce methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030, marking the first commitment to methane reduction policies for some signatory countries [1] Challenges and Constraints - The commitment faces challenges due to a lack of binding measures, resulting in a situation characterized by "heavy planning, heavy monitoring, but light enforcement and implementation" [2] - Although the US and EU requested participating countries to develop or update national methane reduction action plans by COP27 in 2022, specific action measures were not clearly defined [2] Monitoring and Reporting - The UN has established a methane emissions monitoring and reporting mechanism for oil and gas companies, with 154 participating companies covering about 42% of global oil and gas production [2] - Despite this, the reported methane emissions from these companies are projected to increase by 250,000 tons annually by 2025, indicating that current reduction rates are insufficient to meet the 2010 targets [2] Industry Response - Some energy companies are beginning to enhance the quality of methane reporting, emphasizing that reliable, measurement-based data is crucial for effective emission reductions and tracking climate goal progress [2]

Core Viewpoint - The adoption of mid-term drying technology for methane reduction in rice paddies is high, primarily driven by cost savings and yield improvement rather than emission reduction [1] Group 1: Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions - Methane and nitrous oxide are significant non-CO2 greenhouse gases in agriculture, with rice cultivation and nitrogen fertilizer application being major sources [1] - China's methane emissions from rice cultivation showed a "growth then stabilization" trend from 1994 to 2021, while nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural land significantly decreased after 2012 due to fertilizer reduction policies [1] Group 2: Challenges in Emission Reduction - Achieving simultaneous goals of emission reduction, high yield, and low cost in agriculture is challenging, as practices like controlled irrigation can lower methane emissions but may increase nitrous oxide emissions and affect crop stability [2] - Extreme weather conditions, such as increased rainfall in North China, pose new challenges for crop yields, necessitating a shift in crop types and cultivation strategies [2] Group 3: Technological Solutions for Low Carbon and High Yield - A combination of technologies, including irrigation optimization, fertilizer management, and variety selection, is essential for achieving low carbon and high yield in rice cultivation [3] - A four-year trial demonstrated that a combination of controlled irrigation, efficient nitrogen-reducing fertilizers, and straw incorporation can reduce methane emissions by 15% to 26% without affecting yields [3]

Core Insights - Daphne Technology focuses on methane reduction technology using non-thermal plasma (NTP) and methane oxidation catalysts (MOC) to effectively reduce methane emissions from industrial and maritime gas engines [7][8] - The company has developed plug-and-play conversion purification equipment that can significantly decrease methane emissions, providing real-time emission data to enhance operational efficiency and regulatory compliance [7][8] Company Overview - Founded in 2017, Daphne Technology is a spin-off from the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, established by Mario Michan, who holds a PhD in Physics from the University of British Columbia [2] - The company has received investments from major players such as Shell Ventures and Saudi Aramco Energy Ventures, and has subsidiaries in Norway and the USA [9][10] Technology and Innovation - Daphne's technology can reduce methane emissions by up to 99% and is compatible with various engine types, including those with lower exhaust temperatures, without affecting engine performance [7][8] - The company’s software allows for real-time monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions, achieving high accuracy in measuring CO2 and methane emissions [9] Market Position and Recognition - Daphne Technology was listed in the 2024 TOP100 Swiss Startups, highlighting its status as one of the most innovative and market-potential companies in Switzerland [12] - The company has received multiple awards and recognitions, including the Horizon 2020 EU funding and the Swiss Environment Department Award [9][12] Financial Milestones - Daphne completed a Series B funding round in October 2021, raising a total of 17 million Swiss Francs, and has secured additional funding from the U.S. Department of Energy's Methane Emission Reduction Program [10]

Core Viewpoint - The oil industry is shifting its focus towards methane emissions reduction, recognizing methane as a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and a key area for achieving carbon neutrality goals [1][3][4]. Group 1: Methane's Rising Importance - Methane is a major component of natural gas and has a heat-trapping ability 80 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period [3]. - The oil and gas sector contributes approximately 30% of global methane emissions, stemming from various stages including extraction, transportation, and refining [3]. - Historically, oil companies have been lax in managing methane emissions due to high recovery costs and lenient regulatory standards [3][4]. Group 2: Driving Forces Behind Methane Reduction - The push for methane reduction is driven by China's carbon neutrality goals, requiring the oil sector to lower emissions throughout the entire lifecycle [4]. - Market pressures are increasing, with major asset management firms like BlackRock indicating they will divest from companies with excessive methane emissions [4]. - Technological advancements, such as laser remote sensing and AI algorithms, have significantly improved methane monitoring efficiency [4][6]. Group 3: China's Proactive Approach - China is the largest crude oil importer and a significant contributor to global methane emissions, accounting for about 15% of total emissions [6]. - The Chinese government has implemented a clear roadmap for methane reduction, aiming for a reduction in emission intensity to 0.15% by 2025 and 0.1% by 2030 [6][7]. - Companies like Sinopec and PetroChina have established over 50 methane recovery systems, showcasing practical applications of advanced technologies [6][7]. Group 4: Challenges and Opportunities - Key challenges include technological limitations in precise methane detection and resource utilization, as well as balancing economic growth with emission reduction [8]. - The competitive landscape is intensifying, with Western oil giants also investing heavily in methane reduction technologies [8]. - However, China's large market and complete industrial chain present unique opportunities for rapid advancement in methane reduction efforts [8][9]. Group 5: Implications for Energy Transition - The shift from neglecting methane to actively pursuing its reduction reflects a broader transformation in China's energy sector, emphasizing quality over quantity [9]. - China's methane reduction initiatives serve as a model for balancing development and emission reduction in emerging economies [9]. - The ultimate goal is to turn every methane leak into a resource and every emission into a driver for green transformation, positioning China as a leader in the global green revolution [9].

Core Insights - The IEA's report highlights that global methane emissions in the energy sector have not peaked yet, with significant challenges in enforcement and high emissions from abandoned mines [1][2] - China's methane emissions intensity from oil and gas is below the global average, while coal methane emissions intensity is on par with global levels, indicating notable achievements in methane control [1][2] Global Methane Emissions - Methane emissions from the fossil fuel sector contribute approximately one-third of human-induced methane emissions, with annual emissions exceeding 120 million tons [2] - The IEA estimates that reported methane emissions from the energy sector are about 80% higher than the data submitted by countries to the UNFCCC, primarily due to a lack of actual measurement data [2] Methane Control Initiatives - As of the end of 2024, 159 countries, including the EU, have joined the Global Methane Pledge, covering 50% of global methane emissions from human activities [2] - Despite the commitments, many countries have not implemented substantial control measures, with only half having detailed regulatory frameworks [2] Abandoned Mine Emissions - Methane emissions from abandoned mines are underestimated, accounting for about 5% of global methane emissions from energy activities, with around 8 million abandoned oil and gas wells globally [3] - China accounts for approximately 60% of global methane emissions from abandoned coal mines, while the U.S. contributes about 40% from abandoned oil and gas wells [3] Impact on China's Energy Consumption - The EU is seeking to establish regulations for methane emissions from imported energy, which could reshape the energy trade system [4] - By 2030, fossil fuel importers must demonstrate compliance with EU-set methane intensity limits, impacting China's energy import costs and strategies [4] China's Methane Emissions from Imports - China's implicit methane emissions from imported energy are significant, with approximately 10 million tons attributed to imports, surpassing levels from the EU, Japan, and South Korea [5] - The majority of these emissions stem from oil and gas imports from Russia and the Middle East [5] Recommendations for Methane Control in China - A systematic assessment of international methane control regulations' impact on China's energy trade is recommended, focusing on tracking the implementation of methane emission standards by major trading partners [6] - Establishing a methane emissions accounting system for imported energy is suggested, including a database covering extraction, processing, and transportation stages [6] - Initiating a national survey on methane emissions from abandoned mines is advised, with a focus on monitoring and remediation responsibilities [6]

Group 1: China's Role in Global Energy Transition - China plays a crucial role in the global energy transition as a leading provider of solar panels and battery technologies, holding the largest market share in these technologies [1][19] - The country has consistently exceeded its renewable energy targets, achieving a 1,200 GW installed capacity goal originally set for 2030 by 2024, showcasing rapid progress in clean energy deployment [1][17] - If current emission reduction momentum is maintained, China may achieve its carbon peak target 3-5 years ahead of schedule [1][18] Group 2: Global Climate Goals and Technological Advancements - Despite potential impacts from U.S. policy changes, global deployment of solar and wind energy continues to accelerate, with significant cost reductions in renewable energy technologies [2][3] - Achieving the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C remains feasible, contingent on rapid advancements in energy transition technologies [4][5] - Key tasks in the energy transition include decarbonizing the power system, electrification, and addressing residual emissions, with the power system decarbonization being critical [2][4] Group 3: Investment and Market Dynamics - Global investments in solar, wind, and battery technologies remain robust, with nearly $1 trillion still flowing into these sectors despite some slowdown [6][7] - The oil demand is expected to peak in the early 2030s, driven by the acceleration of vehicle electrification and declining oil consumption in power generation and residential heating [10][13] - Natural gas, particularly LNG, is positioned to play a key transitional role in the energy structure, especially as a cleaner alternative to coal [14] Group 4: Belt and Road Initiative and Energy Cooperation - The Belt and Road Initiative is expected to prioritize solar and battery storage projects, providing transformative opportunities for regions like Africa to bypass traditional fossil fuel infrastructure [2][20] - Distributed "photovoltaic + storage" systems can offer sustainable and cost-effective energy solutions for areas lacking local fossil fuel resources, reinforcing China's position as a leading supplier of clean energy technology [20]

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Methane Conference in Beijing emphasizes the importance of global methane reduction efforts, focusing on innovation and cooperation to accelerate progress in methane governance [1][3]. Group 1: China's Methane Reduction Efforts - China has made significant progress in methane reduction across various sectors, including energy, agriculture, and waste management, with a focus on coal mine gas utilization and zero landfill initiatives in several provinces [3]. - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has initiated comprehensive strategies for methane reduction, emphasizing monitoring, public awareness, and the synergy between methane reduction, energy security, and ecological protection [3]. - The urgency of methane control is highlighted due to its strong short-term warming effect, which is crucial for quickly mitigating climate change [3]. Group 2: International Cooperation and Innovation - International collaboration is essential for advancing methane reduction, with calls for innovation in technology, data, and regulatory frameworks [4]. - The oil and gas sector is identified as the most cost-effective area for methane reduction, with 60% of emissions potentially addressed using existing technologies without additional costs [4]. - Agricultural practices, such as feed improvement and manure resource utilization, can achieve both emission reductions and increased farmer income [4]. Group 3: Financing and Standards for Methane Reduction - The conference highlighted the role of market mechanisms in driving methane reduction, with a focus on developing methane financing tools and integrating green finance standards [5]. - The need for global data sharing and standard recognition in methane monitoring is emphasized as a key area for future collaboration [5]. - The year 2025 marks a critical phase for methane governance, with the potential for enhanced international cooperation and innovative market tools to support methane reduction efforts [5].

Core Points - China is set to announce a comprehensive 2035 national contribution target covering all greenhouse gases, including methane, ahead of the UN Climate Change Conference [2] - Significant progress has been made in methane emission control in China, particularly in the coal sector, with improvements in emission standards and the introduction of market mechanisms [2][4] - The establishment of an integrated monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system for methane emissions is a key focus for future development [7] Policy Developments - The "National Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Database" was launched in January 2025, expanding the range of greenhouse gases monitored [4] - The number of methane reduction technologies in the "National Key Low-Carbon Technology Promotion Catalog" increased from 1 to 4, indicating a significant enhancement in available technologies [4] Emission Standards - New coalbed methane emission standards prohibit emissions from coal mines with methane concentrations above 8% and extraction rates above 10 cubic meters per minute, a significant tightening from the previous standard of 30% [5] - The implementation of these standards is expected to reduce methane emissions by approximately 50 million tons of CO2 equivalent annually [5] Sectoral Insights - In 2021, China's total methane emissions were approximately 60.645 million tons, with energy activities and agriculture being the primary sources, accounting for 86.5% of emissions [6] - The waste management sector has seen a decline in methane emissions due to changes in waste treatment methods [6] Technological Advancements - The development of a comprehensive MRV system is crucial for effective methane emission control, incorporating ground monitoring, drone, and satellite remote sensing technologies [7][8] - Satellite remote sensing has rapidly advanced, with various countries deploying satellites for methane monitoring, and China aims to enhance its capabilities in this area [8] Market Opportunities - The ongoing improvement of the national carbon market is expected to provide new profit growth points for methane resource utilization companies, promoting emission control and resource utilization [5]