Group 1 - Xi Jinping's rule of law thought is a significant component of the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, representing the latest achievement of the sinicization and modernization of Marxist legal theory [2][4] - The core essence of Xi Jinping's rule of law thought is encapsulated in the "Twelve Persistences," which provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and implementing the rule of law in China [3][4] - The thought emphasizes the integration of Marxist principles with traditional Chinese legal culture and contemporary practices, leading to significant theoretical and practical advancements in the rule of law [4][5] Group 2 - The rule of law is essential for the development of a socialist market economy, and it is emphasized that economic growth must transition from high-speed to high-quality development underpinned by legal frameworks [6][7] - The implementation of the Civil Code and the recent Private Economy Promotion Law are examples of legal measures that support and protect the rights of various ownership entities, reflecting the commitment to a diverse economic structure [7][8] - The establishment of a robust legal system is crucial for creating a favorable business environment, which is necessary for effective market operations and government interventions [8][9] Group 3 - The rapid development of new economic forms, such as the digital economy, necessitates the establishment of clear legal frameworks to balance innovation and risk management [9][10] - Strengthening foreign-related legal construction is vital for safeguarding national sovereignty and economic interests, particularly in the context of expanding high-level openness [10][11] - The media's role in promoting legal awareness and compliance is highlighted, with a focus on enhancing the legal framework to support the media's operations and governance [11][12]

罗思义新著《百年大变局：世界与中国》 【文/观察者网专栏作者 罗思义】 苏联模式的成功和不足 马克思和恩格斯去世太早，没能看到社会主义国家——人类历史上最伟大的智慧成果之一的建立。社会主义国家的建立是他们预见到的社会发展进程，但是 在他们去世后才发生的。在他们有生之年，工人阶级只掌权了几个星期——1871年巴黎工人建立的巴黎公社只存在了72天。 1917年，列宁和布尔什维克党领导十月革命在沙俄取得胜利，建立了世界上第一个社会主义国家。1922年，苏联成立。列宁取得了划时代的成就，他在历史 上首次展示了工人阶级如何掌权——更准确地说，是如何在帝国主义国家掌权。他的思想体系被命名为列宁主义，无疑是对他的这一划时代的成就的认可。 1922—1929年，苏联的政治、经济和社会结构基本上与马克思所设想的一致：政治权力掌握在工人阶级手中；大型工业和其他高度社会化的生产单位，如银 行、通信、铁路和土地的所有权属于国有；农民则继续实行生产个体化，这与中国的家庭联产承包责任制类似。 1929—1933年，苏联的经济和社会结构发生了根本性变化。农业集体化取代了家庭农业，所有的生产、分配和交换单位都被纳入国有部门，所有产品的价格 ...

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the need for a balance between "letting go" and "managing well" in economic work, highlighting the importance of breaking down institutional barriers while ensuring a rule-based economy [1][9] - The concept of "letting go" aims to eliminate obstacles to productivity, while "managing well" focuses on establishing a legal framework for economic activities [1][6] - The central economic work meeting outlines the necessity of combining effective market mechanisms with proactive government roles to stimulate economic vitality and ensure stability [1][2][12] Group 2 - The implementation of machine-based bidding processes in Hunan has increased the winning rate of private enterprises from 73.65% to 82.9%, showcasing a move towards a fairer competitive market environment [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the need for a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, aiming to enhance the role of the market in resource allocation [2][10] - The introduction of new regulations and measures, such as the Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision Regulations, aims to strengthen oversight and accountability in market operations [5][10] Group 3 - The establishment of a social credit system is identified as a foundational aspect of the market economy, with recent policies aimed at enhancing credit construction and ensuring fair competition [10][11] - The central economic work meeting has set clear directives for stabilizing the real estate market and managing local government debt risks, emphasizing the importance of risk prevention in economic governance [11] - The need for continuous reform to improve the efficiency of market mechanisms and government interventions is highlighted, with various local initiatives aimed at enhancing market vitality [12][13][14]

Group 1 - The core idea emphasizes the need for a balance between "letting go" and "managing well" in economic work, highlighting the importance of breaking down institutional barriers while ensuring a rule-based economy [1][10] - The "Five Musts" outlined by Xi Jinping provide a framework for addressing development challenges, stimulating internal dynamics, and mitigating risks [1][10] - The focus on creating a fair and competitive market environment is essential for promoting high-quality development, as indicated by the increase in the bidding success rate of private enterprises in Hunan from 73.65% to 82.9% [2] Group 2 - The establishment of a high-standard market system is crucial for maximizing resource allocation efficiency, as stated by experts [3] - Recent measures, such as the approval of the Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision Regulations, aim to clarify responsibilities and enhance market vitality through reduced administrative approvals [4] - The importance of market rules and a conducive environment for fair competition is emphasized, ensuring equal access to production factors for all business entities [5] Group 3 - The government's role is essential in regulating market order, with recent policies focusing on risk prevention and maintaining economic stability [12] - The ongoing reforms aim to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and reduce institutional costs, as seen in various regional initiatives [16] - The need for continuous improvement in the relationship between an effective market and a proactive government is highlighted as a key focus for future reforms [15]

破立并举 更好发挥市场机制作用 以机器管招投标，排除人为因素不当干扰——这是湖南今年推行的一项重点举措，旨在营造公平竞 争市场环境。 "招投标全程留痕、时间缩短，所有企业可以同台竞技。"长沙奥体中心项目承建企业浙江卡森建设 有限公司项目经理徐龙银说。截至目前，在湖南，民营企业中标率从去年的73.65%升至82.9%。 日前举行的中央经济工作会议上，习近平总书记以"五个必须"概括做好新形势下经济工作新的认识 和体会。"必须做到既'放得活'又'管得好'"，是其中重要内容。 习近平总书记在会议上强调，"放"的目的是破除影响生产力发展的体制机制障碍，"管"的本质要求 是建设法治经济。 习近平总书记的重要论述，深刻揭示了社会主义市场经济的运行规律，为破解发展难题、激发内生 动力、防范化解风险提供了科学指引。坚持有效市场和有为政府相结合，精准把握"放"和"管"的辩证关 系，扎实落实会议各项部署，必将持续推动中国经济活力迸发、行稳致远。 新华社北京12月17日电 题：必须做到既"放得活"又"管得好"——学习领会"五个必须"做好明年经 济工作 新华社记者 习近平总书记深刻指出："坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，核心问题是处理好 ...

习近平总书记明确指出："建设全国统一大市场，不仅是构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展的需要，而 且是赢得国际竞争主动权的需要。我国作为全球第二大消费市场，必须把全国统一大市场建设好，增强 我们从容应对风险挑战的底气。" 深入学习领会这一重要论述，结合党的二十届四中全会进一步作出"坚决破除阻碍全国统一大市场建设 卡点堵点"的工作部署，以及近日召开的中央经济工作会议强调"纵深推进全国统一大市场建设"，把"坚 持内需主导，建设强大国内市场"列为明年经济工作首要任务，可以看到，建设全国统一大市场，不仅 是一个重大经济命题，更是以习近平同志为核心的党中央立足新发展阶段作出的全局性、战略性安排， 彰显鲜明的时代性、政治性，既指明了经济治理导向，也提出了重大政治任务。 连日来，经济日报以刊发读者来信为发端，瞄准畅通经济循环目标，聚焦统一大市场建设的突出问题， 形成了一组调研报告，已连续刊发，引起社会各界广泛关注。在这一过程中，我们也收获了许多深刻感 悟。 从讲政治的高度认识全国统一大市场 当前，世界百年变局加速演进，来自外部的打压遏制不断升级，不稳定、不确定、难预料因素增多。与 此同时，我国即将进入的"十五五"时期，是基本实现 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of China's economic governance, emphasizing the shift from "管得住" (control well) to "管得好" (manage well), highlighting the need for a balance between effective market mechanisms and proactive government roles [1][2][3]. Economic Governance Shift - The relationship between government and market has been a central theme in China's economic reforms, with increasing emphasis on the market's role in resource allocation under government oversight [2]. - The evolution of party congresses reflects a growing understanding of the market's decisive role in resource allocation, culminating in the latest emphasis on a balanced approach between market freedom and government regulation [2][3]. Policy Focus - "放得活" (let it thrive) focuses on maximizing market potential through simplified regulations and encouraging innovation, while "管得好" (manage well) aims for quality and efficiency in governance [3][4]. - The shift in focus from risk control to a collaborative approach of vitality and order signifies a transformation in government roles from strict controllers to facilitators and service providers [3][4]. Practical Examples - The article provides examples of grassroots initiatives that embody the "管得好" philosophy, such as the relaxation of regulations for small food vendors and the establishment of supportive environments for new industries [6][7]. - These cases illustrate the government's transition to a role that emphasizes service and guidance, fostering a more dynamic economic environment [6][7]. Future Directions - The "十五五" (15th Five-Year Plan) emphasizes the need for a unified approach to "放得活" and "管得好," with experts suggesting the importance of legal frameworks, innovative regulatory methods, and a service-oriented government [8][9][10]. - Recommendations include enhancing legal protections, adopting advanced technologies for regulation, and redefining government roles to focus on enabling rather than controlling market activities [9][10].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of effectively combining a market-driven economy with proactive government intervention to enhance the socialist market economy in China, as outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan [1][2]. Group 1: Significance of Combining Market and Government - The understanding of the relationship between government and market has deepened over 40 years of reform and opening up, with a focus on utilizing both the "invisible hand" of the market and the "visible hand" of the government [2][3]. - The 15th Five-Year period is crucial for achieving socialist modernization, making the combination of an effective market and a proactive government essential for maintaining stable economic and social development [2][3]. Group 2: Economic System Reform - Deepening economic system reform is a key requirement for leveraging the advantages of the socialist market economy, necessitating a clearer delineation of government and market roles to enhance productivity and social vitality [3][4]. - The need for market-oriented reforms is highlighted, addressing existing barriers to competition and government inefficiencies [3][4]. Group 3: High-Quality Development - High-quality development is the primary task during the 15th Five-Year period, requiring a comprehensive implementation of new development concepts to ensure effective qualitative and quantitative economic growth [4][5]. - The synergy between market forces and government actions is crucial for achieving high-quality development, with the market driving innovation and the government ensuring a healthy operational environment [4][5]. Group 4: Domestic Circulation and External Challenges - Strengthening domestic circulation is essential to counterbalance external uncertainties, with a focus on maximizing the roles of both government and market in resource allocation [5][6]. - The article emphasizes the importance of leveraging China's large population and economic scale to enhance domestic demand and resource utilization [5][6]. Group 5: Market System Construction - The establishment of a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system is necessary for optimizing resource allocation and enhancing market vitality [6][7]. - The article outlines the need for a nationwide unified market that promotes fair competition and reduces barriers to entry [7][8]. Group 6: Fair Competition and Legal Framework - Ensuring fair competition is fundamental to market economics, with ongoing efforts to strengthen competition policies and eliminate monopolistic practices [8][9]. - The construction of a legal and credit-based economy is essential for guiding economic activities and enhancing the credibility of market participants [9][10]. Group 7: Government Regulation and Service Improvement - Effective government regulation is necessary to correct market failures and ensure compliance with competition standards [10][11]. - Improving government services is vital for fostering a conducive business environment, with a focus on efficiency and responsiveness to the needs of enterprises and citizens [11][12].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening the fiscal and tax system reform in China as a fundamental requirement for achieving high-quality development and advancing the modernization of the country [2][3][4]. Group 1: Significance of Fiscal and Tax Reform - Deepening fiscal and tax system reform is crucial for modernizing the national governance system and enhancing governance capabilities [2]. - The reform is seen as a key measure to address the changing social contradictions and the increasing public demand for economic efficiency, green development, social equity, and regional balance [3][4]. - The establishment of a modern fiscal system is essential for ensuring stable financial support for government activities and optimizing resource allocation [2][3]. Group 2: Economic Context and Challenges - China's GDP for 2024 is projected to be 134.91 trillion yuan, with the secondary and tertiary industries accounting for 36.5% and 56.7% of GDP, respectively [3]. - The fiscal system faces challenges such as income distribution disparities and the need for a more equitable tax system to support common prosperity [6]. - The aging population is expected to reach 22% by the end of 2024, necessitating adjustments in the fiscal operation model to accommodate demographic changes [6]. Group 3: Principles for Reform - The reform should enhance fiscal sustainability, ensuring stable revenue to support necessary government expenditures [7]. - Improving economic efficiency is vital, with a focus on reducing resource misallocation and promoting high-quality economic development [7]. - Maintaining social equity through tax system optimization and increased investment in education, healthcare, and social security is essential [8]. Group 4: Key Focus Areas for Implementation - Establishing a comprehensive, transparent, and scientifically standardized budget system is critical for effective governance and resource allocation [9]. - Reforming the tax system to adapt to new economic realities, including the digital economy, is necessary for maintaining fiscal health [10]. - Strengthening the fiscal relationship between central and local governments to alleviate financial pressures on local authorities is a priority [11].

Core Insights - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session has outlined the direction for China's future development, emphasizing "high-quality development" as the core theme for the 15th Five-Year Plan, aiming for "qualitative effective improvement" and "reasonable quantitative growth" [1] Group 1: Transformation Core - The essence of China's economic transformation is a long marathon of market-oriented reforms that challenge and break through existing systemic barriers [2] - The current dilemma in the digital economy reflects a coexistence of arbitrary administrative intervention and a lack of institutional rules, necessitating continuous market-oriented reforms to replace policy arbitrariness with stable and transparent institutional certainty [2] Group 2: Growth Momentum - Sustainable growth must derive from "institutional dividends" rather than "policy dividends," focusing on enhancing fundamental institutional environments like property rights protection and fair competition to stimulate endogenous innovation [3] - The old approach of relying heavily on policy support while neglecting institutional guarantees has hindered innovation, indicating a need for deeper institutional reforms to allow market mechanisms to play a decisive role in resource allocation [3] Group 3: Development Goals - High-quality development is not merely about slowing down growth but involves a unified improvement of efficiency and fairness, requiring the dismantling of administrative dominance over resource allocation [4] - The focus should be on "opportunity fairness" and "result adjustment," ensuring that the benefits of reform and development are equitably shared among all citizens [4] Group 4: Open Wisdom - In the face of global challenges, true autonomy requires strengthening competitiveness through open competition, which involves aligning with international high-standard economic and trade rules to drive domestic institutional reforms [5] - Ensuring the security of industrial and supply chains relies on occupying an irreplaceable position in global division of labor, which necessitates institutional innovation to attract global talent, technology, and capital [6] Group 5: Roadmap for the 15th Five-Year Plan - Achieving "qualitative effective improvement" and "reasonable quantitative growth" requires a systematic support framework, focusing on technological self-reliance and breakthroughs in strategic fields like artificial intelligence and biomanufacturing [6] - Expanding domestic demand and deepening income distribution reforms are essential to stimulate consumer potential, while maintaining a stable macroeconomic policy to ensure economic operation within a reasonable range [6]