从特朗普上一次当总统时，就提出了重振美国制造业的计划，当时他找上郭台铭，要郭台铭到美国建 厂，美国给予补贴，希望借此推动苹果回美国制造。 后来郭台铭表示愿意投资100亿美元到威斯康辛州建厂，而特朗普表示会提供合计30亿美元的税收优 惠。 同时特朗普还称富士康在美国的工厂，会是世界第8大奇迹。 后来的结果，大家都知道的，这个项目烂尾了，所谓的世界第八大奇迹，彻底成为笑话。 但特朗普重振美国制造的计划可没变，于是在他第二任上台后，就搞出了各种措施，其实就是想推动美 国制造的的发展，让美国企业的制造回流。 当然，他同样还是盯上了苹果，不断的、多次公开喊话苹果，希望苹果回美国制造。 并且不仅仅是施压的问题，特朗普更是直接威胁称，如果苹果不在美国制造，要对苹果加25%的关税， 希望以此来逼苹果在美国制造。 但是对于这个施压，库克一直想办法拖延，宁愿将苹果放到印度、越南等地制造，也不愿意回迁美国。 库克一再表示称，苹果之所以在中国制造，是经过深思熟虑的，因为中国有着最完善的电子制造产业 链，积累了深厚的工艺技术底蕴，有着技术精湛的、足够的产业工人。 而在一些供应链专家看来，库克很明显是不愿意在美国制造iPhone的。 目 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges faced by the U.S. manufacturing sector in the context of the government's push for "re-shoring" manufacturing jobs, highlighting the disconnect between policy intentions and practical realities [8]. Group 1: Challenges in U.S. Manufacturing - The U.S. manufacturing sector struggles to attract skilled labor, with average wages for manufacturing workers being nearly six times higher than those in Vietnam, yet still failing to draw sufficient American workers [4]. - Over 20% of U.S. factories report that labor supply shortages prevent them from operating at full capacity, indicating a significant gap in skilled labor availability [4]. - The construction costs for factories in the U.S. have doubled over the past four years due to inflation, while many existing factories are over 30 years old and in need of upgrades [5]. Group 2: Comparison with China - China has developed a complete industrial system, being the only country with all industrial categories recognized by the United Nations, which allows for efficient matching of components and processes [4]. - The Chinese manufacturing sector can provide comprehensive services, as demonstrated by a Chinese student's experience in finding a manufacturer that could complete all necessary processes for a design project, unlike the limited options available in the U.S. [2][3]. Group 3: Historical Context - The peak of U.S. manufacturing occurred between the 1940s and 1960s, when it accounted for 28.3% of global manufacturing output and 28% of the U.S. GDP [5]. - Post-World War II, the U.S. benefited from a unique position as a leading industrial power, while other regions were rebuilding, which contributed to its manufacturing dominance [6]. - The rise of competitors like Japan and South Korea in the 1980s, which began to lower labor costs and adopt automation, further challenged U.S. manufacturing [7]. Group 4: Policy Implications - The government's high tariffs have increased costs for raw materials and components, complicating the manufacturing landscape and leading to a cautious investment climate among businesses [5]. - The article suggests that the U.S. government has underestimated the complexities involved in revitalizing the manufacturing sector, as highlighted by the challenges outlined in a recent Economist article [8].

Core Points - Qatar Airways announced a historic procurement agreement with Boeing and GE Aerospace worth up to $96 billion, covering 210 wide-body aircraft and over 400 engines, marking the largest order in both Boeing and GE's history as well as Qatar Airways' largest aircraft purchase since its inception [1][3] - The agreement was announced during U.S. President Trump's four-day visit to the Middle East, which aims to strengthen U.S. manufacturing exports and strategic investments with Middle Eastern countries [1][5] Summary by Sections Aircraft and Engine Orders - Qatar Airways will purchase 210 Boeing wide-body aircraft, including 130 787 Dreamliners and 30 777-9 aircraft, with an option for 50 additional aircraft [3] - The agreement with GE Aerospace includes over 400 engines, comprising 60 GE9X engines and 260 GEnx engines, along with options for spare parts and long-term maintenance services [3] Strategic Importance - This order is seen as a key step for Qatar Airways in achieving global aviation leadership, as it aims to invest in the cleanest, youngest, and most efficient fleet to meet strong market demand [3] - Qatar Airways currently operates over 150 Boeing aircraft, and this order will solidify its influence in the global aviation market, particularly in the Middle East, making it the largest operator of the 787 [3] Economic Impact - The White House stated that this order will support over 1 million American jobs during the production cycle, with approximately 154,000 jobs supported annually [5] - The agreement is part of a broader set of strategic outcomes from President Trump's Middle East visit, which includes various high-tech, defense, and infrastructure projects [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the failure of the Foxconn project in Wisconsin, which was once touted as a symbol of the revival of American manufacturing but has turned into a cautionary tale about the challenges of reshoring manufacturing in the U.S. [1][5] Group 1: The Foxconn Project - The Wisconsin state government offered an unprecedented $3 billion tax incentive to attract Foxconn to build a manufacturing facility, which was expected to create 13,000 jobs and invest $10 billion [4]. - The project has drastically underperformed, with actual investment being less than one-tenth of the promised amount and only 11.5% of the jobs created [4]. - President Biden criticized the Foxconn factory as a "scam" and announced Microsoft's $3.3 billion investment in an AI data center at the same location, effectively ending the Foxconn project [5]. Group 2: Challenges of American Manufacturing - Reviving American manufacturing has been a long-standing goal for multiple U.S. presidents, with significant plans proposed by Obama, Trump, and Biden, but the task remains daunting [6]. - The U.S. manufacturing sector faces high labor costs, with average hourly wages being 6-8 times higher than those in emerging markets, making it difficult to attract skilled labor [7]. - The fragmentation of the domestic supply chain, due to decades of outsourcing, complicates the return of manufacturing, as many critical components are still sourced from Asia [8][9]. Group 3: Economic and Policy Implications - Experts argue that the revival of American manufacturing cannot rely solely on punitive trade measures, as the underlying economic conditions must also be addressed [2][10]. - The process of rebuilding a complete supply chain in the U.S. would require substantial investment and a long time frame, with estimates suggesting it could take 20-30 years [10][11]. - The attempt to force manufacturing back to the U.S. through tariffs is seen as counterproductive and contrary to industry dynamics, with some manufacturers unwilling to invest in the U.S. due to the uncertainty of future trade policies [11][12].

以下文章来源于凤凰网财经 ，作者凤凰网财经 凤凰网财经 . 你好，我们是凤凰网财经，全球华人都在看的财经公众号，传播最有价值的财经报道，你值得关注！欢 迎访问：http://finance.ifeng.com/ 作者： 凤凰网财经 来源： 凤凰网财经（ID：finance_ifeng） 威斯康星州麦迪逊电——芒特普莱森特（Mount Pleasant）这片曾经被寄予厚望的土地，本应 成为美国制造业复兴的标杆，如今却成了经济民族主义政策困境的鲜明注脚。 杂草丛生的道路旁，一座孤零零的玻璃穹顶建筑矗立于此，这里曾是富士康承诺投资100亿美元 打造的"世界第八大奇迹"——这一项目被美国总统特朗普奉为关税政策能让制造业重归美国的力 证。 然而，现实却与愿景背道而驰。美国前总统拜登在视察这片土地时，怒斥该项目为"一场骗局"， 同时宣布微软将在此投资人工智能数据中心。 这场闹剧揭示了一个残酷的现实：即便有数十亿美元的税收优惠和无理的对华贸易战加持，全球 供应链的底层逻辑——从高昂的劳动力成本到支离破碎的产业生态——依然难以被华盛顿的政策 意志所撼动。 如今，随着特朗普再度以加征关税为竞选纲领，经济学家和企业高管纷纷警告， ...