委内瑞拉总统马杜罗被美军抓获并带到了美国，这一事件震惊全球。好多网友感慨，坐拥全球世界第一 石油储量的国家，怎么混成这样了呢？恰恰是因为只会"玩"石油。 文丨金融八卦女作者：乌彦祖假正经 · · · 2026年1月3日凌晨，委内瑞拉总统马杜罗被美军抓获并带到了美国，这一事件震惊全球。该国本就不算 稳当的时局，现在又增添了诸多不确定性。 好多网友感慨，坐拥全球世界第一石油储量的国家，怎么混成这样了呢？也有网友评价，恰恰是因为只 会"玩"石油，才导致了现在的状况。 其实委内瑞拉不用学别的国家，就跟国内的富豪学习一下，也不至于此。 2025年4月《福布斯》发布南美富豪榜，来自委内瑞拉的胡安·卡洛斯·埃斯科特（Juan Carlos Escotet）以 74亿美元的身价登榜。发榜前一年，他财富增加了68%，2024年他还是委内瑞拉第五富豪，2025年直接 冲到国家首富。 他为什么能够在大环境不好的情况下，"逆周期"获得财富呢？ ▲胡安·卡洛斯·埃斯科特 1959 年埃斯科特生于西班牙马德里，后随父母移居到委内瑞拉。17岁，父母帮他谋得一份在委内瑞拉 联合银行做信使的差事，他一边工作一边读夜校，不仅拿到了经济学学士学位 ...

瞄准这些核心技术方向的同时，贺克斌还提醒，全球协同推进碳中和需直面三重严峻挑战： 一是技术创新挑战，在支撑全球2050年碳中和目标的技术中，约一半尚未实现商业化，未来竞争与创新 空间巨大； 二是供应链与资源挑战，新能源产业所需的关键矿产资源（如锂、钴、稀土等）需求将激增，可能面临 资源约束和价格波动。中国在稀土加工和电池制造等中下游环节优势显著，但上游资源保障是关键。与 此同时，大规模退役光伏板、风机叶片、动力电池的循环利用将成为必需的新兴产业； （原标题：贺克斌：迈向碳中和，技术依赖成全球能源竞争新焦点） 南方财经 21世纪经济报道记者 郑青亭、实习生王馨梓 12月18日，《财经》年会2026：预测与战略暨2025全球财富管理论坛在北京开幕。中国工程院院士、清 华大学碳中和研究院院长贺克斌在主旨演讲中指出，世界经济正在从对能源的"资源依赖"走向对能源 的"技术依赖"，谁能率先建成并掌控关键技术，谁就掌握了未来发展的主动权。 他强调，对于中国等发展中国家而言，推动"双碳"行动不仅是应对气候变化的需要，也与解决常规环境 污染（如PM2.5）、建设美丽中国、推动产业升级和经济竞争力提升三大逻辑紧密相连。他通过模型 ...

Core Insights - Zinc holds a significant position in the global metal industry, ranking fourth in both production and consumption, with an annual market value of $40 billion [1] - The U.S. zinc industry has faced a decline, with its production accounting for only about 6% of the global total, significantly lagging behind China's 33% [4][5] - The Red Dog mine in Alaska, which produces nearly 70% of U.S. zinc, is facing resource depletion challenges, with predictions of a 7% production decline by 2025 and closure by 2031 [5][6] Industry Overview - Zinc's primary value lies in its galvanizing properties, which prevent corrosion in steel materials, making it essential in construction, infrastructure, and manufacturing [1] - The refining process of zinc also allows for the extraction of germanium and gallium, both of which are critical for the semiconductor industry, with the U.S. lacking domestic production capabilities for these minerals [1] Historical Context - Historically, the U.S. dominated the zinc processing sector with 19 large processing plants, but strategic shifts and reduced government intervention led to a decline in domestic production [3][4] - By the late 1980s, the U.S. zinc industry had significantly deteriorated, with outdated infrastructure and a lack of new investments [4] Current Challenges - The U.S. zinc industry is experiencing structural issues, including a lack of exploration investment, which has resulted in a significant decline in new resource discoveries [7] - The average zinc grade in new projects is considerably lower than historical levels, indicating a decline in resource quality [9] - The U.S. is heavily reliant on imports for refined zinc, with 73% of its refined zinc coming from abroad, despite having a domestic production of zinc concentrate [9][11] Future Prospects - The Hermosa project in Arizona is highlighted as a strategic mining development that could produce both zinc and manganese, with significant reserves and a promising future [6] - The global zinc consumption demand is expected to rise, driven by the automotive industry, with forecasts indicating an increase of nearly 700,000 tons annually by 2030 [6] Market Dynamics - The zinc market is currently facing a supply-demand imbalance, with a projected supply gap of 164,000 tons in 2024, leading to challenges for refining operations [10] - The price of zinc has dropped nearly 33% from its peak in 2022, exacerbating the difficulties faced by the industry [10][11] - Trade tensions, particularly with Canada, threaten the stability of the North American zinc supply chain, impacting downstream industries reliant on zinc [11]

Group 1 - The core issue revolves around the depletion of U.S. stored rare earth resources due to a prolonged tariff conflict, leading to production halts in automotive and defense sectors, prompting a strategic compromise with China to restore rare earth exports [1] - Russia expresses concern over the potential use of rare earth resources for sanctions against itself, prompting a rapid adjustment of its industrial structure to reduce dependency on China [1][6] - Russia has initiated rare earth development projects in regions like Murmansk, Irkutsk, and Yakutia, aiming for an annual production of 50,000 tons by 2030 and reducing foreign dependency from 75% to 45% [3] Group 2 - Historically, Russia established a nascent rare earth industry during the Soviet era, currently holding about 20% of global rare earth reserves, approximately 3.8 million tons, ranking fifth globally [4] - Post-Soviet economic decline led to a significant gap in rare earth technology and a reliance on Chinese imports for 70% of its rare earth needs [6] - Both the U.S. and Russia face significant challenges in re-establishing their rare earth industries, with the U.S. lacking a solid industrial foundation and Russia facing capital and technological barriers due to China's dominance in the sector [8]