——编 者 一个新起点，接着一个新起点 葛剑雄 去年12月，我八十初度，一家杂志约稿，我在文末写上"80岁可以是新起点"。现在这一年即将过去，回 顾"我的2025"，这个新起点差堪自慰。 这一年我继续担任香港中文大学(深圳)图书馆馆长。同时在复旦大学指导2名博士生，又新招了一名博 士生，完成科研任务。担任《中华人民共和国国家历史地图集》第二册的执行主编。至少完成了两份正 常工作量。 我出版了几本书。两本是个人文集(已出1—7卷)的续编：第八卷《何以中国》，第九卷《也是读书》。 一本是由出版社选编的我的相关文章《江河流淌看中国》。一本是我撰写的《谭其骧学术传记》。另一 本是我撰写的普及类著作《大地上的中国史：藏在地理里的历史》，香港已出了繁体字版。我的多种旧 著再版重印，其中去年出版的《四海之内：中国历史四十讲》发行近3万册，《悠悠长水：谭其骧传》 也受到读者欢迎。 回首这一年的难忘时光，我们该如何写下"我的2025"？ 2025年，对于一位耄耋之年的学者来说，是忙碌而充实的"新起点"；对于一位眼科医生来说，是用专 业、冷静和温暖努力去解索；对于一位关注青少年成长的作家来说，是用文字让生命"要有光"；对于一 位 ...

70岁的广西奶奶肖大妹，磨了大半辈子豆腐，在66岁那年拿起了笔。女儿对她说："妈妈，写你看见的 人，写你经历过的事。"于是，她从画门前的花草开始，渐渐写到了命运多舛的亲人，写尽了二十年磨 豆腐的甘苦。今年11月，肖大妹站在上海鲁迅公园小红书文学节的领奖台上，坦然道："这比磨豆腐容 易。"而在北京，57岁的家政工李文丽，于忙碌的间隙写下二十余万字。从甘肃的黄土地到北京王府井 的剧场舞台，她借助写作、绘画与舞蹈，将自己活成了追梦的模样。 与此同时，普通写作者出书、"出圈"，已成为一股不可忽视的声浪。2025年，"外卖诗人"王计兵出版了 新诗集《手持人间一束光》，"矿工诗人"陈年喜推出了散文集《人间旅馆》。一大批新鲜的作者与作品 涌入公众视野。在菜市场摆摊的陈慧出版了第五本书《她乡》，而肖大妹在网上被年轻人喜爱的图文自 传，也正紧锣密鼓地走向出版。 天津人民出版社推出的"五十岁打工人"纪实书系，已出版《房产销售员日记》《银行职员日记》等六 种。这些作者在人生中途遭遇变故，被迫扛起生存重担，却不约而同地选择用笔，将汗水、泪水与人情 冷暖原原本本地"写下来"。他们没有被生活击垮，而是在挺过来之后，用书写完成对艰难人生的 ...

《 人民日报 》（ 2025年12月12日 20 版） (责编：袁勃、赵欣悦) 青少年心理健康，牵动着家庭、学校与社会的神经。青少年为心理健康高风险群体，作家梁鸿用3年多 时间走近那些被情绪问题困住的孩子，走近家长、教师、精神科医生、心理咨询师，写下了交织着人文 温度与现实重量的非虚构新作《要有光》。 该书以京城、滨海市、丹县三地为样本，兼顾了超大城市、中等城市、县城乡镇的不同光谱。经由作者 细腻的讲述，我们会发现，青少年心理问题往往是一系列连锁反应的结果。有的是原生家庭的情感疏离 将孩子推入深渊，有的是教育竞争的内卷把家庭拖入焦虑旋涡。作者变换叙事视角呈现孩子的内心世 界，用对话、日记、特写等多元文体为每个人留出倾诉的空间，用文学的方式让数据变得有血有肉，让 情绪变得真切可感。 《要有光》在直面青少年心理健康的同时，也引发我们对养育与教育的思考。曾经带给许多70后、80后 父母梦想与荣光的求学路，何以成为下一代过不去的坎？作者用大量真实案例让读者意识到，如果把培 养孩子变成一场场通关升级，把成绩视作衡量价值的唯一标准，那么这些最终都会化为压在孩子头顶的 如山重负。 如书名所示，《要有光》执着地寻找光、看见光 ...

Core Insights - The book "To Have Light" by Liang Hong explores the fundamental question of what love is and how to express it, particularly in the context of children suffering from emotional issues and school dropout [2][4] Group 1: Themes of Parental Influence - The narrative highlights that mothers can be a source of pain for their children, as seen in the case of a girl named Minmin, who faced physical abuse from her mother during a tumultuous period in their family [4][8] - Liang Hong reflects on her own experiences as a mother, revealing her internal conflicts and the emotional toll of trying to connect with her son amidst growing tensions [4][5] Group 2: Mental Health Statistics - Liang Hong's research indicates that 30% of depression patients are under 18, with 50% of these being school students, showcasing a concerning trend of increasing mental health issues among youth [6] - The prevalence of depression among adolescents is reported to be between 15% and 20%, indicating a significant public health concern that requires urgent attention [6] Group 3: Personal Stories and Experiences - The book includes personal accounts from various children, such as a girl named Yaya, who experienced severe anxiety and depression due to academic pressure, leading to a mental health crisis [7][10] - Another case involves a boy known as the "Flower Arm Boy," who faced abandonment and neglect, resulting in severe emotional and psychological issues [9] Group 4: Societal Reflections - Liang Hong's observations reveal a broader societal issue where parents often express disdain for their children when they struggle academically, reflecting a harsh reality in parental expectations [11] - The narrative emphasizes the need for a cultural shift in how parents perceive and interact with their children, suggesting that deep-seated beliefs and behaviors contribute to the ongoing cycle of emotional distress [11][12]

Group 1 - The core argument of the article revolves around the systemic unfairness in the modern American labor market, particularly focusing on low wages and the factors influencing wage determination [5][6][9] - The author critiques traditional economic theories that link wages directly to risk or productivity, arguing that this assumption does not hold true in practice [6][9] - The book discusses how employers maintain low wages through policies like salary secrecy and non-compete agreements, which limit employees' bargaining power [6][9] Group 2 - The author identifies key factors in wage determination, including power dynamics, inertia, imitation, and fairness, which challenge mainstream human capital and job theories [6][9] - The analysis highlights the role of weakened unions and the shareholder primacy ideology in contributing to wage stagnation and widening income inequality in the U.S. [6][9] - The book suggests that the current plight of American workers is not coincidental but rather a result of carefully designed systemic forces [8][9] Group 3 - The author proposes comprehensive reform ideas aimed at raising minimum wages, expanding the middle class, and limiting elite incomes, which face significant political resistance in a weakened union environment [9] - The discussion includes the importance of understanding organizational performance metrics and the underlying power intentions rather than blindly accepting them [7][9] - The book emphasizes the need for workers to critically assess the performance indicators set by organizations to recognize the power dynamics at play [9]

Core Insights - The book "要有光" by Liang Hong focuses on the psychological struggles of contemporary Chinese youth, highlighting the disconnect between parents and children in understanding each other's pain [2][6][28] - Liang Hong's investigation reveals a significant rise in mental health issues among adolescents, with 30% of depression patients being under 18, and 50% of these patients being students [2][7] Group 1: Psychological Issues Among Youth - The narrative includes the story of a girl named Min Min, who suffers from domestic violence and subsequently drops out of school for three years due to her mental health struggles [2][11] - The book emphasizes the increasing prevalence of depression among young people, with statistics indicating that 77% and 69% of student patients experience issues related to interpersonal and family relationships [2][7] - Liang Hong's research involved interviews with various stakeholders, including students, parents, teachers, and psychologists, to present a comprehensive view of the psychological landscape faced by youth in modern China [3][6] Group 2: Parental Relationships and Educational Pressures - The author discusses the challenges parents face in connecting with their children, often feeling helpless and confused about how to support them [7][8] - The book highlights the detrimental effects of high parental expectations and rigid educational systems, which can lead to severe mental health issues in children [19][20] - The experiences of different families illustrate the varying impacts of educational pressures, with some children feeling isolated and unsupported despite their parents' good intentions [19][21] Group 3: Support Systems and Community Responses - The narrative includes the role of a tutor named Uncle, who provides a safe space for troubled students, allowing them to express their feelings without judgment [14][15] - The book portrays the importance of creating dialogue between parents and children, as well as between parents and mental health professionals, to address the underlying issues of youth mental health [15][28] - The author aims to shed light on the complexities of these issues, encouraging readers to reflect on their own experiences and the societal factors contributing to youth mental health crises [28][30]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the psychological struggles faced by contemporary Chinese youth, emphasizing the disconnect between parents and children, and the urgent need to address adolescent mental health issues [3][4][10]. Group 1: Adolescent Mental Health Issues - A significant portion of depression cases in China involves individuals under 18, with 30% of all depression patients being in this age group, and 50% of them are students [3]. - The trend of depression is increasingly affecting younger populations, highlighting a societal need for greater awareness and intervention in adolescent mental health [3][4]. Group 2: Parental Challenges - Many parents struggle to connect with their children, often feeling helpless and confused about how to support them through their emotional difficulties [9][10]. - The article illustrates the emotional burden on parents, particularly mothers, who often feel isolated in their struggles while fathers may remain detached [18][19]. Group 3: Case Studies and Personal Narratives - The narrative includes various personal stories of adolescents like Minmin and Yaya, who face severe emotional distress due to family dynamics and societal pressures [11][13][30]. - The experiences shared by these youths reveal the complexities of their mental health issues, often exacerbated by parental expectations and societal norms [22][24]. Group 4: Educational Environment and Societal Expectations - The article critiques the educational system and societal pressures that contribute to the mental health crisis among youth, noting that high expectations can lead to anxiety and depression [29][30]. - It highlights the contrasting experiences of children from different socio-economic backgrounds, indicating that while middle-class families may impose strict educational demands, rural children face different challenges such as parental absence [30][31]. Group 5: The Role of Support Systems - The importance of supportive environments, such as counseling centers and community programs, is emphasized as crucial for helping troubled youth [17][18]. - The narrative showcases individuals like Uncle, who provide emotional support and understanding to children facing mental health challenges, creating safe spaces for them to express their feelings [17][18].

Core Insights - The article discusses the urgent need for reform in the education system, highlighting the mental health crisis among students and the overwhelming pressure they face [2][3][4] - It emphasizes the societal responsibility to address these issues collectively, rather than placing blame solely on individuals [3][5][6] Education System Challenges - The current education system is described as a "black hole" that lacks light, indicating a dire need for transparency and improvement [3][4] - Students experience extreme pressure, leading to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, with many feeling trapped in a cycle of competition and expectations [6][7][8] Parental Influence and Expectations - Parents often contribute to the pressure on children, driven by societal norms and the desire for their children to attend prestigious universities [5][12][13] - The narrative reveals a disconnect between parental expectations and children's mental well-being, with many parents failing to recognize the detrimental effects of their demands [10][11][12] Mental Health and Well-being - The article highlights the alarming increase in mental health issues among students, including self-harm and suicidal thoughts, as a direct consequence of the current educational pressures [6][7][9] - There is a call for better mental health support and understanding within the education system to protect students' well-being [7][8][9] Societal Reflection and Action - The need for societal reflection on the education system's impact on children is emphasized, urging a collective effort to create a healthier environment for learning [3][4][5] - The article suggests that the current educational practices are not only failing students but also perpetuating a cycle of stress and competition that harms future generations [16][17]

Core Insights - The article discusses the psychological struggles faced by students and parents in the context of high academic expectations, particularly regarding prestigious universities like Peking University and Tsinghua University [2][3][5] - It highlights the societal pressures and the emotional toll on families, illustrating a cycle of anxiety and perceived failure that affects both parents and children [6][7][12] Group 1: Psychological Impact on Students - Many students experience immense pressure to succeed academically, leading to feelings of failure if they do not gain admission to top universities [3][6] - The narrative reveals that students often feel trapped in a system that equates their worth with academic performance, resulting in mental health issues such as depression and anxiety [5][13] - The article emphasizes that the societal belief that attending elite universities is the only path to success creates a toxic environment for students [6][9] Group 2: Parental Anxiety and Societal Expectations - Parents are depicted as being deeply affected by their children's academic performance, often feeling that their own worth is tied to their child's success [5][14] - The text illustrates how parents become ensnared in a cycle of anxiety, driven by societal expectations and the fear of failure, which can lead to extreme emotional distress [10][12] - The narrative suggests that this pressure can lead to a detrimental impact on family dynamics, with parents often projecting their fears onto their children [16][18] Group 3: The Illusion of Success - The article critiques the notion that admission to prestigious universities is the ultimate measure of success, arguing that this belief is a societal construct that can lead to disillusionment [2][17] - It discusses how even those who achieve high academic success may still face new anxieties and pressures, indicating that success does not necessarily equate to happiness [17][18] - The text concludes that recognizing and breaking free from these societal expectations can lead to a healthier perspective on education and personal fulfillment [18][19]