编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 钙钛矿光伏 技术的商业化需要克服三大关键障碍：制造过程中有毒溶剂的使用、大面积钙钛矿薄膜的质量不 均问题，以及有限的工作可靠性。 2025 年 12 月 4 日，南京大学 谭海仁 / 肖科 团 队联合 国防科技创新研究院 常 超 研究员及 仁烁光能 的 研究人员，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Science 上 发表了题为： Improved solvent systems for commercially viable perovskite photovoltaic modules 的研究论文。 该研究开发了一种用于商业化 钙钛矿光伏组件制备的 三组分 绿色溶剂 体系，成功 制备出 7200 平方厘米 的稳定钙钛矿光伏组件，其功率转换效率经权威认证高达 17.2%。 为钙钛矿光伏技术的商业化生产开辟了 一条环境友好型路径。 在这项最新研究中，研究团队开发了基于 γ-戊内酯/2-甲基四氢呋喃/二甲基亚砜 （ GVL/2- MeTHF/DMSO ） 的三组分绿色溶剂，以代替 具有毒性的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等溶剂， 并通过添加表面活性 剂使薄膜边缘区域保持均匀的蒸发速率。从而 通过优化离子配位与 ...

Industry News - In the first nine months of 2025, the national electricity market transaction volume increased by 7.2% year-on-year, with September's transaction volume reaching 573.2 billion kWh, a 9.8% increase compared to the previous year [4] - The "China Marine Economy Development Report 2025" was released, highlighting significant developments in coastal marine economies, including the establishment of major industrial clusters in Guangdong and successful trials of the world's first megawatt-level seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device [4] - A record was set as the efficiency of polycrystalline thin-film solar cells exceeded 30% for the first time, certified by Japan's Electric Safety and Environment Technology Laboratory [4] Corporate News - A 26 MW offshore wind turbine developed by Dongfang Electric has successfully connected to the grid, setting new records for single-unit capacity and rotor diameter, indicating China's leadership in high-end offshore wind equipment manufacturing [5] - The Tarim Oilfield has completed a 15.66 MW solar thermal project cluster, with the new systems expected to replace 100 tons of standard coal per well annually, achieving zero carbon emissions in oil and gas heating [6] - The world's highest dam and largest water head variation pumped storage power station has commenced commercial operation, with six units installed, expected to save approximately 140,000 tons of coal annually [6] - The Xinjiang Oilfield, China's first major oilfield, has produced 470 million tons of crude oil and 112.1 billion cubic meters of natural gas over 70 years, contributing significantly to national energy security [8] - Huadian International reported a 15.87% year-on-year increase in net profit for the third quarter, with revenues of 95.872 billion yuan, a decrease of 9.72% year-on-year [8] - Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL) has become the top holding of public funds, with 1.408 billion shares held by 1,408 funds, a 45.78% increase in market value compared to the previous quarter [8] Local News - Fujian Province has released a plan to promote the sustainable development of renewable energy pricing mechanisms [9] - Over 60% of Inner Mongolia's natural gas is being transported to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, with a total proven recoverable reserve of 1.3 trillion cubic meters [9] International News - Uzbekistan showcased its "Mining-Metal-Market" full-chain model at the China International Mining Conference, attracting significant attention for its comprehensive approach to resource integration [11] - Ukraine requires financing of $1.9 billion to import over 4 billion cubic meters of natural gas for winter due to production losses from military actions [11]

Core Viewpoint - The development of all-perovskite tandem solar cells, which combine wide and narrow bandgap perovskite sub-cells, represents a significant advancement in next-generation photovoltaic technology, offering high efficiency and low cost [1]. Group 1: Nanjing University Research - A team from Nanjing University has developed an all-perovskite tandem solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 30.1%, marking the first time that the efficiency of polycrystalline thin-film solar cells has exceeded 30% [3]. - The research utilized a dipole passivation strategy to enhance charge transport and reduce losses at the interface between the perovskite light-absorbing layer and the hole transport layer [3]. - Experimental data showed that the mobility of total carriers increased by over 68%, and the carrier diffusion length extended by nearly 30% after passivation treatment [3]. Group 2: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Research - A research team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University introduced a novel "matrix-confined molecular layer" for the hole transport layer, overcoming intrinsic limitations of traditional self-assembled monolayer systems [4]. - This new technology path addresses issues of film uniformity and interface stability in the preparation of perovskite photovoltaic modules [4]. - The collaboration with CATL's 21C Innovation Laboratory resulted in a large-size perovskite photovoltaic module (1m×2m) achieving a power conversion efficiency exceeding 20%, setting a world record in the field [4].

Core Viewpoint - The development of all-perovskite tandem solar cells, which combine wide and narrow bandgap perovskite sub-cells, represents a significant advancement in next-generation photovoltaic technology, offering high efficiency and low cost [1] Group 1: Technological Advancements - A new all-perovskite tandem solar cell has been designed using a dipole passivation strategy, achieving a record power conversion efficiency of 30.1%, marking the first time that polycrystalline thin-film solar cells have exceeded 30% efficiency [1] - This achievement has been certified by the Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technology Laboratory and is included in the "Solar Cell Efficiency Table" [1] Group 2: Industry Implications - The dipole passivation strategy is expected to accelerate the transition of new perovskite photovoltaic technology from laboratory settings to industrial applications, playing a crucial role in the development of "grid parity" solar technology [1]

Core Viewpoint - The research presents a breakthrough in all-perovskite tandem solar cells with a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.6% through the implementation of a dipolar passivation strategy [3][6]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study developed all-perovskite tandem solar cells utilizing dipolar passivation, achieving a record PCE of 30.6% [3]. - The dipolar passivation strategy effectively reduced the trap density at the buried interface of mixed Pb-Sn perovskite, allowing for precise energy level alignment at the HTL/perovskite interface [5]. - This strategy enhanced Ohmic contact, facilitating efficient hole injection into the HTL while repelling electrons at the HTL/Pb-Sn perovskite interface [5]. Group 2: Performance Metrics - The carrier diffusion length was increased to 6.2 μm, resulting in a significant PCE improvement of the Pb-Sn perovskite solar cell to 24.9%, with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.911 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 33.1 mA cm⁻², and a fill factor (FF) of 82.6% [5]. - The dipolar passivation also alleviated contact losses caused by the interconnection layer of the tandem device, pushing the PCE of the all-perovskite tandem solar cell to 30.6%, with a certified steady-state efficiency of 30.1% [6].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the machinery industry, indicating a positive outlook for investment returns over the next 6-12 months [1]. Core Insights - The machinery industry is experiencing a recovery in demand, particularly in the engineering machinery sector, with significant growth in excavator sales and a positive outlook for infrastructure investment [12]. - The humanoid robot sector is poised for breakthroughs in 2025, with expected mass production driving data collection and training improvements [5]. - The agricultural machinery market shows a significant increase in the market sentiment index, indicating strong demand growth [8][9]. - The report highlights the importance of domestic and international market dynamics, including the impact of U.S. inflation trends on machinery exports [10]. Summary by Sections Humanoid Robots - The humanoid robot company, Guanggu Dongzhi, is set to officially launch its products in May 2025, with plans to produce 300 units this year and a future target of 1,000 units annually [3]. - TARS, a startup in embodied intelligence, completed a $120 million financing round, marking the largest angel round in China's embodied intelligence sector [4]. - The report emphasizes the potential for mass production of humanoid robots to address data scarcity issues and enhance practical applications [5]. Machine Tools & Cutters - Japan's machine tool orders in February 2025 reached 118.215 billion yen, showing a year-on-year increase of 3.5% [6]. - China's metal cutting machine tool production in January-February 2025 was 103,000 units, up 14.4% year-on-year [6]. - The report suggests focusing on companies in the machine tool sector that are likely to benefit from improved economic conditions and government policies [7]. Agricultural Machinery - The agricultural machinery market sentiment index rose to 59.1% in February 2025, reflecting a 17.6 percentage point increase from the previous month [8]. - The report notes a significant increase in tractor exports, with a 19.7% rise in quantity and a 38.6% increase in export value compared to the previous year [9]. Engineering Machinery - Excavator sales in February 2025 reached 19,270 units, a year-on-year increase of 52.8%, with domestic sales up 99.4% [12]. - The report anticipates a recovery in demand for engineering machinery as infrastructure projects ramp up [12]. Mining Machinery Exports - China's mining machinery exports in February 2025 amounted to $430 million, a year-on-year increase of 13.5% [10]. - The report highlights the growth in China's overseas investments in mining, driven by high copper prices and increased capital expenditures [10]. Semiconductor Equipment - The report discusses the urgent need for domestic production of photolithography machines due to U.S. export controls on semiconductor equipment [14]. - The semiconductor equipment sector is expected to see significant revenue growth, with a projected 29% increase in total revenue for A-share semiconductor equipment companies in 2024 [14]. New Energy Equipment - A new 1GW photovoltaic project in Xinjiang has commenced, with an investment of approximately 3 billion yuan [15]. - The report notes advancements in solar cell technology, with a new record for conversion efficiency achieved by a Chinese company [16]. Low-altitude Economy and EVTOL - The report highlights the development of low-altitude logistics and tourism projects in major Chinese cities, marking a significant step in the low-altitude economy [17]. - The issuance of operation certificates for passenger-carrying drones indicates a new milestone in urban air mobility [17].