科技领域，摩擦不断！ 据外媒报道，一名不具名知情人士透露，美国准备依据《1974年贸易法》第301条启动调查，该条款将 允许政府采取包括关税在内的贸易补救措施。 此次争议的核心在于数字贸易相关规则。当前，欧盟正在推动相关监管并计划向谷歌、Meta、亚马逊 等美国科技巨头征税。批评者称，欧盟的数字税计划正在拖慢技术创新，这将影响全球，并不公平地增 加税收。 在Alphabet旗下谷歌、马斯克旗下媒体平台X、扎克伯格旗下Meta等美国科技巨头接连遭欧盟罚款或调 查后，特朗普政府威胁采取报复措施。 美国贸易代表办公室当地时间16日表示，如果欧盟及其成员国继续对美国服务供应商施以"歧视性"行 为，美国将施以"反制"措施。同时，美国贸易代表办公室还点名了9家欧洲知名企业，涉及埃森哲、敦 豪、西门子等。 美国威胁对欧盟实施报复 当地时间周二，美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）在社交媒体发帖称，"如果欧盟及其成员国坚持通过歧视 性手段继续限制、约束和阻碍美国服务提供商的竞争力，美国将别无选择，只能开始动用一切可用工具 反制这些不合理举措。" 帖文称，"若需要采取反制措施，美国法律允许对外国服务商收取费用或实施限制措施等行动。" ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing tensions between the U.S. and the EU regarding digital trade regulations, particularly focusing on the EU's imposition of fines and investigations into major U.S. tech companies, which has prompted threats of retaliatory measures from the U.S. government [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Response to EU Actions - The U.S. Trade Representative's Office (USTR) has warned that if the EU continues to impose "discriminatory" measures against U.S. service providers, the U.S. will have no choice but to retaliate using all available tools [2][3]. - USTR specifically named nine European companies, including Accenture, DHL, and Siemens, indicating they may be targets of U.S. countermeasures due to their extensive operations in the U.S. market [2][3]. - The U.S. is preparing to initiate an investigation under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, which could lead to trade remedies including tariffs [2][3]. Group 2: EU's Digital Tax and Regulatory Actions - The EU is advancing its digital trade regulations, including a digital services tax aimed at major U.S. tech firms like Google, Meta, and Amazon, which critics argue could hinder technological innovation [2][3]. - The EU has recently taken enforcement actions against U.S. tech companies, including a €120 million fine against Musk's platform X and a €2.95 billion fine against Google for anti-competitive behavior [4][5]. - The EU maintains that its regulations are designed to ensure a safe and fair competitive environment for all companies operating within its jurisdiction, rejecting claims of discrimination [3][6]. Group 3: Broader Implications and Ongoing Negotiations - The digital services tax dispute is affecting ongoing U.S.-EU trade negotiations, with the EU seeking to eliminate tariffs on U.S. industrial goods in exchange for U.S. concessions on tariffs for EU exports [6]. - The EU's trade chief has emphasized the importance of protecting technological sovereignty while maintaining regular communication with U.S. trade representatives [6].

【环球时报驻英国特约记者 王鸣蔚 环球时报记者 杜天琦】英国《卫报》15日报道称，因贸易分歧，美 国已暂停此前承诺的对英国科技领域数百亿英镑投资计划，此举标志着英美关系遭遇严重挫折。报道 称，这份规模达310亿英镑的《科技繁荣协议》，曾被英国首相斯塔默誉为"英美关系划时代的转变"， 但如今却被美国政府束之高阁。 据多家媒体此前报道，今年9月16日，美国总统特朗普对英国进行国事访问。其间，英美签署《科技繁 荣协议》。该协议重点聚焦人工智能、量子计算和民用核能等飞速发展的技术领域合作。根据协议内 容，微软、谷歌、英伟达、OpenAI和"核心编织"等美国顶尖科技和人工智能公司承诺斥资310亿英镑， 用于提升英国的人工智能基础设施和前沿技术，涵盖数据中心、计算机芯片以及人工智能背后的处理能 力等。 斯塔默在契克斯庄园举行的新闻发布会上公布了这份科技繁荣协议，他当时称该协议"拥有改变民生的 力量"，并"重塑了英美特殊关系"。特朗普当时表示，这份协议将助力英美两国在人工智能领域"占据主 导地位"，并"确保两国携手引领下一场伟大的科技革命"。但如今美国政府以英国在一些领域降低贸易 壁垒方面缺乏进展为由，暂停了上述协议的实施 ...

特朗普政府威胁要对欧盟采取报复措施，以反击欧盟对美国科技公司征税，被点名的知名企业包括埃森 哲、西门子和Spotify Technology SA，它们可能成为新的限制措施或收费的目标。 美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）周二在社交媒体发帖称，"如果欧盟及其成员国坚持通过歧视性手段继续 限制、约束和阻碍美国服务提供商的竞争力，美国将别无选择，只能开始动用一切可用工具反制这些不 合理举措。" 帖文称，"若需要采取反制措施，美国法律允许对外国服务商收取费用或实施限制措施等行动。" 据一名不具名知情人士透露，美国准备依据《1974年贸易法》第301条启动调查，该条款将允许政府采 取包括关税在内的贸易补救措施。 贸易代表办公室还点名了其他几家欧洲公司，包括DHL集团、SAP SE、Amadeus IT Group SA、凯捷 （Capgemini）、阳狮集团（Publicis Groupe）以及 Mistral AI，称它们多年来一直享有对美国市场的不 受限准入。 争议的核心在于数字贸易相关规则，当前欧盟正推动相关监管并计划向谷歌、Meta、亚马逊等美国科 技巨头征税。批评者称，欧盟的数字税计划正在拖慢技术创新、将影响全 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent statements from EU officials highlight the deepening trade friction between the US and EU regarding digital economy governance, emphasizing the EU's commitment to its "sovereign" digital regulations [1][2]. Group 1: EU Digital Regulations - The EU's Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act are characterized as "sovereign legislation" and will continue to be implemented, covering all digital platforms operating in the EU market [1]. - The EU's regulatory framework applies to any company providing services within the EU, regardless of its headquarters location, indicating a strong stance on jurisdiction [1][2]. - The EU has identified major tech companies like Google, Amazon, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, and ByteDance as "gatekeepers," with potential fines of up to 20% of global revenue for violations [2]. Group 2: US-EU Trade Relations - The US has expressed concerns over the EU's digital regulations, with President Trump warning of high tariffs and export restrictions on countries implementing discriminatory policies [1][2]. - The EU's digital service tax, which targets revenues from digital services, has been adopted by several European countries with rates typically set between 2% and 3% [1][2]. - The EU has indicated that the digital service tax is a separate issue from US-EU trade agreements, suggesting potential retaliatory measures if trade negotiations fail [3]. Group 3: Broader Implications - The divergence in digital governance reflects deeper economic philosophical differences, with the US favoring minimal regulation and the EU advocating for high standards of protection [2][3]. - The ongoing digital regulatory dispute may complicate the already slow progress of the US-EU trade framework agreement, which faces legislative hurdles [3]. - The struggle for digital governance authority signifies a broader reallocation of power in the global digital economy, with significant implications for international digital governance [3].

Core Viewpoint - Trump's recent threats regarding digital taxes could destabilize the "Two-Pillar" framework, leading to increased uncertainty and potential backlash from affected countries [1][2]. Group 1: Digital Tax and U.S. Companies - Digital taxes are primarily aimed at U.S. tech giants like Apple, Amazon, Facebook (Meta), and Google, with bipartisan opposition in the U.S. against such taxes being viewed as discriminatory [2][3]. - Trump's strong stance against digital taxes includes potential tariffs and export restrictions, particularly targeting the EU's upcoming Digital Markets Act [2][3]. Group 2: International Taxation and the "Two-Pillar" Framework - The digital tax issue reflects a broader competition over taxation rights among nations, as traditional tax rules fail to address the profits of digital companies operating across borders [4][5]. - The G20 has tasked the OECD with designing the "Two-Pillar" framework to address these challenges, aiming to reshape international tax rules to prevent unilateral tax measures like digital service taxes [4][5]. Group 3: U.S. Government's Position - The Biden administration supports the "Two-Pillar" framework, emphasizing the importance of a global minimum tax rate of 15% to prevent tax competition [6][7]. - The U.S. has made commitments to the "Two-Pillar" framework, including a requirement for countries to abolish digital service taxes in exchange for benefits under Pillar One [7][8]. Group 4: Political Challenges and Reactions - The Biden administration faces domestic opposition, particularly from Republican lawmakers who argue that the U.S. has compromised too much on Pillar One and that the global minimum tax infringes on U.S. tax rights [8][9]. - Trump's withdrawal from international tax negotiations has led to a resurgence of interest in unilateral digital service taxes among other countries, as they may feel compelled to act independently if consensus is not reached [9][10]. Group 5: European Response - The EU has firmly rejected Trump's threats regarding digital service taxes, asserting its sovereign right to regulate U.S. companies within its jurisdiction [10][11]. - The EU's commitment to digital service taxes remains strong, with plans to enhance regulatory measures despite U.S. pressure [10][11].

Group 1 - The French CAC index has dropped by 2%, reflecting overall market concerns about potential political instability in France [1][3] - France's government debt-to-GDP ratio is approximately 115%, making it one of the highest in Europe, prompting Prime Minister François Bérou to propose an annual spending cut of €44 billion [3] - The upcoming confidence vote on the spending cut proposal is expected to fail, leading to fears of either fiscal tightening or increased political uncertainty in France [3] Group 2 - Former President Trump is attempting to remove Federal Reserve Board member Lisa Cook, which could impact the composition of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) [1][4] - If successful, Trump's actions could result in three out of twelve FOMC members being appointed by him, raising concerns about the independence of the Federal Reserve [4] - The yield spread between 2-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bonds has widened to its highest level since 2022, indicating market apprehension regarding economic stability [4] Group 3 - Trump has threatened to impose a 200% tariff on China if it does not supply sufficient rare earth magnets to U.S. companies, escalating trade tensions [5] - The digital services tax (DST) imposed by certain countries, particularly in Europe, is also under threat, with Trump warning of significant tariff increases unless these taxes are revoked [5] - The DST currently generates approximately £800 million annually for the UK Treasury, which is already facing financial constraints ahead of the autumn budget [5]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that President Trump has threatened tariffs and export controls against countries implementing digital taxes, potentially escalating trade tensions between the US and the UK, as well as the EU [1] - Trump's comments specifically target the UK's digital services tax and the EU's Digital Services Act, which he claims are designed to harm American tech companies [1] - Despite a recent trade agreement between the US and the EU, Trump's threats could put additional pressure on their trade relations [1] Group 2 - The UK currently imposes a 2% digital services tax on companies with global revenues exceeding £500 million, affecting major tech firms like Alphabet, Meta, and Amazon [2] - US officials have repeatedly criticized the UK's digital services tax, which remains in place despite the trade agreement reached with the US [2] - The EU's Digital Services Act requires large tech companies to more actively regulate their platform content, facing criticism from the US during recent trade negotiations [2] Group 3 - Canada has already made concessions by canceling its digital services tax in response to US pressure, which is seen as an effort to ease trade tensions [3] - Canada's decision serves as a precedent for other countries facing similar pressures from the US, highlighting the influence of the Trump administration in protecting American tech interests [3] - As Trump re-engages on the issue of digital taxes, more countries may face the dilemma of balancing their tax policies with the risk of trade disputes [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the escalating tensions between the U.S. and countries like the UK and EU over digital taxes and regulations targeting American tech companies [1][2][3] - President Trump has threatened tariffs and export controls against countries that impose digital taxes or regulations perceived as discriminatory towards U.S. tech firms, specifically mentioning the UK's digital services tax and the EU's Digital Services Act [1][2] - The UK currently imposes a 2% digital services tax on companies with global revenues exceeding £500 million, affecting major tech giants like Alphabet, Meta, and Amazon [2] - The EU's Digital Services Act requires stricter content regulation from large tech companies, which has also faced criticism from U.S. officials during trade negotiations [2] - Canada has recently eliminated its digital services tax in response to U.S. pressure, setting a precedent for other countries facing similar challenges [3] Group 2 - The U.S. has reached a framework agreement with the EU regarding trade, but Trump's recent statements may strain this relationship again [1] - Despite the U.S. and UK reaching a trade agreement, the UK's digital services tax remains in place, indicating ongoing friction in U.S.-UK trade relations [2] - Other EU member states, including France, Italy, and Spain, have also implemented their own digital services taxes, contributing to the broader international debate on digital taxation [2]

Group 1 - The core issue revolves around the U.S. President's intention to impose significant new tariffs on countries that have not abolished digital service taxes (DSTs), which are perceived as discriminatory against U.S. tech companies [1][2] - The U.S. government has been pressuring trade partners to eliminate DSTs, which primarily target large tech firms like Meta, Alphabet, and Amazon, all of which are based in the U.S. [1][3] - The European Union has reiterated that it will not change its digital regulations, specifically the Digital Markets Act and Digital Services Act, despite U.S. pressure [2][3] Group 2 - The implementation of DSTs has faced bipartisan criticism within the U.S., as these taxes are seen as potentially harming innovative American companies [3] - Countries imposing DSTs argue that large tech companies profit significantly from local markets while contributing minimally to local tax revenues [3] - The OECD is working towards an international agreement to eliminate DSTs in favor of a framework for profit allocation for tax purposes, which may face opposition from the U.S. due to potential loss of tax authority [3]