国信证券近日发布石油石化行业政策点评：全球海洋油气勘探支出持续增加，带动海洋油气储量及产量 快速上升。根据睿咨得能源统计，油气勘探支出方面，2020年由于疫情影响，海上油气绿地项目投资急 速萎缩，随着疫后恢复，海上油气绿地项目投资额快速增加，2022年突破1000亿美元，今明两年有望继 续维持在1000亿美元以上高位，体现了海洋油气的高景气度。 3）投资建议：政策直接减免海洋勘探开发核心设备进口关税，降低设备采购及海上油气勘探开发综合 成本，有效提升项目内部收益率，同时有助于推动深海油气田的开发。建议关注【中国海油 （600938）】、【中海油服（601808）】、【海油发展（600968）】；进口天然气增值税返还机制有助 于平滑进口成本波动，特别是在气价高企时，降低管道天然气及LNG的进口成本压力，建议关注【中 国石油（601857）】、【中国海油】。 4）风险提示：地缘冲突造成的原油价格异常波动；美国关税政策全球贸易及经济的影响；极端天气对 原油开发的影响。 评论： 海洋油气是我国未来开发重点，税收政策有助于我国深海油气项目开发 全球海洋油气勘探支出持续增加，带动海洋油气储量及产量快速上升。根据睿咨得能源 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the industry is "Outperform the Market" (maintained) [3][26]. Core Insights - The report highlights the support of tax incentives for marine oil and gas development and natural gas import utilization, aiming to enhance domestic oil and gas supply capabilities and ensure national energy security [4][5]. - The report emphasizes the increasing importance of imported natural gas in China's energy supply, with a focus on stabilizing costs through tax refunds on eligible imports [5][14]. - The marine oil and gas sector is identified as a strategic focus for future development, with significant investments expected to continue in the coming years [6][9]. Summary by Sections Industry Policy Commentary - The Ministry of Finance, Customs, and the State Taxation Administration issued a notification on tax incentives for energy resource exploration and development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, including exemptions on import duties for essential equipment used in marine oil and gas exploration [4]. - The policy aims to reduce the import costs of marine oil and gas exploration equipment, thereby enhancing project internal rates of return and promoting deep-sea oil and gas field development [5][22]. Market Trends - Global marine oil and gas exploration spending has been on the rise, with investments exceeding $100 billion in 2022 and expected to remain high in the coming years [6]. - China's marine oil and gas exploration and production expenditures are projected to continue increasing, with CNOOC's capital expenditure for 2024 estimated at 132.7 billion yuan, reflecting a growth trend [9]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies such as CNOOC, CNOOC Services, and CNOOC Development due to the favorable tax policies that will lower equipment procurement costs and enhance project profitability [5][22]. - It also recommends monitoring China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and CNOOC in light of the tax refund mechanism for imported natural gas, which is expected to mitigate cost fluctuations, especially during high gas price periods [5][22].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the industry is "Outperform the Market" (maintained) [3][26]. Core Insights - The report highlights the support of tax incentives for marine oil and gas development and natural gas import utilization, aiming to enhance domestic oil and gas supply capabilities and ensure national energy security [4][5]. - The report emphasizes the increasing importance of imported natural gas in China's energy supply, with a focus on stabilizing costs through tax refunds on eligible imports [5][14]. - The marine oil and gas sector is identified as a key area for future development, with significant investments expected to continue in the coming years, reflecting high industry prosperity [6][9]. Summary by Sections Industry Policy Commentary - The Ministry of Finance, General Administration of Customs, and State Taxation Administration issued a notification on tax incentives for energy resource exploration and development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, which includes exemptions from import tariffs for essential equipment used in marine oil and gas exploration and emergency rescue projects [4]. - The policy aims to reduce the import costs of marine oil and gas exploration equipment, thereby enhancing the internal rate of return on projects and promoting the development of deep-sea oil and gas fields [5][22]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on companies such as China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), CNOOC Services, and CNOOC Development, as the tax incentives will lower procurement costs and improve project profitability [5][22]. - It also recommends paying attention to China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and CNOOC, as the tax refund mechanism for imported natural gas will help mitigate cost fluctuations, especially during periods of high gas prices [5][22]. Market Trends - Global marine oil and gas exploration spending is on the rise, with investments expected to remain above $100 billion in the coming years, indicating a robust market outlook [6]. - China's marine oil and gas exploration and production expenditures are projected to continue increasing, with significant capital expenditures planned for 2024 and 2025 [9][14].

Core Insights - The "Deep Sea No. 1" Phase II has been fully put into production, increasing the overall daily production capacity of the gas field to over 1,500 cubic meters [2] - China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced that the cumulative production of oil and gas equivalent from the offshore gas field group around Hainan Island will exceed 10 million tons by 2025, marking a historic high and doubling the output compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan [2] - The development of marine oil and gas resources in Hainan dates back to the 1950s and 1960s, with significant advancements made since the establishment of the first cooperative gas field, Yacheng 13-1, in the late 20th century [2] Industry Developments - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, CNOOC has conducted in-depth analysis of the resource endowment in three major oil and gas structures in the Hainan sea area: Yinggehai Basin, Qiongdongnan Basin, and Zhujiangkou Basin [2] - The company has increased efforts in oil and gas exploration and development, accelerating the construction of marine energy infrastructure [2] - CNOOC has established the largest offshore natural gas production cluster in China, consisting of 19 offshore platforms, 3 land terminals, and several underwater production facilities, addressing complex conditions such as deep water, high temperature, high pressure, and low permeability [2]

Core Viewpoint - CNOOC announced that the Bohai Oilfield will achieve a cumulative oil and gas equivalent production of over 40 million tons by 2025, setting a historical record [1]. Group 1: Bohai Oilfield Overview - The Bohai Oilfield, located in the Bohai Sea, was established in 1965 and consists of eight production areas: Liaodong, Liaobei, Bonan, Bozhong, Boxi, Pengbo, Qinhuangdao, and Caofeidian [3]. - The oilfield has over 200 operational oil and gas production facilities, including five shore power stations and substations, seven land terminals, more than 60 operational oil fields, over 2,900 kilometers of underwater pipelines, and over 1,500 kilometers of underwater cables [5]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - The Bohai Oilfield has made significant breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration and development technologies, transitioning from shallow conventional reservoirs to complex fields such as mid-deep layers and unconventional heavy oil [7]. - Since the implementation of the "Seven-Year Action Plan" for oil and gas reserve increase and production in 2019, the Bohai Oilfield has introduced innovative exploration theories and discovered several billion-ton oil and gas fields [11]. Group 3: Engineering and Equipment Development - The development of marine oil and gas resources has accelerated due to advancements in high-end equipment and the integration of information technology and artificial intelligence [12]. - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the manufacturing of marine oil and gas equipment has more than doubled compared to the previous five years, with the total length of underwater oil and gas pipelines exceeding 10,000 kilometers [14]. Group 4: Future Projections - According to the latest data from the National Energy Administration, domestic crude oil production is expected to reach 215 million tons by 2025, with marine crude oil production anticipated to exceed 68 million tons, contributing approximately 80% of the total increase in national crude oil production [22].

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a beautiful China is a crucial goal for the comprehensive modernization of the socialist nation, emphasizing the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature [1] Group 1: Regional Economic Layout and Land Space System - The natural resources department aims to optimize the land space development pattern by balancing population, resources, and environment, while promoting economic and ecological benefits [2] - The strategy includes enhancing policy mechanisms, implementing functional area strategies, and stabilizing the overall layout of urbanization, agricultural production areas, and key ecological function areas [2][3] Group 2: Land Space Planning and Protection - The focus is on dynamic assessment and optimization of land space planning, integrating major projects into a unified natural resource management framework [3] - Strict adherence to the protection of arable land, permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries is emphasized [3] Group 3: Resource Allocation and Efficiency - The department will enhance the quality and efficiency of natural resource allocation, promoting comprehensive land supply and re-development of low-efficiency land [4] - Provincial governments will be granted greater autonomy in land use management, with a focus on integrated approval processes for various land uses [4] Group 4: Marine Economy and Ecological Protection - The "14th Five-Year" plan emphasizes strengthening marine development and protection, with a focus on high-quality marine economic growth and innovation-driven development [5][6] - The strategy includes promoting marine industries, enhancing marine technology, and ensuring sustainable use of marine resources while protecting marine ecosystems [5][6] Group 5: Resource Security and National Safety - The natural resources department will focus on ensuring food security and energy resource stability, implementing strict land protection measures [7] - Strategic mineral resource exploration and development will be prioritized to maintain self-sufficiency in energy resources [7] Group 6: Geographic Information and Disaster Management - The establishment of a new national spatial reference system aims to enhance geographic information data security and applications, supporting disaster monitoring and prevention [8] - Efforts will be made to improve geological disaster monitoring and response capabilities, ensuring public safety [8] Group 7: Ecological System Optimization - The department will promote a natural protection system centered on national parks, enhancing ecosystem diversity and stability [9][10] - Key ecological restoration projects will be prioritized, focusing on desertification control and historical mine site rehabilitation [10]

Group 1: Core Concepts - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," aiming for high-quality economic and social development through effective natural resource management [1] - The Ministry of Natural Resources has established a comprehensive monitoring system for nine types of natural resources, ensuring dynamic tracking of resource conditions [2] Group 2: Land and Forest Resources - By the end of 2024, the national arable land area is projected to reach 1.94 billion acres, an increase of 28 million acres since 2020, maintaining the arable land protection red line [2] - The national forest coverage rate has reached 25.09%, an increase of approximately 2 percentage points since 2020, making China the fastest-growing country in terms of greening [2] Group 3: Marine Economy - China's marine production value has surpassed 10 trillion yuan, with a 34% increase compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," accounting for 7.8% of the national GDP [4] - The marine economy has become a significant force for stable national economic growth, with marine oil and gas contributing over 70% of the domestic oil increment in 2024 [4][5] Group 4: Mineral Resources - A new round of mineral exploration has been implemented, with nearly 450 billion yuan invested, leading to significant breakthroughs in energy resources, including the discovery of 10 large oil fields and 19 large gas fields [6] - New resource bases are emerging, such as the Dandong gold mine in Liaoning, which has an estimated gold resource of nearly 1,500 tons, potentially becoming a world-class gold mine [6][7] Group 5: Strategic Emerging Industries - The discovery of lithium resources, crucial for electric vehicles, has led to the identification of the "Asian Lithium Belt," spanning 2,800 kilometers across four provinces [7]

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant advancements in China's natural resource management during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the discovery of new oil and gas fields, mineral resources, and improvements in ecological protection and resource utilization [1][2][3]. Group 1: Natural Resource Discoveries - A total of 534 new large and medium-sized oil and gas fields and mineral sites have been discovered [1]. - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," 10 large oil fields and 19 large gas fields were identified, contributing to a stable production of 200 million tons of oil and over 240 billion cubic meters of natural gas [2]. - Significant breakthroughs in mineral exploration include the discovery of major uranium mines in Gansu and Heilongjiang, enhancing China's uranium resource security [2]. Group 2: Ecological and Environmental Improvements - The national forest coverage rate has reached 25.09%, with a total forest stock of 20.99 billion cubic meters, achieving the 2030 climate change goals ahead of schedule [3]. - The "Three North" project has completed 415 projects, restoring 16.4 million acres of land, and improving the ecological quality of various regions [4]. - The establishment of five national parks has integrated over 120 existing nature reserves, enhancing ecosystem protection [5][6]. Group 3: Resource Management and Utilization - The total area of cultivated land has increased by 28 million acres since 2020, with a focus on the quality and ecological protection of farmland [2]. - The government has approved the allocation of 26.974 million acres of construction land and 11,200 square kilometers of marine and island use [6]. - The implementation of a unified resource management system has improved efficiency, reducing approval times for land use by one-third [7]. Group 4: Economic Contributions and Innovations - The marine economy has shown strong growth, with the marine production value reaching 10.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.7 trillion yuan since 2020 [1][3]. - The discovery of a 2,800-kilometer "Asian lithium belt" has led to significant lithium resource finds in multiple provinces, supporting the development of strategic emerging industries [3]. - The integration of technology in resource management has led to the establishment of a national satellite navigation network and international collaborations on major scientific projects [7].

Core Insights - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China has discovered 10 large oil fields and 19 large gas fields, significantly enhancing its natural resource base [1][7]. Resource Monitoring and Management - China has conducted comprehensive surveys and monitoring of nine types of natural resources, ensuring the protection of 1.94 billion acres of arable land, an increase of 28 million acres since 2020 [2]. - The forest coverage rate has reached 25.09%, up approximately 2 percentage points from 2020, making China the fastest-growing country in terms of greening [2]. Marine Economy Development - China's marine production value has surpassed 10 trillion yuan, with a 34% increase compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," accounting for 7.8% of the national GDP [4]. - The marine economy has become a crucial driver for stable economic growth, with marine oil and gas contributing over 70% of the domestic oil increment in 2024 [4][5]. Mining and Resource Exploration - A new round of mineral exploration has been initiated, with nearly 450 billion yuan invested, leading to significant discoveries in oil, gas, and uranium resources [7]. - Major breakthroughs in energy resources include the discovery of large oil and gas reserves, with the Ordos Basin alone adding over 300 billion cubic meters of geological reserves [7][8]. Strategic Emerging Industries - China has made significant advancements in lithium mining, discovering a major lithium mineral belt spanning 2,800 kilometers across four provinces, which is critical for the electric vehicle industry [8].

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has been successfully implemented, leading to significant improvements in China's natural resource management and environmental protection efforts, with a focus on sustainable development and resource efficiency [1][2][3]. Group 1: Resource Management and Efficiency - The Ministry of Natural Resources has invested nearly 450 billion yuan in a new round of mineral exploration, achieving major breakthroughs in energy resource security and optimization of resource structure [1][2]. - By the end of 2024, China's arable land area is expected to reach 1.94 billion acres, an increase of 28 million acres since 2020, with a comprehensive protection framework for quantity, quality, and ecology being established [2]. - The national forest coverage rate has reached 25.09%, an increase of approximately 2 percentage points since 2020, with forest stock volume reaching 20.988 billion cubic meters [3]. Group 2: Marine Economy and Development - The marine economy has become a crucial driver of stable economic growth, with China's marine industry now encompassing all 15 major marine sectors, all of which are experiencing significant growth [5]. - By 2024, marine oil production is expected to account for over 70% of the domestic crude oil increase, and the market share of marine and aerial equipment is projected to exceed 50% globally [5]. - The scale of seawater desalination projects has surpassed 2.9 million tons per day, and the research and development capabilities for marine pharmaceuticals rank among the world's top [5]. Group 3: Policy and Strategic Framework - A national land space planning system has been established, with comprehensive planning at provincial, municipal, and county levels, creating a unified blueprint for land development and protection [3]. - The Ministry of Natural Resources is enhancing property rights clarity and registration processes, which has stimulated responsibility for resource protection and development [4]. - Future initiatives will focus on high-quality development of the marine economy and further exploration and development of energy resources [5].