这些石器多为石英和石英岩所制，大部分尺寸小于50毫米。团队成员、论文第一作者岳健平博士介 绍，技术分析显示，该区域人群可采用石片石核技术和盘状石核技术，有针对性地生产小型石片；又以 它们为毛坯生产了一系列工具，如刮削器、钻器、雕刻器等，更为重要的是出现了可能装柄使用的带铤 和修背工具，后续微痕证据也证明了这一点。 研究还指出，该时期东亚气候强烈波动，古人类通过发展灵活多样的石器技术适应了环境变化。根 据对石器表面使用痕迹的观察可推断，它们可能曾用于切割植物材料，如木头或芦苇。 杨石霞说，这是目前东亚已知最早的由技术类型和微痕分析共同佐证的复合工具证据，将该地区装 柄技术的出现时间大幅提前，也将改写东亚早期人类行为发展与适应环境的传统叙事，再一次证明东亚 地区在全球人类演化研究中的关键地位。 中国科研人员领衔团队北京时间28日在英国学术期刊《自然-通讯》在线发表的新研究成果显示， 中国中部的早期人类可能在距今约16万至7万年时已出现石器装柄使用等重要技术变革，这颠覆了考古 学界长期以来认为"东亚旧石器时代文化保守、技术创新滞后"的传统认知。 中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期（约30万至5万年前）是人类演化进程中的关键 ...

新华社北京1月28日电（记者 彭茜 刘祯）中国科研人员领衔团队北京时间28日在英国学术期刊《自 然-通讯》在线发表的新研究成果显示，中国中部的早期人类可能在距今约16万至7万年时已出现石器装 柄使用等重要技术变革，这颠覆了考古学界长期以来认为"东亚旧石器时代文化保守、技术创新滞后"的 传统认知。 中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期（约30万至5万年前）是人类演化进程中的关键阶段。这一时期，在 非洲和欧洲均出现了包括工具装柄技术、定型骨器制作、个人装饰品和颜料使用等复杂行为。然而，长 期以来，东亚地区早期人类行为发展被视为连贯保守，缺乏以上提及的重要变革。 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所研究员杨石霞团队与北京联合大学、中国科学院地球环境研 究所等国内外十余家单位的科研人员，针对河南省淅川县西沟出土的2600余件石制品展开多学科研究。 研究发现，在距今约16万至7万年的西沟遗址，出土石器已展现出系统化的小石片生产策略和目前已知 东亚最早的工具装柄技术，为揭示东亚中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期的古人类技术创新提供了关键证 据。 这些石器多为石英和石英岩所制，大部分尺寸小于50毫米。团队成员、论文第一作者岳健平博士介 绍，技 ...

Core Viewpoint - The excavation of the M1020 tomb at the Beigao Goose Cemetery in Shanxi Province reveals a high-status burial with a rich array of artifacts, suggesting the tomb owner was likely a member of the middle nobility [1][5]. Group 1: Excavation Details - The Beigao Goose Cemetery is located in Yongyan Town, Yuan City, Shanxi Province, and is part of a larger archaeological site [1]. - The M1020 tomb was discovered in April 2020 due to looting and has been under active excavation since 2021, with ongoing work planned until 2024 [1]. - In 2023, four tombs were excavated, and the findings from the undisturbed M1020 tomb have been published [1]. Group 2: Artifact Analysis - A total of 265 artifacts were found in the M1020 tomb, predominantly consisting of bronze ceremonial and weaponry items [1][5]. - The artifacts include various types of bronze vessels such as ding (2), gui (4), ge (4), and lei (2), along with other ceremonial items, indicating a complex burial ritual [5]. - The bronze artifacts exhibit characteristics typical of early Spring and Autumn period styles, with decorative patterns such as heavy ring patterns and curved lines, but lacking the later pan-chi patterns [3][5]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The combination of artifacts suggests adherence to burial customs of the Zhou dynasty, although some items appear to be roughly made, indicating a possible temporary assembly of the burial goods [5]. - The findings contribute to understanding the social hierarchy and cultural practices during the transitional period between the two Zhou dynasties [5].

Core Insights - The Shanxi Provincial Archaeological Research Institute announced significant archaeological findings at the Qishe site in Yongji City, Shanxi Province, revealing artifacts from the Yangshao late middle period, early Shang, and Eastern Zhou periods [1] Group 1: Archaeological Findings - A large number of artifacts from various periods, including Yangshao, Longshan, Shang, and Eastern Zhou, have been discovered, indicating that the area may have been a densely populated region during the pre-Qin period in southwestern Shanxi [1] - The majority of pottery found consists of mud-based and fine sand red pottery, with gray pottery and painted pottery being less common [3] - The discovered pottery types include bowls and pots, with decorative features such as line patterns and various forms of vessels like pointed-bottom bottles and gourd-shaped bottles [3] Group 2: Burial Sites and Artifacts - A total of 35 Eastern Zhou tombs were excavated, which were undisturbed and showed no signs of being looted, with some modern disturbances noted [5] - The tombs are primarily small to medium-sized vertical pit graves, characterized by a funnel shape and smooth walls, with burial goods including ceramics and small artifacts like copper hooks and bone hairpins [5] - The artifacts reflect a timeline from the late Spring and Autumn period to the mid-Warring States period, with significant pottery types including ding, gu, and various vessels [5][6]

古人类在青藏高原的攀登与定居藏有多少未知？记者12月22日从四川省文物局获悉，考古学家在四川省 甘孜藏族自治州稻城县的高原湖泊——从前措附近，新发现了一处意义重大的旧石器时代遗址。作为稻 城皮洛遗址群的重要组成部分，它刷新了人类在青藏高原东部迁徙扩散的海拔最高纪录。 器以载道，远古石器见证万年前生存图景。 "从前措遗址新出土了190余件石器，主要是小型片状工具、微型石片等中小型石器，整体为细石器遗存 组合。"皮洛遗址考古发掘负责人、四川省文物考古研究院旧石器考古研究所所长郑喆轩介绍，这些石 器为万年前古人类定居青藏高原提供了关键实证。 位于从前措湖畔的从前措遗址，最早距今约1.2万年，是皮洛遗址群中的海拔最高点。皮洛遗址则是青 藏高原上目前已知年代最早、面积最大、文化内涵最丰富的遗址。从前措遗址的发现将皮洛遗址"登高 纪录"提升到了海拔4300余米。 踏古寻踪，高原之上追寻文明踪迹。 当考古团队第一次踏足从前措遗址，可见水草丰茂，视野开阔。地球历史上最后一次冰河时期的冰川消 融，在此形成众多湖泊，吸引各类动物栖息，也为古人类狩猎采集提供了条件。 "当一件件旧石器被找到时，我们确信这曾是万年前古人类生活的家园， ...

Core Insights - Archaeological findings at the Luojiahe site in Shaanxi Province reveal multiple granary pits, indicating significant agricultural storage practices during the early Longshan period, approximately 4800 to 4200 years ago [2][4] Group 1: Archaeological Discoveries - The Luojiahe site has uncovered 17 granary pits, characterized by circular or oval shapes, with well-constructed walls and intentionally leveled bottoms, suggesting advanced construction techniques [2] - Four of the granary pits contained carbonized grains such as millet and broomcorn, along with stalk remnants, indicating their use for grain storage [4] - The total volume of the 17 granary pits is approximately 390 cubic meters, estimated to hold around 300 tons of millet [4] Group 2: Cultural Significance - The concentration of granary pits at the Luojiahe site exceeds the food consumption capacity of the local population, suggesting it served as a specialized storage base for a larger central settlement in the Jinghe River basin [4] - The findings provide important physical evidence for exploring the origins of early civilization and state formation in the Guanzhong region [4]

Core Insights - The article highlights the significance of the Liangzhu site, known as "China's First City," due to its extensive archaeological findings, including large city sites, high-status burial grounds, altars, and exquisite jade artifacts, which date back 5,300 to 4,300 years [1][7]. Archaeological History of Liangzhu - The discovery of the Liangzhu site began 90 years ago in 1936 when archaeologist Shi Xinger identified ancient artifacts, leading to extensive excavations that revealed a rich cultural heritage [2][3]. - The Liangzhu culture was formally named in 1959, with ongoing archaeological work clarifying its characteristics, including distinctive pottery and jade artifacts [3][4]. Characteristics of Liangzhu Culture - Liangzhu culture is marked by its advanced jade craftsmanship, with over 7,000 jade items discovered, including ritual objects and burial goods, reflecting a complex social structure and belief system [11][12]. - The site features a sophisticated urban layout, including a central palace area, city walls, and a water management system, indicating a highly organized society [7][8]. Decline of Liangzhu Culture - The decline of Liangzhu culture, which thrived for over a millennium, is attributed to both natural disasters, such as flooding, and social factors, including internal strife and external pressures [13][14][15]. - Evidence suggests that after the culture's decline, remnants of the population may have migrated to other regions, leading to the emergence of new cultural identities, such as the Qianshanyang culture [16][17].

Core Insights - A large-scale Yangshao culture settlement has been discovered in Weinan, Shaanxi Province, featuring well-planned structures, pottery kilns, and burial sites, with significant archaeological findings including vivid clay figurines [1][2] Group 1: Archaeological Findings - The Jiangjia site has revealed nearly 1,100 archaeological remains, including double moats, large house sites, ash pits, pottery kilns, and urn burials [1] - The majority of artifacts unearthed are pottery, primarily red pottery with some gray and yellow-brown pottery, showcasing various decorative styles [1][2] Group 2: Cultural Significance - The discovery of early Baidi culture artifacts at the site provides valuable data for studying the evolution from Banpo culture to Baidi culture, which is rare in the Guanzhong region [2] - The site illustrates the dynamic development process of the settlement from the Yangshao middle period to the late period, indicating a southward migration along the Donghe River [2] Group 3: Research Implications - The Jiangjia site serves as a significant archaeological find following the Beiliu site, offering new clues and materials for exploring the origins of Baidi culture, settlement forms, and the civilization process in the Central Plains [2]

Group 1 - The core exhibition "100 Years of Archaeology at Peking University and 70 Years of Archaeology Major" is currently being held at the Peking University Sackler Museum of Archaeology and Art [3] - The museum houses over 10,000 artifacts, including stone tools, pottery, bronze, and porcelain, showcasing typical specimens from various periods of Chinese archaeology [1] - The exhibition highlights the unique charm of Chinese civilization through precious cultural relics [3]

Core Insights - The article discusses the discovery and significance of the Kua Lake Bridge site, which dates back 8,000 to 7,000 years, marking it as one of the earliest prehistoric cultural sites in Zhejiang Province [1][6]. Discovery Process - The Kua Lake Bridge site was first identified in May 1990 when a student found prehistoric artifacts in the Xianghu area, leading to an official investigation by local authorities [2]. - Initial excavations in late 1990 revealed a cultural accumulation layer approximately 30 meters long, with over 130 artifacts, but the cultural nature and dating were initially uncertain [3][4]. Archaeological Findings - Carbon-14 dating confirmed the site's age as 8,000 to 7,000 years, making it older than the Hemudu site by 1,000 years [4][6]. - Subsequent excavations uncovered a variety of artifacts, including pottery, stone tools, and evidence of early rice cultivation, suggesting a significant advancement in agricultural practices [5][11]. Cultural Significance - The Kua Lake Bridge site is characterized by unique cultural features that distinguish it from other known prehistoric cultures in Zhejiang, leading to the proposal of a new archaeological culture type [10][15]. - The discovery of a wooden boat, considered the earliest in China, highlights the site's importance in understanding ancient transportation and craftsmanship [16]. Expansion of Cultural Understanding - Further excavations revealed additional sites with similar artifacts, confirming the existence of the Kua Lake Bridge culture and expanding its geographical distribution beyond the initial area [12][13]. - The Kua Lake Bridge culture represents a third cultural lineage in Zhejiang's prehistoric archaeology, alongside the Hemudu and Majiabang cultures, indicating a more complex cultural landscape [15]. Technological Innovations - The Kua Lake Bridge culture is noted for several "firsts," including the earliest lacquer bows and advanced pottery techniques, which contribute to the understanding of technological development in ancient China [17].