转自：新华财经 新华财经上海2月24日电（记者陈云富、王淑娟）作为展现上海国际金融中心建设进展的年度"成绩单"，节后第一 天，2025年上海国际金融中心建设十大事件对外发布。金融中心建设央地协作全面深化、国际货币基金组织上海 中心启用、跨境金融服务便利化水平全方位优化、离岸金融体系与市场开放稳慎推进……过去一年，一系列具有 全局意义的金融改革创新在上海密集落地，交出成色十足的年度答卷。 回望，是为了更好地前进。当前，上海正进一步加大对外开放，推动金融中心建设与经济、贸易、航运和科创中 心建设联动发展，持续提升全球资源配置力。一个不断提升能级的国际金融中心，正在黄浦江畔澎湃前行。 开放新答卷：离岸金融体系启新程 离岸金融是衡量国际金融中心成熟度的重要标尺。2025年9月，《关于进一步推进上海自贸离岸债高质量发展的若 干措施（试行）》正式印发，为自贸离岸债业务开展提供了"行动指南"。凭借"发行端、投资端两头在外"的独特 制度设计，自贸离岸债迅速成为连接境内优质资产与境外资本的重要通道。 今年1月，随着首单由非银行金融机构提供跨境担保的自贸离岸债完成发行，已有多家机构参与打通自贸离岸债的 发行、交易和清结算全流程。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The successful completion of the first offshore free trade bond secondary market transaction by Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) through its overseas subsidiary ICBC Asia marks a significant step in promoting the development of the offshore RMB bond market, injecting new momentum into the internationalization of the RMB and expanding high-level opening-up [1][2]. Group 1 - The offshore free trade bond was issued within the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, with registration and custody managed by the Shanghai Clearing House, and both the issuer and investor being overseas entities [1][2]. - Unlike previous bonds that were primarily issued and subscribed through the primary market, this transaction involved ICBC Asia completing the secondary market transaction through the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System, with delivery versus payment (DVP) settlement conducted by the Shanghai Clearing House [1][2]. - The transaction utilized the Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS) for RMB fund transfers, achieving a streamlined process for the entire transaction clearing and settlement of the offshore free trade bond [1][2]. Group 2 - The successful execution of this transaction is expected to enhance the liquidity and activity of offshore free trade bond trading, contributing to the acceleration of Shanghai's development as an international financial center [1][2]. - ICBC aims to leverage its global service network and cross-border financial service advantages to actively promote the construction of the offshore free trade bond market, thereby broadening financing channels for "going out" enterprises and high-quality companies in countries and regions involved in the Belt and Road Initiative [1][2].

Core Viewpoint - Shanghai aims to enhance its status as an international financial center through high-level financial openness and alignment with international trade rules, as outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan [1][2]. Financial Sector Developments - The Shanghai government emphasizes the importance of advancing financial openness to boost the city's international competitiveness and influence [2]. - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, Shanghai has focused on strengthening its global resource allocation capabilities and improving the internationalization of its financial markets [2]. Key Initiatives - **Increasing Financial Market Internationalization**: Shanghai plans to enhance the internationalization of its financial markets by improving mechanisms like "Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect" and "Bond Connect," and by launching more international financial products [2]. - **Attracting Foreign Financial Institutions**: The city aims to attract high-level foreign financial institutions and international organizations by supporting the establishment of regional headquarters and accelerating the development of a global asset management center [2]. - **Facilitating Cross-Border Financing**: Shanghai will support financial institutions in expanding their global service networks and optimizing integrated fund management for enterprises [3]. - **Exploring Offshore Financial Services**: The city intends to develop a regulatory framework for offshore financial services and promote the growth of offshore debt business [3].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report In 2025, facing increased internal and external economic pressures, the bond market in China adheres to the development principle of "promoting development, optimizing structure, and improving quality." Through product innovation, institutional reform, and opening - up, it strengthens direct financing functions, supports key areas, and promotes high - quality development of the real economy. The policies in the bond market are characterized by innovation, standardization, and opening - up, aiming to enhance the market's service quality and attract more capital [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Focus Areas: Product Innovation in the Bond Market and Support for Key Areas - **Innovation and Mechanism Optimization of Science - and - Technology - Related Bonds**: Policy support for science - and - technology bonds is significant. The launch of the "Science and Technology Board" and the introduction of science - and - technology convertible bonds have promoted the development of science - and - technology bonds. In 2025, two batches of private venture - capital institutions issued 9 science - and - technology bonds with a total scale of 2.28 billion yuan. However, the expansion of private - enterprise venture - capital science - and - technology bonds may require more policy support. The trading association has also optimized merger - and - acquisition notes, with 13 such notes issued in 2025, totaling 12.9 billion yuan [6][8][9]. - **Increased Attention to Private - Enterprise Financing**: In 2025, the issuance scale of private - enterprise credit bonds was 372.638 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 37.04%, and the proportion in credit bonds increased by 0.54 percentage points to 2.59%. Although there is marginal improvement, the proportion is still low, and long - term policy efforts are needed [10][11]. - **Support for the Sports Industry**: In 2025, multiple departments issued policies to support the sports industry's financing through the bond market, which is expected to increase the supply of sports - industry credit bonds and promote the innovation of asset - securitization products [12]. - **Upgraded Support for Rural Revitalization**: In 2025, the central bank and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued a document to support rural revitalization through bond financing. The issuance scale of rural - revitalization bonds was 10.815 billion yuan, but policy - guidance and product attractiveness need to be improved [13][14]. Market Standardization: Emphasizing Standardized Development and Improving Service Quality - **Optimization of Rules in Issuance, Trading, and Valuation**: Exchanges have revised issuance - review guidelines, and the trading association has refined valuation - institution rules. At the same time, bond - duration management has been strengthened, and bond - underwriting business supervision has been intensified to rectify market irregularities [16][17][18]. - **Optimization of Three Core Business Rules**: The bond market has optimized bond lending, general repurchase, and buy - back business rules to improve market liquidity and operational quality [19][20][21]. - **Implementation of New Fund - Fee Regulations**: The new regulations aim to guide long - term investment. The official version has relaxed requirements compared with the draft, reducing the short - term redemption pressure on bond funds [23][24][25]. - **Optimization of Derivative Rules and Risk Prevention**: The bond market has optimized credit - derivative rules and promoted the role of risk - sharing mechanisms to support enterprise financing [26][27]. Opening - Up: Attracting More Foreign Capital and Promoting High - Level Opening - **Restart of Free - Trade Offshore Bonds**: The free - trade offshore bonds have restarted, emphasizing the "two - ends - abroad" principle, which is expected to expand the financing channels for "going - out" enterprises and enterprises in the "Belt and Road" regions [29][30]. - **Optimization of Investment - End Basic Systems**: Multiple measures have been taken to simplify the process for foreign central banks to enter the market, support foreign investors in conducting bond - repurchase business, and optimize the qualified - foreign - investor system, enhancing the convenience for foreign capital to enter the market [31][32][33]. - **Impact of Federal Reserve Interest - Rate Cuts**: The Federal Reserve's three interest - rate cuts in 2025 have given China's monetary policy more flexibility. China's bond market has good cost - performance, which may attract more foreign capital, but the inflow may be gradual [34][35].

Primary Market - A total of 12 offshore bonds were issued this week (January 26 to 30), including 4 RMB bonds, 6 USD bonds, 1 HKD bond, and 1 EUR bond, with a total issuance scale of $31.7552 billion [1] - The largest single issuance in the offshore RMB bond market was 3.5 billion RMB by Zhejiang Provincial Port Investment and Operation Group Co., Ltd., with the highest coupon rate of 6.7% issued by Zoucheng Limin Construction Development Group Co., Ltd. [1] - In the offshore USD bond market, the largest single issuance was $600 million by Link REIT, with the highest coupon rate of 12.75% issued by Dalian Wanda Commercial Management Group Co., Ltd. [1] Secondary Market - Most yields on Chinese USD bonds rose this week, with the Markit iBoxx Chinese USD Bond Composite Index increasing by 0.12% to 252.36 [2] - The investment-grade USD bond index rose by 0.1% to 245.19, while the high-yield USD bond index increased by 0.29% to 244.5 [2] - The real estate USD bond index rose by 0.58% to 181.84, and the city investment USD bond index increased by 0.96% to 154.83, while the financial USD bond index fell by 0.16% to 292.79 [2] Benchmark Spread - As of January 30, the spread between 10-year benchmark government bonds in China and the U.S. widened to 243.1 basis points, an increase of 2.2 basis points from the previous week [3] Rating Changes - Chengdu Airport Industry Investment Development Co., Ltd. had its 'A-' international long-term issuer rating withdrawn by United International for commercial reasons on January 26 [4] - Yancoal Energy Group Co., Ltd. had its "Ba2" company rating withdrawn at the company's request by Moody's on January 28 [4] - Chengdu Dongfang Guangyi Investment Co., Ltd. had its 'BBB+' international long-term issuer rating withdrawn by United International for commercial reasons on January 29 [4] Domestic News - The Shanghai Free Trade Zone successfully completed the global issuance of its first offshore bond on January 27, with a scale of 200 million RMB and a coupon rate of 1.88%, marking a significant innovation in China's offshore financial market [5] - As of January 28, local governments have disclosed a refinancing special bond scale exceeding 300 billion RMB for replacing hidden debts, with a focus on 10-year and longer maturities [6] - The China Development Bank Hong Kong Branch issued its first public bond in Macau on January 27, amounting to 5.5 billion RMB, marking a milestone for policy bank bonds in the region [6] Overseas News - The Federal Reserve announced on January 28 that it would maintain the federal funds rate target range at 3.5% to 3.75%, aligning with market expectations amid economic uncertainties [7] - Former Federal Reserve Board member Kevin Warsh was nominated by President Trump to become the next Fed Chair, pending Senate approval [8] Default and Extension Alerts - China Overseas Land & Investment Limited expects a net loss of 13 to 15.5 billion RMB for 2025, compared to a loss of 8.662 billion RMB in the previous year [9] - Jinke Property Group Co., Ltd. anticipates a net profit of 30 to 35 billion RMB for 2025, but expects a loss of 29 to 35 billion RMB after excluding non-recurring gains and losses [10] - Shimao Group Holdings Limited reported an additional overdue debt of 3 million RMB this month, with total overdue debts amounting to 16.899 billion RMB [11] - Ruian Real Estate announced the repurchase and cancellation of $295 million in bonds due in June 2026 [12]

Core Viewpoint - The successful issuance of the first offshore bond in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone marks a significant innovation in China's offshore financial market, providing a new pathway for non-bank financial institutions to expand internationally [1][2]. Group 1: Offshore Bond Issuance - The first offshore bond, issued by Dongfang Zhisheng Co., with a scale of 200 million RMB and a maturity of 364 days at an interest rate of 1.88%, was successfully completed [1]. - The issuance was supported by Dongfang Securities Co., which provided cross-border guarantees, highlighting a new role for non-bank financial institutions in offshore debt financing [2][3]. Group 2: Market Dynamics and Regulatory Framework - The new regulations for offshore bonds, effective from March 1, 2026, provide clear institutional expectations for issuers, defining the boundaries and encouraging RMB pricing [4]. - The Shanghai Free Trade Zone's offshore bond market has quickly become a vital channel connecting high-quality domestic assets with foreign capital, with significant interest from international investors [2][4]. Group 3: Future Outlook and Market Potential - The upcoming maturity of a large volume of existing offshore bonds in 2026, with a total outstanding amount of approximately 67.8 billion RMB, indicates a critical period for the market [5]. - Experts believe that the offshore bond market will attract foreign investors due to its high credit quality and stable yields, especially in the context of global monetary policy shifts [5][6]. - The development of a more robust offshore bond framework is expected to enhance the international use of the RMB, positioning offshore bonds as a key support for China's financial globalization [6].

第 548 期 2026-01-27 焦点关注 河南金融监管局召开2026年监管工作会议，支持融资平台债务风险化解 1月26日，河南金融监管局召开2026年监管工作会议。会议强调，有力有序有效推进中小金融机构改革 化险，严防风险快速反弹。坚决做好信用风险降旧控新，查控并举加快案件风险处置。推动城市房地产 融资协调机制常态化运行，优化房地产领域金融服务。按照市场化法治化原则支持融资平台债务风险化 解。 宏观动态 央行今日开展4020亿元7天逆回购操作，净投放780亿元 中国央行今日开展4020亿元7天逆回购操作，投标量4020亿元，中标量4020亿元，操作利率为1.40％。 今日有3240亿元逆回购到期，当日实现净投放780亿元。 2025年人民币贷款增加16.27万亿元 1月27日，中国人民银行公布2025年四季度金融机构贷款投向统计报告。 2025年四季度末，金融机构人民币各项贷款余额271.91万亿元，同比增长6.4%，全年人民币贷款增加 16.27万亿元。 分期限看，短期贷款及票据融资余额64.16万亿元，同比增长11.0%，全年增加6.37万亿元。中长期贷款 余额118.39万亿元，同比增长7.9%， ...

Core Insights - The Shanghai "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes enhancing the competitiveness and influence of the international financial center, focusing on building a global RMB asset allocation center and risk management center, improving the modern financial system, and enhancing financial services for the real economy [1][10]. Group 1: Offshore Financial Zone - The plan proposes the establishment of an offshore financial (economic) functional zone, which is a significant innovation aimed at creating a financial ecosystem that allows efficient flow of domestic and foreign funds while managing risks [2][3]. - The offshore financial market will provide a new trading platform for foreign capital to invest in RMB assets, as the domestic financial market cannot be significantly liberalized in the short term [2][12]. - Specific measures include expanding cross-border and offshore financial services, enhancing cross-border investment and settlement facilitation, and optimizing the offshore account system [3][12]. Group 2: Development of Offshore Bonds - The development of offshore bonds is seen as a way to enrich financing tools and support enterprises in issuing bonds in offshore markets, which will lower financing costs [4][14]. - The issuance of offshore bonds has already seen participation from foreign investors, indicating a move towards a more open and internationalized market [4][13]. - The plan emphasizes the need to optimize the existing free trade account functions and improve the offshore financial regulatory framework [4][14]. Group 3: RMB Foreign Exchange Futures - The plan includes exploring the pilot program for RMB foreign exchange futures trading, which is crucial for managing RMB exchange rate risks and enhancing the market-based pricing mechanism for the RMB [5][6]. - Establishing a RMB foreign exchange futures market is a key step in promoting RMB internationalization and addressing the shortcomings in China's foreign exchange derivatives market [6][16]. - The pilot program aims to ensure that financial innovations serve the real economy while maintaining risk control [6][16]. Group 4: Support for Technology Finance - The plan highlights the importance of developing technology finance, supporting venture capital in early-stage investments, and promoting the development of the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and technology bonds [8][18]. - Shanghai plays a crucial role in supporting equity financing and bond financing for technology enterprises, with significant contributions from the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and the interbank bond market [9][18]. - The technology finance ecosystem is characterized by a diversified, full-cycle service model that includes banks as the main credit providers and stock markets for equity financing [9][19].

Core Viewpoint - The construction of Shanghai as an international financial center has transitioned from a "scale expansion" phase to a "functional upgrade" phase, with a focus on enhancing its competitiveness and influence in the global financial landscape [1][7]. Group 1: Strategic Goals - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the establishment of a global RMB asset allocation center and risk management center, highlighting the importance of deepening the interconnection between domestic and international financial markets [1][2]. - The plan includes the establishment of the Shanghai International Financial Asset Trading Platform to enrich RMB-denominated financial products and promote RMB internationalization [1][2]. Group 2: Institutional and Functional Enhancements - A key focus is on deepening institutional openness to enhance internationalization, addressing the current bottleneck of insufficient international functions [2][4]. - The plan proposes optimizing the offshore account system and promoting offshore credit and free trade offshore bond development, requiring pilot offshore financial special laws to stabilize market expectations [2][4]. Group 3: Financial Technology and Innovation - The plan prioritizes strengthening the core position of financial technology, with a focus on developing fintech and green finance, and exploring flexible regulatory sandbox mechanisms [3][5]. - It aims to integrate financial services with technology enterprises, providing comprehensive financial services throughout their lifecycle [3][5]. Group 4: Collaborative Development of the "Five Centers" - The "Five Centers" (financial, trade, shipping, technology, and cultural) need to work synergistically to break down functional barriers and achieve collaborative effects [5][6]. - The plan emphasizes the need for policy coordination and resource sharing to enhance the scale of technology finance and guide capital towards cutting-edge fields like AI and biomedicine [5][6]. Group 5: Global Resource Allocation and Risk Management - Shanghai aims to shift from scale expansion to functional upgrades, enhancing its pricing power and rule-making authority in global markets [6][7]. - The plan includes building a robust risk prevention system, utilizing technologies like blockchain for financial risk identification and management [6][7].

Core Insights - The Shanghai "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes enhancing the competitiveness and influence of Shanghai as an international financial center, focusing on building a global RMB asset allocation center and risk management center, and improving financial services for the real economy [1][2]. Group 1: Offshore Financial Zone - The plan proposes the establishment of an offshore financial (economic) functional zone, which is a significant innovation aimed at facilitating the return of foreign capital for RMB asset investment [3][4]. - The offshore financial market will operate under more relaxed regulations, providing a new trading market for foreign investments, with the Shanghai Free Trade Zone serving as a typical example [3][4]. - Measures include expanding cross-border financial services, enhancing offshore credit and free trade offshore bond development, and optimizing regulatory frameworks [4][5]. Group 2: RMB Foreign Exchange Futures - The plan includes exploring the pilot launch of RMB foreign exchange futures trading, which is crucial for managing RMB exchange rate risks and enhancing the market's pricing power [6][7]. - Establishing an RMB foreign exchange futures market is seen as a strategic move to deepen financial reforms and promote RMB internationalization [7]. - The pilot program will adhere to principles of practical demand and risk neutrality, ensuring that financial innovations serve the real economy while managing risks [7]. Group 3: Support for Technology Finance - The plan emphasizes the development of technology finance, supporting early-stage investments in hard technology and the growth of the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and technology bond markets [9][10]. - Shanghai plays a critical role in supporting equity and bond financing for technology enterprises, with significant fundraising achievements in the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and technology bonds [10]. - The overall strategy aims to transition the international financial center from scale expansion to quality improvement, focusing on serving the real economy through institutional innovation and technological empowerment [10].