通过基因改造酒酿酵母等细菌，利用发酵即可合成各类原本需化学合成或从天然原料提取的化合物，这 便是生物制造。华东理工大学教授魏东芝团队研发出的角鲨烯制造新工艺，一改以往只能从鲨鱼身上提 取的传统方式，通过"定制酶"与酵母菌改造，让酵母"酿"出高纯度角鲨烯，20吨发酵罐单次产能可替代 3000头鲨鱼的提取量。该产品已获国内外多项认证，广泛应用于疫苗佐剂、医药、化妆品、保健品等领 域。 魏东芝团队攻克的这道生物制造难题，只是其"多酶协同催化体系及生物基产品绿色制造技术创新与产 业化"项目在20余年发展中解决的诸多挑战之一。目前，由项目发展而来的"多酶协同催化体系"已实现 20余种医药、化工等产品原料的生物制造，堪称生物基产品制造的"工具箱"。近日，2025年度中国石油 和化学工业联合会科学技术奖揭晓，该项目获科技进步奖（含基础研究类）特等奖。 深耕底层，攻坚技术壁垒 面向产业，引领标准革新 在魏东芝担任所长的鲁华生物技术研究所一楼，几位学生正在几间前后连通的实验室里，观察反应器中 的产物与仪器上的读数。在实验室的尽头，是一套大小约为半个房间的发酵罐系统，其容量为300升， 设计标准与工业中的吨级发酵罐基本一致。这是 ...

2025年11月29日，"袁州油茶文化森林之旅"活动上，商户正在进行现场榨油销售。彭 健摄(中经视觉） 冬日清晨，江西省宜春市袁州区辽市镇茶油加工厂里，老板徐海忙个不停。崭新的立式压榨机正运转着，金 黄的茶油如溪水般流淌而出。"今年又丰收了，每天能出千余斤油，不愁卖。"徐海笑着说。 在袁州青山绿水间，一棵棵寻常的油茶树正结出"金果"——一条年综合产值达36亿元、贯穿生物医药与高端 护肤等领域的完整产业链。 科技下沉育好林 "以前种油茶，全凭经验，遇上天气不好，一年的收成就没了指望。"站在自家油茶林，西村镇种植大户彭家 满感慨道，"现在不一样了，良种苗种下去，亩产翻番"。 这片林地位于袁州区西村镇万亩国家级油茶科技示范基地，眼下虽已进入休园期，但林农们并未闲着，正忙 着对油茶树进行整形修枝、施肥松土等管护工作。 "你看它光秃秃的，其实它们在土里攒着劲儿呢，就等开春冒新芽儿！"基地技术员说。 袁州区作为全国油茶产业发展主产区的核心区，有着得天独厚的条件。"年均温度18摄氏度，土壤偏酸性，丘 陵坡度适合种植油茶。"袁州区林业局局长晏自平介绍。早在1958年，这里就因油茶产业发展成效显著，获国 务院授予"全国油茶生产 ...

中青报·中青网记者 王一迪 王烨捷 在华东理工大学鲁华生物技术研究所的实验室里，魏东芝教授团队成员丁永合已经记不清这是第几次守 在发酵罐前采集菌株参数了。参与"角鲨烯"合成项目的3年间，他经历了太多"意外"——菌株生长缓 慢、产量波动、发酵周期长……"做实验就是这样，菌株绝不会按照你的预期和'参数'生长。"丁永合 说，在大多数情况下，"无常"才是正常。需要不断试错，慢慢摸索菌株的"脾气"。 这样的状况正是生物制造实验室里的常态。然而，正是通过这种反复摸索和调整，魏东芝团队最终 将"角鲨烯"的发酵周期从最初的10天逐步缩短到7天，再到5天。"这不是一蹴而就的突破，而是通过无 数次的失败和调整，慢慢积累的进步。"丁永合说。 近日，魏东芝教授领衔的"多酶协同催化体系及生物基产品绿色制造技术创新与产业化"项目获得2025年 度中国石油和化学工业联合会科技进步特等奖。"角鲨烯"合成就是这项技术创新的代表之一。这份荣誉 背后，是一段关于20年坚持与创新的旅程。 魏东芝 （右一）和团队成员进行实验研讨。中青报·中青网记者王一迪/摄 然而，这条创新之路并非一帆风顺。丁永合回忆道，最初菌株发酵周期长达10天，且产量极不稳 定。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "oil-based skincare" and its effectiveness, emphasizing the importance of understanding the types of oils suitable for skin care and the need for a comprehensive moisturizing strategy rather than relying solely on oils [1][8]. Group 1: Understanding "Oil" in Skincare - The term "oil" in skincare refers to specific types of oils, not cooking oils like lard or canola oil, which are unsuitable for skin application [1]. - Common skincare oils include plant oils (e.g., coconut oil, jojoba oil) that are rich in fatty acids and help moisturize the skin [4]. - Mineral oils, such as dimethicone, provide moisturizing and skin conditioning effects by forming a protective barrier on the skin [5]. Group 2: Mechanism of "Oil-Based Skincare" - The principle behind "oil-based skincare" is that human skin contains natural lipids, and applying additional oils can help restore the lipid layer, preventing moisture loss and dryness [7][8]. - However, relying solely on oils for hydration is insufficient; a balanced approach considering skin type and environmental factors is necessary [8]. Group 3: Selecting Moisturizing Products - A good moisturizing product should not only contain oils but also effectively provide hydration and maintain skin softness and health [8]. - Key tips for selecting moisturizing products include understanding skin type, checking ingredient lists, considering seasonal changes, evaluating brand reputation, and assessing personal experience with the product [9][10][11][12][13]. Group 4: Key Ingredients for Moisturization - Effective moisturizing ingredients include hyaluronic acid, glycerin, ceramides, and plant oils, which help retain moisture and restore the skin barrier [15]. - Ingredients to avoid, especially for sensitive skin, include excessive fragrances, alcohol, and irritating chemicals [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "oil-based skincare" and its effectiveness, emphasizing that while certain oils can be beneficial, they should not be relied upon solely for hydration and must be used in conjunction with other moisturizing ingredients [1][12]. Group 1: Understanding "Oil" in Skincare - The term "oil" in skincare refers to specific types of oils, primarily plant oils (like coconut oil and jojoba oil) and mineral oils (like dimethicone), which can help moisturize and protect the skin [3][5]. - Some oils, such as olive oil, may actually harm the skin barrier due to their fatty acid structure [3]. Group 2: Mechanism of "Oil-Based Skincare" - The skin naturally contains lipid substances that help maintain its barrier; using additional oils can help restore this lipid layer, preventing moisture loss and dryness [7]. - However, oils alone do not provide hydration as they do not contain water, and relying solely on them can lead to continued dryness, especially in arid conditions [9]. Group 3: Limitations of Using Oils - Excessive use of oils can exacerbate acne and other skin issues, as they may promote the growth of acne-causing bacteria [10]. - Some oils may not be easily absorbed by the skin, leading to a greasy feeling without providing adequate moisture [11]. - Oils primarily create a barrier to prevent moisture loss but do not offer additional benefits like hydration or repair [11]. Group 4: Selecting Moisturizing Products - Effective moisturizing products should focus on providing sufficient hydration and preventing moisture loss, rather than just containing oils [14]. - Key ingredients to look for in moisturizers include hyaluronic acid, glycerin, ceramides, and plant oils, which can enhance hydration and skin barrier function [18][20][21][22]. Group 5: Tailoring Moisturizers to Skin Type - Different skin types require specific formulations: dry skin benefits from rich, hydrating products; oily skin should opt for lighter formulations; and sensitive skin needs gentle, low-irritant products [14][15][16]. - Seasonal and climatic conditions should also influence product choice, with heavier creams preferred in dry seasons and lighter lotions in humid conditions [24]. Group 6: Importance of Brand and User Experience - Choosing reputable brands with clinical validation can provide assurance of product efficacy [26]. - Personal experience and feedback from similar skin types are crucial in determining the effectiveness of a moisturizer [27].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the transformative potential of synthetic biology in traditional industries, particularly in agriculture, through a strategic partnership between GELEXIMCO Group, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, and Senrise Biotechnology [1][10]. Group 1: Market Overview - The global synthetic biology market is projected to reach $16 billion by 2024, with an annual growth rate of 27% over the past five years [1]. - Vietnam's agricultural market is substantial, with an estimated total output value of around $50 billion in 2024, showing a rising demand for green agricultural bioproducts [4]. Group 2: Strategic Partnership - The collaboration aims to develop and mass-produce synthetic biological products such as ginsenoside, jasmonate, and astaxanthin, focusing on sustainable agricultural practices [1][4]. - This partnership is expected to enhance cooperation between China and Vietnam in cutting-edge biotechnology, injecting new momentum into the green transformation of agriculture in ASEAN [1][10]. Group 3: Company Profiles - GELEXIMCO Group is a significant player in Vietnam's economy, with annual revenues exceeding 200 trillion VND and total assets reaching 800 trillion VND, aiming to establish a competitive synthetic biology platform [6]. - Vietnam National University of Agriculture is a leading institution in agricultural education and research, providing expertise and local insights for the partnership [7]. - Senrise Biotechnology has developed over 70 patents and utilizes AI algorithms and automated platforms for efficient production, focusing on high-yield chassis cells and precision fermentation [8]. Group 4: Societal Impact - The collaboration is expected to significantly contribute to Vietnam's agricultural green transformation and high-quality development by promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices [10]. - The project will foster talent development in synthetic biology and modern agriculture, establishing a collaborative innovation platform between academia and industry [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the advancements in synthetic biology for the production of functional lipids, showcasing the innovative research led by Professor Huang He from Nanjing Normal University and the Jiangsu Provincial Synthetic Biology Research Center [2][10][14]. Group 1: Importance of Synthetic Biology - Synthetic biology is described as a field that reprograms life, utilizing engineering methods and gene editing to transform microorganisms into efficient production "factories" for useful compounds [11][12]. - The integration of synthetic biology with clean technology offers innovative solutions to global challenges, especially with the advent of CRISPR and other gene editing tools [12]. Group 2: Role of Artificial Intelligence - Artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial in the development of synthetic biology, enabling systematic programming of biological components and significantly reducing the development time of microbial "factories" from years to months [13]. - The combination of machine learning and CRISPR technology optimizes microbial metabolic pathways, revolutionizing industrial biotechnology [13]. Group 3: Focus on Functional Lipids - The shift in dietary patterns, with a decrease in carbohydrate consumption and an increase in fat intake, underscores the importance of lipid metabolism in health and disease, prompting a focus on functional lipids, particularly unsaturated fatty acids [11]. - Traditional extraction methods for functional lipids from fish are limited by high costs and lengthy supply chains, leading to research on engineered lipid production for cost reduction and sustainable practices [11]. Group 4: Achievements and Innovations - The research team has successfully constructed a cell factory using synthetic biology methods, achieving over a twofold increase in fatty acid yield and reducing research and development time significantly [11]. - A high-throughput screening platform was developed, increasing efficiency by over ten times, reducing extraction time from three days to three hours, and cutting costs by 80% [11]. Group 5: Future Plans - Future research will explore the synthesis of functional lipids from purified components, aiming to combine various beneficial ingredients for health management [11]. - The goal includes designing formulations that integrate functional components, such as carotenoids for vision enhancement and other ingredients for brain health [11]. Group 6: Unique Advantages of the Research Center - The Jiangsu Provincial Synthetic Biology Research Center, established in 2023, focuses on industrial biological manufacturing, bridging basic science and applied research [12][14]. - The center promotes interdisciplinary exploration and engineering solutions, providing early-career researchers with autonomy and reducing administrative barriers to collaboration [12]. Group 7: Collaboration and Impact - The center collaborates with major enterprises like the National Development Investment Corporation to connect market demands with scientific breakthroughs and result transformations [14]. - The recent feature in the prestigious journal Nature highlights Professor Huang He's international academic influence in the field [14].

Project Overview - The project is named "Baikaiseng (Jiangsu) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. New Green Biosynthesis Industrialization Project" with a total investment of 120 million yuan, including 6.13 million yuan for environmental protection [2] - The project will be located in Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, covering an area of 29,597 square meters (approximately 44.39 acres) [2] - Construction is planned to start in June 2025 and be completed by December 2025 [2] Production Capacity and Products - The project will establish an automated flexible fermentation production line with a total annual production capacity of: - Squalene: 180 tons - Ergothioneine: 10 tons - Rebaudioside M: 50 tons - Valencene: 20 tons - Ectoine: 40 tons [2][3] - The production lines will operate for varying hours annually, with Squalene production running for 4,728 hours and Ergothioneine for 600 hours [3] Product Applications - Squalene: Used as a dietary supplement to improve fatigue and enhance immunity, suitable for high-pressure or hypoxic environments [5] - Ergothioneine: A natural antioxidant used as a dietary supplement with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects [6] - Ectoine: A natural amino acid derivative with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, aiding in post-exercise recovery [6] - Rebaudioside M: A natural sweetener derived from stevia, approved as a food additive, suitable for various food and beverage applications [6][7] - Valencene: A food additive used to enhance citrus aroma in food products [7] Company Background - Baikaiseng (Jiangsu) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Baikaiseng (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., established on March 15, 2024 [8] - The company focuses on the research and development of biomanufacturing technologies across pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food sectors [8]

Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of information exchange in nature, particularly among plants, highlighting that plants like corn and tomatoes can send signals to warn each other of threats such as insect attacks [1] - Tea trees, as an ancient species with a long history in China, have developed a sophisticated cold wave warning system to survive extreme climate challenges [1][2] - Individual tea trees exhibit differences in cold resistance, and when one tree detects a cold front, it releases specific aromatic compounds to alert neighboring trees, which then activate their own protective mechanisms [2][3] Group 2 - Research indicates that plant communication may not be a one-way signal but rather a form of dialogue, where receiving plants actively respond to the signals they receive [2][3] - The interaction among tea trees involves a mutual support network, where the alerted trees not only receive warnings but also provide assistance back to the signaling tree, enhancing overall resilience [3] - The study of plant communication is evolving, with the potential for humans to decode these interactions, leading to a better understanding of plant needs and fostering a more respectful relationship with nature [3]