魏 飞 科幻作品中，出现过太空电梯的身影——不需要火箭，只要坐上电梯，人们就可以直达太空。 太空电梯的原理是这样的：将一根极长的缆绳，一端固定在赤道地面，另一端连接位于地球同步轨道的 空间站，再在更远处设置配重。地球自转时，缆绳受向上的离心力与向下的重力共同作用而绷紧，电梯 厢便可沿缆绳往返天地间。 早在1895年，就有科学家提出建造直达太空的"天梯"。这一设想提出已逾百年，似乎仍停留在想象阶 段，原因何在？问题的关键，在于找到足够强韧的缆绳材料。 太空电梯缆绳必须同时承受巨大的重力和离心力作用，对材料的抗拉强度要求极高。有没有既轻又强 的"超级材料"呢？1991年，科学家发现了碳纳米管，这给太空电梯研究带来了曙光。 碳纳米管是由碳原子按六边形蜂窝状结构排列而成的中空管状材料，直径只有几纳米到几十纳米。别看 身形纤细，它是人类发现的力学性能最优的材料之一：理论上，单壁碳纳米管的抗拉强度可超过100吉 帕，是最好钢材的数百倍；其杨氏模量(衡量材料刚性的指标)高达1太帕，极难被拉伸变形。更难得的 是，其密度仅为钢的1/4左右，单位质量的强度很高。 《 人民日报 》( 2026年01月24日 06 版) 研究团队还 ...

本报记者 谷业凯 数据来源：国家知识产权局 制图：汪哲平 1月23日，国务院新闻办举行新闻发布会，介绍2025年知识产权工作进展。2025年，我国共授权发明专 利97.2万件，受理PCT国际专利申请7.8万件，注册商标420.6万件。截至2025年底，我国国内发明专利 有效量达532万件，每万人口高价值发明专利拥有量达到16件。 信息技术管理方法、计算机技术、医学技术等领域有效发明专利增速最快 创新质量持续提升，重点区域创新活跃。国家知识产权局副局长芮文彪介绍，在国内有效发明专利中， 信息技术管理方法、计算机技术、医学技术等领域的有效发明专利增速最快，人工智能专利有效量居全 球前列。截至2025年底，长三角地区、京津冀地区和广东省的发明专利有效量分别为173.4万件、91.6万 件和89.9万件，合计约占国内总量的2/3。 截至2025年底，我国国内高价值发明专利拥有量达到229.2万件，占国内有效发明专利比重达到43.1%， 较"十三五"末提高2.9个百分点。 纠正"唯数量"倾向，将推动全面取消专利申请和授权阶段的财政资助 知识产权效益加速显现。2025年，我国完成专利转让许可备案69.7万次，同比增长13 ...

Core Insights - The "Two New" policies in China are effectively driving investment and consumption, optimizing supply structure, and enhancing economic quality, providing a solid foundation for stable and long-term economic growth [1] Investment Sector - Equipment investment is experiencing strong growth, with a year-on-year increase of 11.8% in 2025, contributing 1.8 percentage points to overall investment growth and accounting for 18.0% of total investment, an increase of 2.5 percentage points from the previous year [2] - The growth in equipment investment is attributed to a combination of government policies, such as fiscal subsidies and tax incentives, and proactive responses from enterprises in the manufacturing and high-tech sectors [2] - This investment is not only expanding production capacity but also driving the digitalization, intelligence, and greening of production systems, thereby enhancing the resilience and safety of the industrial supply chain [2] Consumption Sector - The "old-for-new" consumption policy has been significantly strengthened in 2025, stimulating potential consumer demand and promoting the optimization of consumption structure, with retail sales of consumer goods above designated size increasing by 3.4% year-on-year, accelerating by 0.7 percentage points from the previous year [3] - Key trends in consumption include: - Green and smart products becoming the main theme, with retail sales of communication equipment and cultural office supplies growing by 20.9% and 17.3% respectively [4] - Home furnishings seeing a 14.6% increase in retail sales, significantly up by 11 percentage points from the previous year [4] - New energy vehicle retail sales reaching 12.809 million units, a 17.6% year-on-year increase, with a penetration rate of 53.9%, up 6.3 percentage points from the previous year [4] Mechanism and Policy Integration - The success of the "Two New" policies is attributed to their integration with industrial, technological, and environmental policies, creating a virtuous cycle of investment, supply enhancement, demand creation, and re-investment [5] - The policies effectively address structural contradictions in the market, such as overcapacity in some industries and insufficient high-end supply, accelerating the marketization of new technologies and products [5] - The policies are also aligned with the "dual carbon" goals, promoting energy efficiency and reducing pollution, thus facilitating a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development [6] Future Outlook - The ongoing implementation of the "Two New" policies is expected to further release their synergistic effects, solidifying the economic recovery and supporting the cultivation of new productive forces, the construction of a modern industrial system, and the achievement of carbon neutrality goals [6]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the achievements and teaching philosophy of Xiong Jing, a senior lecturer at Dazhou Vocational High School in Sichuan Province, who has been dedicated to vocational education for over 20 years, focusing on computer and accounting disciplines [2] Group 1: Teaching Innovation - Xiong Jing actively explores innovative teaching methods, emphasizing the integration of quality content and effective classroom practices [2] - She has developed a blended teaching model that incorporates the cultivation of craftsmanship and professional ethics throughout the teaching process [2] Group 2: Student Development - Xiong Jing is committed to enhancing students' professional skills while also shaping their character, achieving a dual empowerment of skill enhancement and character development [2] - She is adept at identifying the strengths of students who face learning difficulties, helping them build confidence [2] Group 3: Class Management - The classes led by Xiong Jing are characterized by a positive class atmosphere and strong academic discipline, earning multiple accolades such as "Advanced Class Collective" and "Red Flag Youth League Branch" [2] Group 4: Teacher's Dedication - Xiong Jing exemplifies the dedication of modern educators, illuminating the vocational dreams of countless students through her commitment and responsibility [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that freezing rain is a hazardous weather phenomenon with a unique formation mechanism that poses significant risks to transportation, power supply, and public safety [1][2][5] Group 2 - Freezing rain occurs when supercooled water droplets in the atmosphere freeze upon contact with surfaces below 0°C, leading to ice formation that can create hazardous conditions such as icy roads and downed power lines [2][3] - The formation of freezing rain involves a complex process transitioning from solid to liquid to supercooled liquid and then to solid upon contact, which is different from regular rain and snow [3] - The article emphasizes the importance of public safety measures during freezing rain events, including reducing unnecessary travel, wearing non-slip shoes, and staying informed about weather warnings [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the multifaceted nature of China, as articulated by President Xi Jinping, who uses the "blind men and the elephant" parable to illustrate the need for a comprehensive view of the country [2][3]. Group 1 - President Xi Jinping highlights the significance of ambassadors understanding the diverse and rapidly changing landscape of China, urging them to explore various regions to foster deeper friendships and cooperation [2][3]. - The "14th Five-Year Plan" is mentioned as a blueprint for China's economic and social development over the next five years, which also presents opportunities for the world [3]. - Xi Jinping asserts that China's doors will continue to open wider, aiming to inject more certainty and new momentum into global development through high-quality growth [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles emphasizes the stability and growth of China's agricultural sector, which is crucial for the overall economic development and social stability [1][2][3] - In 2025, China's total grain production reached 71.488 million tons, an increase of 8.38 million tons or 1.2% from the previous year, with significant growth in corn (2.1%), rice (0.7%), and soybeans (1.3%) [1] - The total meat production, including pork, beef, lamb, and poultry, reached 10.072 million tons, marking a 4.2% year-on-year increase and surpassing 100 million tons for the first time [1] Group 2 - Rural residents' per capita disposable income in 2025 reached 24,456 yuan, with a real growth of 6.0% after adjusting for price factors, outpacing urban residents' income growth [2] - The rural consumer goods retail sales in 2025 amounted to 68,230 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 4.1%, which is higher than the average growth rate in urban areas [3] - Various policies and initiatives have been implemented to prevent large-scale poverty and ensure the stability of income for rural residents, including employment support and collaboration between different regions and sectors [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining children's health during the winter vacation, which is a peak season for respiratory infections and a time when children's routines may be disrupted. Group 1: Health Management - Winter and spring are high seasons for respiratory infections like influenza and mycoplasma pneumonia, with increased risk due to gatherings and movement [2] - Good personal hygiene practices, such as washing hands before meals and after touching public items, are essential [2] - It is advised to avoid crowded places and ensure proper ventilation at home to maintain air quality [2] Group 2: Vaccination and Symptoms - Timely vaccination against preventable diseases like influenza is recommended for eligible children [3] - If children exhibit symptoms like fever or cough, they should rest at home and seek medical attention if necessary [3] Group 3: Eye Health - Increased screen time during the vacation can lead to a higher risk of myopia development [4] - Engaging in over 2 hours of outdoor activities daily is an effective method to prevent myopia [5] - Following the "20-20-20" rule for screen time can help reduce eye strain [5] Group 4: Nutrition - The holiday season often leads to overeating and unhealthy snacking among children [7] - Regular meals should be maintained, avoiding excessive snacking and ensuring a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains [8][9] - Drinking sufficient water, preferably plain water, is encouraged while limiting sugary beverages [10][11] Group 5: Sleep and Routine - Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is crucial to avoid disruptions in biological rhythms during the holiday [12] - Recommended sleep durations are 10 hours for elementary students, 9 hours for middle schoolers, and 8 hours for high schoolers [13] - Engaging in at least 1 hour of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily can improve sleep quality [14] Group 6: Family Interaction - The holiday is an opportunity to strengthen parent-child relationships, but it may also lead to conflicts over homework and screen time [15] - Open communication and listening to children's thoughts are important for emotional support [15] - Jointly planning holiday activities can help balance work and leisure [16] Group 7: Safety Precautions - Safety measures should be taken during winter activities to prevent accidents related to ice and snow [18] - Adhering to local regulations regarding fireworks and ensuring adult supervision during their use is essential [18] - Traffic safety rules must be followed, especially regarding age restrictions for riding bicycles and electric vehicles [19]

电焊机装上"智慧芯"，监控化身"安全员"，一旦违规作业，系统秒级预警，声光报警即时响应……近 日，浙江移动助力嘉兴海盐成功打造"劳动密集场所电焊作业智慧化监管平台"，通过技术赋能与流程再 造，实现监管模式从"传统人防"向"数字智控"的跃升，为当地劳动密集场所构筑"可知、可视、可控"的 智能化安全防火墙。 近年来，违规电焊作业引发的火灾事故屡有发生。如何有效破解电焊作业安全监管难题，成为各地有关 部门亟待破解的课题。 据悉，电焊设备一旦进入划定的"电子围栏"重点区域后，系统即实现智能监控，通过5G网络实时上传 监控数据，依托移动智算云的强大算力支持，焊机识别、人员识别、焊接光频识别等多模态AI算法大 模型稳定运行，确保系统7×24小时不间断自动分析监控画面，精准捕捉"未报备作业""安管员脱岗""未 加装芯片设备违规使用"等风险行为，并同步秒级触发即时预警，形成"智能识别—实时预警—快速响 应"的安全管控闭环。系统识别准确率达95%以上，安全隐患预警处置时效提升70%以上。 "以前，电焊工安全意识不强，经常未按企业规范进行电焊施工，一旦发生火灾企业将损失重大。现在 我们在作业现场划定了电子围栏区域和安装监控，同时 ...

Group 1 - The central government is addressing formalism and reducing burdens on grassroots levels, highlighting three typical issues related to this initiative [1][2][3] - In Liaoning Province, a city spent 4.98 million yuan on consulting services to improve its ranking in a "Top 100 Counties" list, which did not yield practical development suggestions [1] - In Henan Province, local departments set unreasonable assessment criteria for attracting external funds, leading to falsified data submissions by grassroots entities [2] - In Yunnan Province, frequent ranking notifications led to data manipulation by local authorities to meet imposed targets, resulting in significant discrepancies in reported figures [2] Group 2 - These issues reveal a deviation in performance evaluation perspectives among local departments, with some prioritizing superficial achievements over genuine progress [3] - The practice of purchasing rankings and manipulating data has increased the financial burden on grassroots levels and encouraged profit-seeking behavior among ranking agencies [3] - There is a call for local governments to adhere to the guiding principles of Xi Jinping's thought, emphasizing the need for genuine performance based on practical results rather than superficial metrics [3]