读懂建设能源强国的发展逻辑、思想力量和制度优势 能源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础和动力源泉。 习近平总书记指出："能源的饭碗必须端在自己手里。""加快建设新型能源体系，注重传统能源与新能源多能互补、深度融合。" "加快建设新型能源体系""建设能源强国"写入"十五五"规划建议；中央经济工作会议提出"制定能源强国建设规划纲要，加快新型能源体系建设， 扩大绿电应用"……一系列顶层设计为我国能源事业发展指明方向、提供遵循。 当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，人类社会同时进入第六次科技革命、第四次工业革命和第三次能源革命"三大革命"叠合发展期，各国把能 源摆在了更加重要的战略位置，全球能源版图越来越深刻影响世界地缘格局。 全球最大能源生产国、能源消费国、能源进口国，全球最大新能源生产国和利用强国……放眼全球，中国已是毋庸置疑的能源大国。 从1949年中国一次能源生产总量仅0.2亿吨标准煤，到2024年达到49.8亿吨标准煤，增长249倍。 从1949年全国发电43亿千瓦时，到2024年超10万亿千瓦时，创造全球单一国家发电量的新纪录。 党的十八大以来，我国万元GDP能耗累计下降27.2%，是全球能耗强度降低最快的国家 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of electricity in building a strong energy nation, highlighting the need for a comprehensive strategy that prioritizes electricity to support economic and social development [2][3]. Group 1: Development Position of Electricity in Energy Nation - High-quality development of electricity lays a solid foundation for building a strong energy nation, with significant achievements since the 18th National Congress, effectively meeting the growing electricity needs of the population [4]. - National electricity consumption is expected to exceed 10 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, with installed capacity reaching 3.79 billion kilowatts, surpassing the total of G7 countries [4]. - The electricity supply system has diversified, with a clean energy supply structure formed by coal, gas, nuclear, and renewable energy sources, and the "West-East Power Transmission" capacity reaching 340 million kilowatts [4]. Group 2: New Power System as a Key Pathway - The new power system is essential for building a strong energy nation, with a clear trend towards electrification in energy production and consumption, where electricity accounts for about 50% of primary energy consumption [5]. - By 2060, it is anticipated that non-fossil energy consumption will exceed 80%, with electricity's share of primary energy consumption reaching around 80% [5]. - The new power system will enhance energy self-sufficiency and facilitate global energy governance, aligning with the goals of building a strong energy nation [5]. Group 3: Promoting Electricity First - The electricity sector has maintained a high investment growth rate, which is crucial for adapting to complex changes in the development environment and supporting the construction of a strong energy nation [6]. - There is a need to proactively plan major projects that represent new electricity production capabilities and accelerate the development of emerging industries in the electricity sector [6]. - Internationally, efforts should be made to promote the mutual recognition of China's renewable energy green power certificates and enhance the competitiveness of export-oriented industries in green development [6]. Group 4: New Responsibilities of Electricity in Energy Nation Construction - The focus is on building a new power system by 2030, enhancing electricity security, and ensuring a robust supply of clean electricity from both non-fossil and traditional energy sources [7]. - The construction of a new grid platform that integrates main and distributed microgrids will enhance the intelligent scheduling capabilities of the grid [8]. - The development of renewable energy bases and the promotion of new energy technologies are essential for achieving annual increases of over 200 million kilowatts in renewable energy generation capacity [8]. Group 5: Enhancing International Influence - The establishment of a unified national electricity market and the improvement of market-based pricing mechanisms are crucial for stabilizing electricity prices and encouraging investment [9]. - Efforts should be made to enhance the international recognition of China's green electricity certification standards and to expand overseas investments in green electricity projects [9]. - The article calls for the development of a comprehensive overseas electricity service system to meet the green development needs of countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative [9].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the rapid growth of clean energy projects in China, which are crucial for ensuring energy supply during peak winter demand and stimulating economic growth through green initiatives [2][4][5][6]. Group 1: Clean Energy Capacity Growth - As of November 2025, China's total installed power generation capacity reached 3.79 billion kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 17.1% [2]. - Solar power capacity reached 1.16 billion kilowatts, growing by 41.9% year-on-year, while wind power capacity increased to 600 million kilowatts, up by 22.4% [2]. - Hydropower capacity stood at 440 million kilowatts, with a 3% year-on-year growth, and nuclear power capacity reached 60 million kilowatts, growing by 7.6% [2]. Group 2: Nuclear Power Projects - The Zhangzhou Nuclear Power Phase I project has been completed, with the second unit of the project expected to provide approximately 60 billion kilowatt-hours of clean electricity annually [4]. - The construction of the world's largest "Hualong One" nuclear power base is underway, with plans for six units [4]. Group 3: Energy Storage Developments - The largest all-vanadium flow battery energy storage station in China, located in Xinjiang, is set to enhance the utilization rate of associated photovoltaic power stations by over 10%, potentially generating an additional 230 million kilowatt-hours of clean energy annually [4]. Group 4: Solar Energy Projects - The first flexible support photovoltaic project in sandy areas, with a capacity of 2 million kilowatts, is expected to generate 2.96 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by over 2.68 million tons [4]. - The first million-kilowatt offshore photovoltaic project in China is projected to meet 60% of the electricity demand in its locality, generating 1.78 billion kilowatt-hours annually [4]. Group 5: Hydropower Projects - The Yebatan Hydropower Station, the highest arch dam power station under construction in China, has begun operations, with an expected annual generation of over 10.2 billion kilowatt-hours, saving approximately 3.1 million tons of standard coal and reducing carbon emissions by over 8.3 million tons [5]. Group 6: Investment Growth in Clean Energy - From January to November 2025, investment in the electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply sectors grew by 10.7%, contributing 0.8 percentage points to overall investment growth [5]. - Investment in solar, wind, nuclear, and hydropower collectively increased by 7.4% [5]. Group 7: Infrastructure Projects - Recent approvals for major infrastructure projects, including the Zhejiang UHV AC ring network project and the Dadu River Danba hydropower station, involve total investments exceeding 400 billion yuan, aimed at enhancing China's modern infrastructure system [6]. Group 8: Economic Implications - The rapid growth in clean energy investment is significant for economic stability, leveraging China's large market to enhance the competitiveness of clean energy and stimulate related industries [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the guidelines issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration aimed at promoting high-quality development of the power grid, with a target to establish a new type of power grid platform by 2030, integrating main grids, distribution networks, and smart microgrids [2]. Group 1 - By 2030, the capacity for resource optimization in the power grid is expected to be significantly enhanced, with the "West-to-East Power Transmission" scale exceeding 420 million kilowatts and an additional inter-provincial power exchange capacity of around 40 million kilowatts [2]. - The new power grid platform will support renewable energy generation to account for approximately 30% of the total, with the capacity to accommodate distributed renewable energy reaching 900 million kilowatts and supporting over 40 million charging infrastructure units [2]. - The current power grid in China is recognized as the world's strongest in terms of transmission capacity, highest operational voltage levels, and largest scale of renewable energy integration, with a "West-to-East Power Transmission" capacity of 340 million kilowatts, representing about 23% of the maximum national electricity load projected for 2025 [2]. Group 2 - The guidelines outline seven key tasks, including clarifying the functional positioning of the new power grid platform, strengthening unified planning and construction of various levels of the power grid, and enhancing the safety governance capabilities of the grid [2]. - The article emphasizes the importance of optimizing the collaborative development of main grids, distribution networks, and microgrids, and advancing the planning and construction of cross-provincial and cross-regional transmission channels [3]. - It highlights the need for increased investment in the power grid and the evolution of the grid structure from a unidirectional to a multidirectional mixed structure to support the scalable development of new power business models [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significance of the newly released "Basic Rules for the Medium and Long-term Electricity Market" (referred to as "25 Rules") in the context of supporting high-quality development of renewable energy in China, especially in a spot market environment [3]. Group 1: Definition of Medium and Long-term - The term "medium and long-term" in the electricity market encompasses two dimensions: "far" and "long," where "far" refers to transactions conducted well in advance of electricity delivery, and "long" refers to transactions involving electricity over extended periods [4]. - The "25 Rules" clarify that medium and long-term trading involves electricity products or services for future periods, including various time dimensions such as years, months, and shorter intervals [4]. Group 2: Role of Medium and Long-term Market - The medium and long-term market plays a crucial role in stabilizing supply and demand relationships by allowing parties to lock in prices and revenues, thereby reducing risks associated with supply fluctuations and financial uncertainties [5]. - From a "long" perspective, the medium and long-term market facilitates trading across multiple time periods with different price levels, helping to mitigate risks associated with price volatility [5]. Group 3: Changes and Developments in New Rules - The inclusion of new types of market participants, such as energy storage and virtual power plants, enhances the market's risk management capabilities and supports innovative trading systems [8]. - The "25 Rules" provide clearer definitions of rights and obligations for market participants, detailing the information they must provide, such as power plant maintenance schedules and demand forecasts [8]. - The trading methods have been diversified to improve market liquidity, with requirements for regular and continuous trading sessions to address uncertainties arising from increased penetration of renewable energy [9]. - Green electricity trading has been incorporated into the new rules, promoting long-term green power transactions and establishing flexible contract adjustment mechanisms [9]. - The new rules emphasize market-driven pricing mechanisms and the need for coordination with spot market mechanisms, ensuring that prices reflect market conditions [10]. - The "25 Rules" aim to create a comprehensive, low-cost, transparent, and highly liquid medium and long-term market, essential for balancing supply and demand risks and price anomalies in the context of rapid renewable energy development [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of coal in supporting China's energy security and the transition to a new energy system, highlighting the need for high-quality development in the coal industry amidst evolving energy demands and environmental goals [2][3]. Group 1: New Positioning of Coal Development - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, China's coal supply security has significantly improved, with enhanced industrial structure and safety measures, playing an irreplaceable role in national energy security [3]. - The coal industry faces new challenges and requirements during the 15th Five-Year Plan, particularly in supporting the new energy system and addressing the impacts of renewable energy's intermittent nature [3][4]. - Coal must enhance its role in system regulation and support the transition to a low-carbon economy, necessitating improvements in capacity structure and production flexibility [3][4]. Group 2: New Pathways for Coal Development - The coal industry is urged to accelerate its transformation and upgrade production capabilities to meet higher standards for supply security and efficiency [6]. - Optimizing the production layout is essential, focusing on resource evaluation and ensuring stable coal production in key regions while managing new capacity effectively [6][7]. - Emphasis is placed on technological innovation to enhance productivity, safety, and environmental sustainability within the coal sector [6][7]. - The article advocates for the integration of coal with renewable energy sources, promoting green energy initiatives in mining areas to reduce carbon emissions [7].

在统一市场框架下，各省市结合自身资源禀赋与系统需求，积极探索形成了差异化的市场参与机制。 在新型储能方面，各 省形成了三类核心参与路径。山东、广东以 "报量报价"方式作为独立主体直接参与现货市场；甘肃采用"报量不报价"模式 参与现货市场，通过"低谷充电、高峰放电"获取价差收益；山西则允许储能主体自主选择参与现货市场的方式。同时，广 东、甘肃、山西、山东等地储能可参与调频市场。其中， 广东 建立了独立储能参与现货市场与区域调频市场的衔接机制， 实现 "一体多用、分时复用"。在虚拟电厂方面，广东按资源属性分为负荷类与发电类虚拟电厂，支持参与电能量、需求响 应及辅助服务交易。山西则允许虚拟电厂参与电力中长期、现货及辅助服务市场，并对灵活性调节能力给予补偿。在分布 式新能源方面，河北、江苏、山西等省份陆续允许分布式能源选择独立或聚合模式参与绿电交易，通过市场化机制实现环 境价值。 （三）市场参与规模持续扩大，系统调节效能提升 积极推动新型主体入市机制建设 ——《电力中长期市场基本规则》解读 近期，《电力中长期市场基本规则》（以下简称《基本规则》）正式发布，首次明确了新型主体的定义及参与市场交易的 相关规定，为完善入市 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of solar thermal power as a key technology in China's energy transition, aiming for a total installed capacity of approximately 15 million kilowatts by 2030, with electricity costs comparable to coal power [2][3]. Group 1: Importance of Solar Thermal Power - Solar thermal power acts as a stabilizer and regulator for the power grid, providing continuous and stable electricity even during nighttime or cloudy days, which is crucial as wind and solar power installations increase [3]. - The development of solar thermal power is expected to drive advancements in high-end manufacturing sectors, including precision machinery and high-temperature materials, enhancing China's competitiveness in the global renewable energy supply chain [3]. Group 2: Current Status and Challenges - China has successfully mastered mainstream solar thermal technologies, with the cost of power generation dropping to around 0.6 yuan per kilowatt-hour and construction costs decreasing from approximately 30,000 yuan per kilowatt to 15,000 yuan over the past decade [3][4]. - Despite its potential, solar thermal power faces challenges such as high initial investment and reliance on imported technology, which contribute to elevated project costs [4]. Group 3: Policy Measures and Solutions - Policies aim to reduce costs through large-scale deployment and the establishment of solar thermal power as a primary source in new energy stations, potentially increasing annual installed capacity by nearly 3 million kilowatts [4]. - The government encourages the localization of key equipment and optimization of performance to reduce import dependency and enhance operational efficiency [4]. Group 4: Future Trends - By 2030, solar thermal power is expected to integrate with other energy sources, such as photovoltaic and wind power, to provide stable energy solutions [5]. - The industry will diversify its technology routes and focus on efficiency improvements, moving from merely increasing installed capacity to enhancing power generation efficiency and reducing costs [6]. - Solar thermal power companies will evolve into comprehensive energy service providers, offering not just electricity but also peak regulation and backup services, becoming essential components of the new energy system [6].

Core Viewpoint - Concentrated solar power (CSP) is positioned as a key solution for high-proportion renewable energy consumption in China, leveraging its advantages in energy storage and flexible power generation [2][5]. Group 1: Policy and Strategic Goals - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued guidelines aiming for a total installed capacity of approximately 15 million kilowatts for CSP by 2030, with electricity costs comparable to coal power [2]. - The guidelines emphasize the importance of fostering a new industry that is internationally competitive, with a focus on independent market-oriented and industrial development [2]. Group 2: Cost Optimization and Application Expansion - Achieving the outlined goals requires a focus on cost optimization and expanding applications, including establishing a reasonable market mechanism to highlight the value of CSP in peak shaving and energy storage [4]. - The "CSP+" model is enabling diverse applications, extending from large wind-solar bases to zero-carbon parks, industrial steam supply, and clean heating [4]. Group 3: Role in Energy Transition - CSP is becoming a vital force in constructing a new energy system, contributing reliable green power to the transformation of the energy structure [5].

"规"以求圆，"范"以兴市 —— 谈《电力中长期市场基本规则》的 "规"与"范" 目前，我国电力市场化改革正处于 " 三个转型发展期交汇、三大战略性目标并重 "的关键时期： 一是 电力市场化改革由试水期转入深水区。 当前，全国统一电力市场体系加速推进，电力现货市场进入了实质性试运行。 利益格局深度重构，利益调整不断加大，利益冲突易发频发。要求电力市场建设始终不忘改革初心，牢记改革使命，真正 释放改革红利、实现让利于民。 二是 电力系统由 "传统"向"新型"转型发展的过渡期。当前，新能源发展装机规模已经超过传统煤电机组，新型电力系统 建设进入了关键期。市场主体规模剧增，业务模式不断创新，交易策略调整频繁。要求电力市场建设适应新型电力系统发 展要求，为新型市场主体的培育和发展创造条件，为电力系统转型发展提供机制保障。 三是 国家治理现代化的治理技术升级换代期。当前，国家治理现代化已经深入到国家运行的方方面面并产生实质性重大影 响。治理要求不断提高，治理方式不断创新，治理措施不断深入。要求电力市场建设加强技术创新、以人工智能技术发展 为契机提升市场治理能力，有效防范市场运营风险，为经济社会发展提供持续稳定的能源基础 ...