整理 | GLP1减重宝典内容团队 随着越来越多美国人使用原本用于治疗糖尿病的GLP-1类药物来减肥，美国餐饮业正悄然发生变化。由于食欲明显下降，不少消费者开 始偏好份量更小、价格更低的餐食，促使餐厅主动调整菜单结构。 在纽约拥有五家门店的餐厅Clinton Hall，近日推出了迷你汉堡套餐：一口大小的汉堡、少量薯条，以及仅3盎司的啤酒、马提尼或葡萄 酒，整套售价8美元。这种"缩小版正餐"迅速受到减肥人群和精打细算的消费者欢迎。 餐厅老板哈齐乔吉欧表示，过去餐馆里大量食物最终被丢弃，既浪费也增加成本。推出迷你套餐的初衷正是减少浪费，而市场反应超出 预期。他透露，许多顾客在点餐时都会感叹，"以前一顿饭其实就是这个分量"，现在反而觉得更舒适。 根据美国非营利机构KFF上个月发布的调查，目前约八分之一的美国成年人正在使用胰妥赞等GLP-1类药物。这类药物通过抑制食欲、 减少进食量，在控制糖尿病的同时，也成为风靡美国的减肥手段。 世界卫生组织也指出，GLP-1疗法可作为成年肥胖症患者的长期治疗方案之一，但需结合健康饮食、规律运动及专业指导，而非单一依 赖药物。 学界同样关注这一趋势对饮食文化的深远影响。纽约大学营养学 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing popularity and accessibility of the weight loss drug Mounjaro, particularly in the UK, highlighting its effectiveness and the challenges faced in its distribution through the National Health Service (NHS) [5][6][7]. Group 1: Mounjaro Overview - Mounjaro, a weight loss drug, is gaining traction and is being privately sold in clinics and pharmacies [6]. - The NHS is gradually introducing Mounjaro, with a long-term plan that may take up to 12 years to meet patient demand [6][7]. - The drug is intended for individuals with a BMI over 35 and at least one obesity-related health issue, as per NICE guidelines [7]. Group 2: Patient Experiences - Alix Harvey, a 35-year-old marine biologist, reported a 25% weight loss and a decrease in BMI from 32 to 22 after using Mounjaro for six months, although she expressed concerns about weight rebound after stopping the drug [10][11]. - Jane Graham, a 60-year-old heart physiologist, is eager to use Mounjaro but is disappointed that her BMI of 30 disqualifies her from NHS coverage, fearing that waiting for treatment could be too late for her health [13][14]. - Paul, 53, and his wife have been using Mounjaro purchased from a private clinic, with his wife losing 5 stone (31.7 kg) since starting the treatment [16].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses significant developments in the GLP-1 receptor agonist market, highlighting recent financing events and advancements in drug development aimed at obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment [4][6]. Group 1: Company Developments - On January 20, 2026, Gilead Sciences announced the selection of a new generation of monthly subcutaneous GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR triple receptor agonists [4]. - On January 22, 2026, Jixing Pharmaceuticals completed a $287 million Series D financing round, focusing on the clinical development of its oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist CX11 for obesity, overweight, and type 2 diabetes [4]. - The funds raised will support ongoing Phase II clinical trials for obesity and type 2 diabetes in the U.S. and prepare for subsequent Phase III trials [4]. Group 2: Product Insights - CX11 is an oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist designed to provide a more convenient alternative to current injectable GLP-1 therapies [6]. - In December 2024, Jixing Pharmaceuticals acquired global rights (excluding China) to the CX11 project from Wenta Pharmaceutical, integrating it into their core pipeline [6]. - The CEO of Jixing Pharmaceuticals stated that this financing marks a significant milestone for the company, accelerating innovation in cardiovascular metabolic disease drug development and indicating a new phase of global growth [6]. Group 3: Investment Landscape - The financing round attracted notable international biopharmaceutical investors, including RTW Investments and Hengdian Capital, along with new investors such as SR One, TCGX, RA Capital Management, and others [6]. - This reflects a sustained interest from top-tier investors in the oral GLP-1 space, indicating confidence in the potential of these therapies [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing regulatory scrutiny by the U.S. Congress on GLP-1 drugs and their production by Chinese biotechnology companies, driven by concerns over the safety and legality of these products entering the U.S. market [6][7][9]. Regulatory Concerns - U.S. Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi has formally requested three Chinese biotech companies to provide detailed information regarding the production, labeling, and export of GLP-1 drugs, amid rising concerns about unregulated products entering the U.S. drug supply chain [6]. - The companies named include Chinese Peptide Company, Zhongtai Biochemical Co., Ltd., and Hubei JXBio Biotech, which are believed to produce semaglutide and tirzepatide that may bypass FDA regulations [6][7]. Patient Safety and Health Risks - Krishnamoorthi emphasized that drug safety is non-negotiable for millions of American patients relying on GLP-1 medications, warning that illegal manufacturing could expose patients to unstudied health risks and undermine the U.S. drug safety system [7]. - The FDA has received hundreds of adverse reaction reports related to illegal compounded GLP-1 drugs, with potential links to serious health issues, including gastrointestinal disorders and even death [7][8]. Supply Chain and Compliance Issues - Despite the FDA declaring an end to the supply shortage of semaglutide, Krishnamoorthi warned that the underground supply chain remains active, with Chinese GLP-1 products potentially entering the U.S. market through mislabeling and other evasive actions [8]. - The Congressman posed 13 specific questions to the companies regarding their production processes, customer lists, and compliance with U.S. regulations, indicating a thorough examination of the GLP-1 global supply chain [8][9]. Shift in Regulatory Focus - The regulatory focus is shifting from merely approving and pricing end drugs to scrutinizing cross-border manufacturing, raw material sources, and traceability, indicating a broader competition involving compliance capabilities and supply chain transparency [9].

以下文章来源于肥胖世界ObesityWorld ，作者欢迎订阅 肥胖世界ObesityWorld . 《肥胖世界》Obesity World - 同步传真肥胖及代谢国际新学术进展，为医学减重临床、教研人员搭建一座与国际接轨的桥梁，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 《柳叶刀》（The Lancet）近日刊登了一项涵盖全球八大地区的研究，聚焦全身及腹部肥胖与高血压之间的关系。该研究深入分析了全球各地 不同人群内部及群体间BMI与腰高比的关联，并对这两个指标在高血压患者与非高血压患者之间的差异进行了量化。结果显示，BMI能够较为 准确地区分腹部脂肪含量高低的中青年人群，准确度达到中等偏高水平；同时，BMI和腰高比这两个指标均可有效区分高血压患者与非高血压 人群。 01 • 背景 肥胖通常通过体重指数（BMI，即体重与身高的比值）以及腹部肥胖指数来评估。本文探讨了全球不同地区人群内部及地区之间的BMI与腰高比 （WHtR，即腰围与身高的比值）的关系，并进一步量化了这两个指标在高血压患者与非高血压人群之间的差异。 02 • 方法 本研究收集了1990至2023年间，全球八大地区20-64岁一般人群中关于BMI、WHtR与高血压 ...

Core Viewpoint - Tirzepatide is a drug that has gained attention in diabetes treatment and weight management, mimicking the action of the natural GLP-1 hormone to regulate blood sugar levels, promote insulin secretion, suppress appetite, and delay gastric emptying [4][10]. Mechanism of Action and Clinical Advantages - Tirzepatide activates GIP/GLP-1 receptors, promoting insulin secretion when blood sugar rises, reducing glucagon release, delaying gastric emptying, and suppressing appetite, making it advantageous for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity [6][7][8][9][10]. Main Indications - **Type 2 Diabetes Patients**: Suitable for adults with poorly controlled blood sugar despite diet and exercise, especially those who are overweight or obese, as 67.7% of diabetes patients in China are overweight/obese [11][12]. - **Obesity Patients**: Effective for adults with a BMI ≥28 kg/m² or ≥24 kg/m² with at least one weight-related comorbidity [13][20]. Contraindications and Precautions - Not suitable for type 1 diabetes patients, those with diabetic ketoacidosis, severe gastrointestinal diseases, history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and patients with hypersensitivity [14][15][16][17]. Patient Characteristics Suitable for Tirzepatide - **Weight Management Needs**: Patients with a BMI ≥28 kg/m² or ≥24 kg/m² with comorbidities [20]. - **Blood Sugar Control Needs**: Patients with poorly controlled blood sugar on other medications [21]. - **Simplified Treatment Needs**: Patients preferring less frequent dosing [22][23]. - **Low Hypoglycemia Risk**: Suitable for elderly patients and those in high-risk occupations [24][25]. Adverse Reactions and Management Strategies - Common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and injection site reactions [27][28]. Management strategies involve gradual dose escalation and dietary adjustments [30][31]. Combination Use with Other Medications - **With SGLT-2 Inhibitors**: Can improve blood sugar control and weight loss [33]. - **With Insulin**: Can reduce insulin dosage and mitigate weight gain associated with insulin [34][35]. Future Development Directions - **Oral Formulations**: Development of oral tirzepatide formulations to enhance patient options [36][37]. - **Applications in Specific Patient Populations**: Research on its use in obese patients with heart failure and obstructive sleep apnea [38][40]. - **Personalized Treatment**: Potential for genetic testing to identify suitable patients for tirzepatide [41][42]. Efficacy - Clinical studies show that tirzepatide can reduce HbA1c by an average of 2.37% and lead to an average weight loss of 10.3 kg in type 2 diabetes patients [43]. It is the first drug to achieve over 20% weight loss in obese patients in phase 3 trials [43]. Conclusion - Tirzepatide offers multiple metabolic benefits for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity, suitable for patients needing blood sugar and weight control, with attention to contraindications and personalized treatment [44].

以下文章来源于肥胖世界ObesityWorld ，作者欢迎订阅 肥胖世界ObesityWorld . 《肥胖世界》Obesity World - 同步传真肥胖及代谢国际新学术进展，为医学减重临床、教研人员搭建一座与国际接轨的桥梁，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 对于重度肥胖患者[定义为体重指数（BMI）≥35 kg/m2]而言，代谢减重手术是有效的干预措施之一，如Roux-en-Y胃旁路术、袖状胃切除术和 可调节胃束带术，但何种术式最优尚无确切答案。事实上，当前对比不同术式疗效的临床证据仍比较有限，因为在相关临床试验开展的过程 中，患者对不同类型减重手术的偏好、手术对生活质量的影响等因素会妨碍正常的随机分组，从而造成研究结果可能存在偏倚。近日，The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology发表By-Band-Sleeve研究结果，表明在减重效果、提高生活质量和减少合并症方面，Roux-en-Y胃旁路术、 袖状胃切除术优于可调节胃束带术。Roux-en-Y胃旁路术在减重效果方面又优于袖状胃切除术。 By-Band-Sleeve研究在英国12家医疗中心展开，针对重度肥胖患者，系统比较了Roux- ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent update by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) in Australia regarding the medication Tirzepatide, emphasizing the importance of safety guidelines for its use among women of childbearing age, particularly in relation to oral contraceptives [4][6]. Group 1: Medication Overview - Tirzepatide is a dual-target agonist for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), approved for treating type 2 diabetes (T2DM), long-term weight management, and metabolic-related diseases [4]. - It has rapidly become one of the fastest-growing innovative drugs globally in terms of prescription volume due to its significant efficacy in glucose reduction, weight loss, and metabolic improvement [4]. Group 2: Regulatory Changes - The TGA's update includes specific recommendations for women using Tirzepatide alongside oral contraceptives, advising the use of non-oral contraceptive methods or additional barrier methods during the first four weeks of treatment and after each dose increase [7]. - This update follows a systematic assessment by international regulatory bodies regarding the potential risks associated with the expanded use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly concerning reproductive safety and pregnancy risks [6][7]. Group 3: Global Regulatory Trends - The TGA's decision reflects a broader trend in regulatory practices as GLP-1 drugs transition from being viewed primarily as weight loss medications to long-term chronic disease management tools, indicating a shift towards more refined risk management [7]. - As the user population expands, regulatory requirements concerning reproductive safety and long-term medication effects are expected to tighten and become more detailed in various countries [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant advancement of Goli Pharma in the development of ASC37, a next-generation GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR tri-agonist peptide, which is set to enter clinical trials for obesity treatment in 2026, marking a key milestone in multi-target metabolic drug development [4][6]. Group 1: Drug Development and Characteristics - ASC37 has been developed using Goli's AI-assisted drug discovery platform and ultra-long-acting drug development platform, showing enhanced agonistic activity at GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR receptors, approximately 5 times, 4 times, and 4 times stronger than the leading candidate retatrutide, respectively [6]. - The drug's design allows for a significant extension of its apparent half-life, supporting monthly subcutaneous administration with a single injection volume of less than 1 mL, which is expected to improve patient compliance and reduce manufacturing costs [6][7]. - In non-human primate studies, ASC37 demonstrated an average apparent half-life of about 17 days, which is 7 times longer than that of retatrutide, indicating superior in vivo exposure maintenance capabilities [7]. Group 2: Therapeutic Applications and Combination Strategies - ASC37 is being developed for single-agent and combination therapies targeting obesity, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-related fatty liver disease (MASH), addressing high-burden chronic diseases [7]. - Goli plans to explore the synergistic effects of ASC37 in combination with another monthly subcutaneous amylin receptor agonist peptide, ASC36, aligning with the global trend of integrating multiple pathways in metabolic drug development [7]. Group 3: Technological Platforms and Industry Position - The AISBDD and ULAP platforms are foundational to Goli's continuous output of peptide pipelines, allowing for the design of various release rates for subcutaneous depot peptides, achieving a better balance between efficacy, safety, and patient experience [8]. - The advancement of ASC37 reflects the shift of Chinese innovative pharmaceutical companies from imitation to competitive participation in global markets, particularly in drug frequency, pharmacokinetics, and system engineering [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of "fat memory," highlighting that the body retains cellular changes from obesity even after significant weight loss, making it easier to regain weight [8][12][18]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology analyzed fat tissue from successful weight loss participants, revealing that transcriptional changes induced by obesity persist even two years post-weight loss [8][9]. - In mouse experiments, previously obese mice showed a heightened ability to absorb sugars and fats, leading to faster weight regain when reintroduced to a high-fat diet compared to never-obese mice [19][20]. - The study found that 57-62% of downregulated and 68-75% of upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) post-weight loss could be explained by epigenetic mechanisms [18]. Group 2: Implications of "Fat Memory" - The presence of "fat memory" suggests that individuals who have been obese may face increased difficulty in maintaining weight loss, as their bodies are predisposed to regain weight more rapidly [20][21]. - The research indicates that the duration of obesity and the time taken to lose weight significantly influence the persistence of fat memory, with longer obesity periods leading to more pronounced effects [16][18].