2025.05. 26 本文字数：2751，阅读时长大约4.5分钟 作者 | 第一财经 陈君君 今年以来，国内存款利率持续走低，多家银行1年期定期存款利率日前跌破1%，传统储蓄吸引力减 弱。与此同时，银行股的"类固收"属性凸显，截至5月23日，42家A股上市银行中，超七成近12个月 股息率超4%，部分银行股息率突破8%，远超存款及国债收益。 板块行情分化，区域银行占上风 这种收益差距引发"替代效应"，推动银行股表现强劲，年初以来涨幅达7.66%。险资和公募基金纷纷 加仓银行股，持仓比例显著提升。进一步来看，银行板块内部走势分化，区域银行表现更为突出。业 内人士认为，短期内高股息策略将继续推动银行股上涨，而中长期来看，息差水平和资产质量是关 键。 银行股的存款"替代效应"凸显 自2025年起，国内存款利率持续走低，各大商业银行纷纷开启"降息潮"。目前，1年期定期存款利率 最低已跌破1%，达到历史最新低点。在传统储蓄收益吸引力不断减弱的形势下，"存银行不如买银行 股"的讨论再度升温。 根据Wind数据，截至5月23日收盘，在42家A股上市银行中，有31家银行的近12个月股息率超过了 4%。其中，平安银行、民生银行 ...

本周聚焦—多家银行下调存款挂牌利率 证券研究报告 | 行业周报 gszqdatemark 2025 05 25 年 月 日 一、多家银行下调存款挂牌利率 银行 2025 年 5 月 20 日，1 年期、5 年期 LPR 分别下调 10bps，同日国有大行 同步下调存款挂牌利率，其中活期存款利率下调 5bps，三个月/六个月/一 年/二年存款利率下调 15bps，三年/五年存款利率下调 25bps，随后股份 行及部分城农商行也陆续跟进下调存款利率，截止 5 月 24 日，上市银行 中下调存款利率的银行数量已过半。 伴随近年来存款利率市场化机制推进以及存款规范力度加大，存款成本进 入下降通道。以招商银行披露的存款平均成本率季度变化来看，今年一季 度存款成本率大幅下降 25bps 至 1.29%，招商银行存款成本率自 2024 年 二季度以来环比开始出现改善，而今年一季度存款成本改善力度进一步加 大。这与我们此前发布的《2025 年负债成本改善力度有望加大》报告的观 点一致，背后原因在于，长期限存款经过挂牌利率多次下调后再重新定价， 成本节约效果更为明显。 1）存量存款成本改善空间仍较大：我们将上市银行的人民币存款 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent adjustments in the Chinese banking wealth management market are primarily driven by the People's Bank of China's interest rate cuts, leading to a decline in market interest rates and subsequently affecting the performance benchmarks of various wealth management products [1][4]. Group 1: Market Impact - Since May, over a hundred wealth management products have announced reductions in their performance benchmarks, with some products' yield limits dropping below 2%, nearing the rates of fixed-term deposits [1][6]. - The decline in expected returns has prompted investors to reconsider their asset allocations, with conservative investors likely shifting towards cash management products or fixed-term deposits, while those with a higher risk appetite may focus more on "fixed income plus" products [2][4]. Group 2: Product Adjustments - Major wealth management firms, including Ping An Wealth Management and Bank of China Wealth Management, have adjusted their performance benchmarks in response to the declining policy interest rates, which have led to lower yields on underlying assets [3][5]. - The average performance benchmark for newly issued wealth management products in April 2025 was reported at 2.12%, reflecting a month-on-month decrease of 0.02 percentage points [7]. Group 3: Regulatory Environment - Regulatory bodies have been reinforcing the disclosure requirements for performance benchmarks of wealth management products, ensuring they accurately reflect market conditions and the risk-return characteristics of the products [4][5]. - The adjustments in performance benchmarks are aligned with regulatory expectations, aiming to provide a more transparent reference for investors regarding the expected returns of wealth management products [4][5]. Group 4: Future Trends - The low interest rate environment may lead to a reallocation of funds back to the deposit market, as many wealth management products' yields approach those of fixed-term deposits [6][10]. - Wealth management firms are encouraged to enhance their product offerings, particularly in "fixed income plus" products, to balance risk and return while adapting to the changing market landscape [11][12].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the rapid development and commercialization of China's private space launch industry, emphasizing the role of Minsheng Bank in supporting these companies through tailored financial services and strategic partnerships [1][2][3]. Group 1: Industry Developments - On May 21, the Kuaizhou-1A rocket successfully launched six satellites, marking a significant milestone as it becomes the only Chinese commercial rocket capable of launching over six tons [1]. - The Tianqi constellation's first phase was completed with the successful launch of four satellites by Xinghe Power on May 19, indicating a major step towards global connectivity [1]. - Blue Arrow Aerospace's Zhuque-2 rocket achieved a significant milestone in the liquid oxygen-methane sector by successfully launching six satellites [1]. - Six private rocket companies in China have successfully launched orbital rockets, collectively referred to as the "six arrows" of China's private space sector [1]. Group 2: Minsheng Bank's Role - Minsheng Bank has proactively supported five of the six private rocket companies, providing not only credit but also comprehensive service packages tailored to the needs of enterprises and their employees [1][2]. - The bank has established 17 technology finance branches and six specialized institutions to cover high-tech industries and technology parks in Beijing [2]. - Minsheng Bank has shifted its credit approval process from traditional financial metrics to a more holistic view that includes talent, technology, and market potential [2][3]. Group 3: Financial Services and Support - Minsheng Bank has developed the "Minsheng Easy Innovation" service matrix, offering a one-stop solution that combines commercial banking and investment banking services [4]. - The bank plays a proactive role in equity financing for private rocket companies, leveraging its network to connect them with venture capital and private equity firms [4]. - Minsheng Bank provides high-level services to executives of technology companies, including wealth management and exclusive benefits [4]. Group 4: Comprehensive Ecosystem Support - Minsheng Bank has expanded its financial services to cover the entire commercial space industry chain, from upstream suppliers to downstream satellite manufacturing [5]. - The bank's "Minsheng E-Chain" product series offers customized financing solutions based on transaction data and supply chain dynamics, enhancing financial service efficiency [5]. - The bank aims to transform data assets of technology companies into financial assets, providing more precise and effective financial services [5].

Core Viewpoint - The competition in the credit card cash installment business has intensified, with banks offering significant interest rate discounts, leading to annualized rates dropping below 3% for some products [1][3]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Following the regulatory crackdown on consumer loans, which set a minimum annualized interest rate of 3%, banks have turned to credit card cash installment services, which are not yet subject to the same restrictions [2]. - Major banks such as China Merchants Bank, Bank of China, and others have launched promotional activities, with some rates as low as 2.76% for 12-month installments [3][4]. - The cash installment service allows cardholders to convert their credit limits into cash, which can be repaid in installments along with fees [3]. Group 2: Strategic Implications - The current interest rate discounts are seen as a strategy to attract customers and expand retail loan volumes while managing credit risk through strict customer eligibility criteria [5]. - The credit card business is undergoing a strategic transformation, focusing on enhancing the value of existing customers and increasing the penetration of installment services [5]. - The low-interest strategy may stimulate short-term growth, but there are concerns about the potential accumulation of risks due to aggressive pricing [5][6]. Group 3: Industry Challenges - The credit card industry is moving away from rapid expansion, with several banks closing credit card branches and adjusting their operational strategies [7]. - The industry faces challenges such as difficulty in acquiring new users and pressure on product offerings, which test the strategic resilience of banks [7]. - Data indicates that among 14 listed banks reporting credit card non-performing loan rates for 2024, most have seen an increase, highlighting the pressure on retail banking [7].

继国有大行之后，多家股份制银行跟进下调了存款利率。5月21日，贝壳财经记者统计，目前已有10家股份制银行 调降了银行存款挂牌利率。 多家股份制银行跟随降低存款利率 招商银行1年定期跟调破1 5月21日，贝壳财经记者统计，已有10家股份制银行已经或即将降低存款挂牌利率。其中，1年、2年定期存款的挂 牌利率普遍下调15个基点，3年、5年定期存款的挂牌利率则均下调了25个基点。 此次调整中，招商银行的存款挂牌利率与国有银行保持同步。调整后，该行1年定期存款挂牌利率降至0.95%，首 次跌破1%。2年、3年5年定期存款利率分别降至1.05%、1.25%和1.30%，是股份制银行存款挂牌利率最低的银 行。 其余9家银行1年定期存款挂牌利率均下调至1.15%。2年、3年、5年定期存款挂牌利率下调后则不尽相同。以3年 定期存款为例，平安银行、兴业银行、光大银行、浦发银行、民生银行、广发银行、华夏银行均将挂牌利率降至 1.30%，中信银行调整后为1.25%，浙商银行（601916）则为1.55%。 上海金融与发展实验室副主任董希淼表示，不同的商业银行由于市场竞争、客户定位、负债结构等因素有所不 同，因此调整存款利率的节奏、幅 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent reduction in deposit rates by multiple banks, including state-owned and joint-stock banks, aligns with market expectations and aims to stabilize net interest margins while supporting the real economy [1][5][6]. Group 1: Deposit Rate Adjustments - Nine out of twelve joint-stock banks have announced reductions in deposit rates, with significant cuts in medium to long-term deposit rates, particularly a 25 basis points (BP) decrease for 3-year and 5-year fixed deposits [1][2][3]. - Specific banks like Ping An Bank and Minsheng Bank have adjusted their deposit rates, with Ping An Bank's rates for various terms now at 0.70%, 0.95%, 1.15%, 1.20%, and 1.30%, reflecting reductions of 15 BP for most terms and 25 BP for longer terms [2][3]. - The speed of these adjustments is seen as necessary for banks to manage their liabilities effectively and maintain competitiveness in the current economic environment [5][6]. Group 2: Market Reactions and Expectations - Investors have anticipated the decline in deposit rates, with no significant rush to lock in rates observed at bank branches, indicating a broader acceptance of a long-term downward trend in deposit rates [3][5]. - Experts believe that the synchronized reduction in deposit rates by banks is crucial for reducing financing costs for the real economy and stabilizing net interest margins [5][6]. Group 3: Implications for Banking Sector - The current trend of deposit rate reductions is expected to create more room for lowering financing costs in the future, which is essential for improving banks' profitability and sustainability in serving the real economy [6][7]. - The recent adjustments have seen deposit rate cuts that exceed the reductions in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR), indicating a strategic move by banks to manage their interest expenses more effectively [6][7].

5月20日，中国人民银行授权全国银行间同业拆借中心公布，5月贷款市场报价利率（LPR）报价出炉： 5年期以上LPR为3.5%，1年期LPR为3%，均较前期下降10个基点。 同日，国有六大行、招商银行宣布即日起下调存款挂牌利率，最大降幅25个基点。5月21日，多家股份 行跟进下调存款挂牌利率。 继国有六大行之后， 9家股份制银行也跟进下调存款利率 。 5月21日，兴业银行、中信银行、浦发银行、平安银行、民生银行、华夏银行、广发银行7家股份行均宣 布，自5月21日执行新的存款挂牌利率。5月20日，招商银行、光大银行已执行下调后的存款挂牌利率。 9家股份行均 对定期整存整取3个月、6个月、1年期、2年期存款挂牌利率下调15个基点，对3年期、5年 期存款挂牌利率下调25个基点。 招商银行整存整取1年期、2年期、3年期、5年期存款挂牌利率分别下调至0.95%、1.05%、1.25%、 1.30%。其余8家股份行整存整取1年期、2年期、3年期、5年期挂牌利率降至1.15%、1.2%（民生银行为 1.15%）、1.30%、1.35%。 | 银行 | | 3个月定期整存整取 | | 6个月定期整存整取 | | 1年期定期整存 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that several banks in China have announced a reduction in RMB deposit rates, following a trend initiated by major state-owned banks, which is linked to the recent decrease in the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) [1][4][5] Group 2 - On May 20, six state-owned banks and several others, including China Merchants Bank and China Everbright Bank, announced a reduction in RMB deposit rates, with the adjustment range being 5 to 25 basis points [1] - Following this, on May 21, seven additional banks, including Ping An Bank and CITIC Bank, also announced similar reductions, with the new rates for demand deposits set at 0.05% and various fixed-term deposit rates adjusted accordingly [1][2] - The new fixed-term deposit rates for three months, six months, one year, two years, three years, and five years are 0.7%, 0.95%, 1.15%, 1.20%, 1.30%, and 1.35% respectively [1] - The recent LPR adjustments include a decrease in the 5-year LPR to 3.5% and the 1-year LPR to 3%, both down by 0.1% from the previous month [4] - The reduction in deposit rates is expected to lead to an overall decrease in deposit rates by approximately 0.11 to 0.13 percentage points, which may help stabilize banks' net interest margins [4][5] - As of the first quarter of 2025, the net interest margin for commercial banks was reported at 1.43%, a decrease of 0.09 percentage points, marking a historical low [5]

Core Viewpoint - The recent reduction in deposit rates by nine joint-stock banks follows the earlier actions of the six major state-owned banks, indicating a broader trend in the banking sector to lower interest rates in response to the People's Bank of China's (PBOC) adjustments to the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) [1][3][6] Group 1: Deposit Rate Adjustments - On May 21, seven joint-stock banks announced a reduction in their deposit rates, with a decrease of 15 basis points for 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year fixed deposits, and a reduction of 25 basis points for 3-year and 5-year fixed deposits [1][2] - Specific rates for China Merchants Bank were adjusted to 0.95% for 1-year, 1.05% for 2-year, 1.25% for 3-year, and 1.30% for 5-year deposits, while other banks set their rates at 1.15%, 1.20%, 1.30%, and 1.35% respectively for similar terms [1][2] Group 2: LPR and Monetary Policy - The PBOC announced a decrease in the LPR, with the 1-year LPR at 3% and the 5-year LPR at 3.5%, both down by 10 basis points [3] - Analysts suggest that the PBOC is establishing a transmission mechanism from policy rates to LPR and deposit rates, indicating a coordinated approach to monetary policy [3][4] Group 3: Market Implications - The reduction in deposit rates is expected to enhance the attractiveness of bond assets by lowering the yield advantage of loan assets, thereby improving the configuration value of bonds [3][4] - The larger reduction in deposit rates compared to LPR is seen as a measure to protect bank interest margins while encouraging credit growth [6]