2026.01. 08 本文字数：2566，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财经 缪琦 2026年的第一个工作日，上海就召开了全市优化营商环境大会，并出台《上海市加快打造国际一流 营商环境行动方案（2026年）》。 在1月8日举行的新闻发布会上，上海市政府副秘书长、市发展改革委主任顾军提出，连续第九年召 开的大会在今年略有不同，"以往是新春第一会，今年是新年第一会"。这也成为上海将优化营商环 境摆在高质量发展突出位置的体现。 在此前1.0版到8.0版迭代升级的基础上，《上海市加快打造国际一流营商环境行动方案（2026 年）》（下称"行动方案"）进一步强化营商环境的顶层设计，聚焦加快建设国际一流营商环境的目 标，整体推进政务服务环境、市场竞争环境、产业生态环境、社会共治环境优化。 回应整治"内卷式"竞争等新问题 顾军介绍，行动方案具体围绕四大环境优化共安排26条任务举措，不仅回应新需求，还聚焦关切 点，并强化支撑力。 "上海已经连续九年发布优化营商环境行动方案，每年的改革举措都紧扣企业的阶段性需求。"他解 释说，随着近年来网络平台、二次元文娱等新经济新业态的快速发展，对行业的监管和服务提出了新 的要求。今年的 ...

余胜海/文 2026年，"十五五"规划大幕拉开，经济高质量转型迈入深水区。一边是超长期特别国债持续加码释放的政策活水，一边是AI技术重构产业生态的浪潮，消费 市场也早已从"追风口、逐热点"转向"重品质、看内核"。多重变量交织下，中小企业的日子过得并不轻松：融资难像块压在胸口的石头，合规要求升级让人 提心吊胆，巨头挤压下订单难拿，劳动力短缺更是常年困扰。有数据为证，2025年中小企业存活率仅62%，也就是说每10家企业里，就有近4家熬不过一 年。其实面对复杂形势，中小企业不用盲目跟风扩张，更该沉下心打磨核心能力，从政策借势、产品扎根、数字提效、融资抗险四个维度精准发力，就能在 风浪中站稳脚跟，实现可持续发展。 一、借势而为：精准承接政策红利，降低经营成本 2026年国家超长期特别国债规模持续扩容，截至2025年底已发行1.3万亿元，较2024年多增3000亿元，这股国家级资金"活水"正精准流向实体经济。但很多 中小企业老板都有同感：政策红利从来不会"自动落袋"，盲目申报只会白费功夫、空耗精力。青岛雪达集团技术质量部长张洪宾就曾吃过信息滞后的 亏，"以前快到申报截止日期才看到政策，只能手忙脚乱补材料，甚至有政策过 ...

中共陕西省委关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议发布，其中提到，充分激发各类经 营主体活力。坚持和落实"两个毫不动摇"。以增强核心功能、提升核心竞争力为导向深化国资 国企改 革，聚焦主责主业做强做优做大国有企业和国有资本。推进国有经济布局优化和 结构调整，加快文 化、金融等领域国有企业战略性重组和专业化整合。优化国有资本投资、运营公司管理架构，进一步盘 活存量、优化增量、提升质量。落实民营经济促进法，保障平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、有 效保护合法权益，发展壮大民营经济。支持中小企业和个体工商户发展，推动大中小企业协同融通发 展。健全防范化解拖欠中小企业账款长效机制。强化产权执法司法保护。完善中国特色现代企业制度， 弘扬企业家精神，加快建设世界一流企业。 ...

Overall Overview - The number and quality of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China have significantly improved, with 63.487 million registered SMEs as of September 2025, contributing over 60% of GDP, 70% of technological innovation, and 80% of urban employment [13][14][16] - The average annual growth rates for the value added, operating income, and total profit of large-scale SMEs during the 14th Five-Year Plan period are 6.4%, 7.4%, and 5.4%, respectively, all exceeding those of large enterprises [13][14] Structural Distribution Regional Distribution - SMEs in eastern China account for 54.2% of the total, with Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Henan provinces collectively representing 40.9% [24][26] Industry Distribution - The wholesale and retail industry has the highest concentration of SMEs, accounting for over 30%, followed by leasing and business services, and scientific research and technical services, each exceeding 10% [27] Development Status Sustained Growth - In the first eight months of 2025, the value added of large-scale industrial SMEs increased by 7.6% year-on-year, with a continuous expansion of export indices for 17 months [2][36] Innovation Capacity - Over 178,000 SMEs hold patents, with a 55.1% industrialization rate for invention patents in 2024, and 35,000 new enterprises in artificial intelligence-related fields [2][17] Market Competitiveness - SMEs accounted for 99.3% of project-winning enterprises in 2024, with over 5,780 financing events totaling approximately 750.8 billion yuan, marking a 7.3% and 13.1% increase from 2023 [19][20] Employment Contribution - 71.8% of surveyed university students consider employment in SMEs, highlighting their role as a significant employment channel [20] Future Outlook - Continuous optimization of the business environment, enhanced cultivation systems, and deep integration of digital technologies will provide more opportunities for SMEs, contributing to economic and social development [2][36]

Core Insights - The National Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Work Symposium recently held in Chongqing summarized the progress of SMEs during the 14th Five-Year Plan and outlined key tasks for the next phase, emphasizing the need for high-quality planning for the 15th Five-Year Plan and the introduction of various supportive policies [1][2] Group 1: Current Development and Achievements - Since the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the national SME system has actively promoted a favorable environment for enterprises, policy support, innovation, services, talent development, and legal protection, enhancing the reputation of specialized and innovative SMEs [1] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology reported that over 600,000 technology and innovation-oriented SMEs have been cultivated, with more than 140,000 specialized and innovative SMEs and over 17,600 national-level "Little Giant" enterprises, which account for 3.5% of the total number of industrial SMEs but contribute 9.6% of revenue and 13.7% of profits [1] Group 2: Future Development Plans - The meeting proposed optimizing the development environment for SMEs, high-quality planning for the 15th Five-Year Plan, and timely introduction of various supportive policies [1] - There is a focus on improving the tiered cultivation system for quality SMEs, deepening actions to enhance specialized and innovative capabilities, and accelerating the formulation of mechanisms and policies to support the growth of specialized and innovative SMEs [1] - The meeting also emphasized the need to establish a public service system for SMEs, create demonstration platforms, enhance the capabilities of the China SME Service Network, and strengthen services in innovation, talent, and financing while protecting the legal rights of SMEs [2] - Additionally, promoting international cooperation and facilitating SMEs' integration into global supply chains is highlighted as a key area for enhancing international competitiveness [2]

Group 1 - The total government procurement scale for 2024 is projected to be 33,750.43 billion yuan, with goods, engineering, and services accounting for 7,944.68 billion yuan, 13,839.64 billion yuan, and 11,966.12 billion yuan respectively, representing 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement [1] - The procurement organization forms include centralized procurement by the government at 7,664.14 billion yuan (22.71%), departmental centralized procurement at 1,648.46 billion yuan (4.88%), and decentralized procurement at 24,437.84 billion yuan (72.41%) [1] - The procurement methods show that public bidding accounts for 76.63% of the total procurement, while other methods like competitive negotiation and single-source procurement account for 11.52% and 3.26% respectively [1] Group 2 - In 2024, mandatory and prioritized procurement for energy-saving and water-saving products is set at 337.23 billion yuan, which constitutes 92.48% of the procurement scale for similar products [2] - The total contract amount awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through government procurement is 24,230.91 billion yuan, with 15,310.35 billion yuan awarded to micro-enterprises, making up 63.19% of the total SME contract amount [2] - Over 100 billion yuan has been spent on purchasing agricultural products from poverty-stricken areas through online sales platforms, effectively increasing the income of farmers and promoting rural industry development [2]

Core Points - The Minister of Women Affairs, Community and Small Enterprises Development of Zimbabwe, Monica Mutsvangwa, highlighted that China's vast consumer market and rich development experience provide support for the growth of Zimbabwe's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) [1] - The Zimbabwe International Small Enterprises Expo opened in Harare, showcasing the commitment of Zimbabwean SMEs to expand into the Chinese market [1][2] - Mutsvangwa noted that many Zimbabwean cultural products, such as stone and wood carvings, are well-received in the Chinese market, indicating a growing demand for these unique items [1] - The Minister emphasized the importance of learning from China's SME development experience, particularly in the field of e-commerce, where Zimbabwean SMEs are beginning to engage [1] - Mutsvangwa called for increased investment from Chinese investors in Zimbabwe's SMEs [1] Industry Insights - According to the Zimbabwean government data, SMEs contribute over 60% to the country's economy, making them a crucial pillar for economic growth [2] - The annual Zimbabwe International Small Enterprises Expo serves as an important platform for promoting cooperation and exchange among the country's SMEs [2]

Core Insights - The total government procurement scale in China for 2024 is projected to exceed 33,750.43 billion RMB [1][2] Procurement Breakdown - The procurement scale for goods, engineering, and services is 7,944.68 billion RMB, 13,839.64 billion RMB, and 11,966.12 billion RMB respectively, accounting for 23.54%, 41.01%, and 35.45% of the total procurement [1] - Government centralized procurement, departmental centralized procurement, and decentralized procurement are 7,664.14 billion RMB, 1,648.46 billion RMB, and 24,437.84 billion RMB respectively, representing 22.71%, 4.88%, and 72.41% of the total procurement [1] Procurement Methods - The distribution of procurement methods includes public bidding (76.63%), invitation bidding (0.62%), competitive negotiation (2.67%), competitive consultation (11.52%), single-source procurement (3.26%), inquiry (0.43%), and framework agreement procurement (4.87%) [1] Support for Industry Development - The government procurement policy aims to promote industrial development, with mandatory procurement of energy-saving and water-saving products at 337.23 billion RMB, which is 92.48% of the procurement scale for similar products [1] - Priority procurement of environmentally friendly products amounts to 795.47 billion RMB, accounting for 87.98% of the procurement scale for similar products [1] Support for SMEs and Rural Development - Contracts awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) total 24,230.91 billion RMB, making up 71.79% of the total government procurement scale, with small enterprises receiving 15,310.35 billion RMB, or 63.19% of the total SME contracts [2] - Over 100 billion RMB has been spent on purchasing agricultural products from impoverished areas through online sales platforms, effectively increasing income for poor farmers and promoting rural industry development [2]

Core Insights - As of September 2025, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China is projected to reach 63.487 million, indicating stable growth and breakthroughs in high-quality development [1][2] - SMEs play a crucial role in stabilizing economic growth and supporting social development [1] Quantitative Aspects - Among the 63.487 million SMEs, 98.2% are privately owned, and 98.1% are classified as micro-enterprises [1] - In the first nine months, nearly 6 million new SMEs were established [1] - The top five provinces by SME count are Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Henan, aligning with their GDP rankings [1] - The leading industries for SMEs include wholesale and retail, rental and business services, scientific research and technical services, manufacturing, and construction, collectively accounting for 76.5% [1] Qualitative Aspects - A total of 14,600 "little giant" enterprises have been cultivated, with over 140,000 specialized and innovative SMEs and more than 600,000 technology and innovation-driven SMEs [1] - As of September 2025, over 1.78 million SMEs hold patents, and more than 1.23 million have software copyrights [2] - In 2024, "little giant" enterprises are expected to have an average R&D investment accounting for 7% of their revenue, with an average of 22 authorized invention patents, reflecting a 30% year-on-year increase [2]

Core Points - The South African government has officially launched a Youth Fund totaling 2.5 billion Rand (approximately 135 million USD) to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and address the high youth unemployment rate [1] Group 1: Fund Objectives and Structure - The Youth Fund aims to help young people overcome barriers related to financing, skills, and market access, thereby alleviating structural unemployment and addressing historical inequalities [1] - The fund encourages private sector investment in townships and rural areas to create jobs and revitalize local economies [1] - The funding model has shifted from small grants to a combination of loans and equity investments, with individual project funding ranging from 750,000 to 2 million Rand (approximately 43,200 to 115,300 USD) based on the needs and growth potential of the enterprises [1] Group 2: Unemployment Statistics - According to the South African Statistics Bureau, the unemployment rate for individuals aged 25 to 34 was 40.5% in the second quarter of 2025 [1] - The fund will focus on supporting SMEs with high growth potential to create more sustainable job opportunities for the youth [1]