中心与边缘的界限在消失 日前，在中国证券报主办的"开放 融合 新机——2025海外投资发展大会"上，外交学院前院长、中国国 际关系学会副会长王帆发表主题演讲称，当今世界百年未有之大变局正加速演进，并与国际格局转型过 渡期相叠加，新兴市场和发展中国家综合实力不断上升，世界多极化趋势增强。科技之争或成为未来国 际关系发生颠覆性变化的关键变量因素。 王帆认为，发展中国家曾被视作发达国家的"依附品"，但在百年变局之下可以看到，情况正在发生改 变。全球经济增长稍显乏力的情况下，一些发展中国家正在大步向前迈进。 ● 本报记者 张韵 在这个转型期，有一个特点是"突变"。触发突变的临界点，就在于颠覆性科技的爆发与应用。在这个转 型期，科技很可能是导致国际关系发生颠覆性变化的最重要因素。尤其是新兴前沿科技，包括人工智 能、生物技术、量子通信等，这些技术的变化，有可能使某些国家最终实现弯道超车。 新一轮科技革命，尤其是人工智能主导的科技革命，一方面可能带来经济的飞速变化，另一方面对传统 的经济结构也可能会带来影响。每个国家在新一轮科技革命中都将面临经济结构的转型和调整，科技革 命还可能导致发展鸿沟。 未来或出现多极化体系 展望未 ...

12月23日，俄罗斯驻华大使伊戈尔·莫尔古洛夫到访中国人民大学，并做客重阳金融研究院区域国别论 坛"大使讲坛"，发表题为"2025年中俄关系回顾"的主题演讲。 尊敬的郑新业副校长、尊敬的王文院长、亲爱的朋友们！ 伊戈尔·莫尔古洛夫大使做客中国人民大学重阳金融研究院区域国别论坛"大使讲坛" 伊戈尔·莫尔古洛夫： 很高兴来到中国人民大学——中华人民共和国在人文社会科学领域的顶尖高校之一。我将从俄中双边关 系的几个维度展开我的发言。 过去一年，俄中关系的核心主题是共同纪念和庆祝伟大的苏联卫国战争胜利80周年、中国人民抗日战争 暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。在那段艰苦卓绝的岁月里，苏联人民和中国人民并肩作战，英勇抗击 侵略者，以巨大的牺牲赢得了最终的伟大胜利。 01 "前事不忘 后事之师" 正如俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京精辟指出："那时我们站在一起，现在也站在一起。"的确，两国人民 在第二次世界大战中锤炼出的战斗情谊和互助传统，为当代俄中全面战略协作伙伴关系奠定了坚实基 础。特别值得一提的是，苏联是第一个在抗日战争中向中国伸出援助之手的国家：1937年至1941年间， 苏联援华航空志愿队与中国军民并肩作战；1945 ...

海内外嘉宾齐聚广州共探贸易冲突下的经济破局之道 中新网广州12月3日电 (记者 蔡敏婕)"贸易和关税在过去几十年推动世界经济快速增长，但当前的冲突 正给全球带来深刻冲击。"正在广州举行的"2025从都国际论坛"上，西班牙前驻华大使、世界领袖联盟 顾问拉法尔·德斯卡亚的开场白，点燃了全场的讨论热情。 在12月3日举行的大会讨论环节，海内外政商界人士围绕"贸易与关税冲突下的世界经济发展走势"这一 主题各抒己见。 意大利前总理罗马诺·普罗迪提出，当前全球贸易领域的纷争本质上并非经济冲突，而是政治摩擦的延 伸。这种反全球化的倾向正在改变全球化进程，甚至阻碍自由贸易的发展。他表示，中美作为全球最大 的两个经济体，各自面临经济结构调整的挑战，欧洲则需要建立独立、统一的决策机制。 "贸易不仅是经济手段，更是文明交流的桥梁。中国将继续坚定拥抱自由贸易，同时推动经济发展的普 惠性，让更多民众共享发展成果。"南京大学国际关系学院院长朱锋强调，没有任何国家能够脱离全球 贸易体系独善其身，公平对等的贸易合作仍是共同选择，"中美作为全球两大经济体，脱钩对双方都没 有好处，元首外交的持续推进有望为贸易合作创造更好环境。" 在探讨区域发展 ...

Group 1 - The core theme of the G20 summit is "unity, equality, and sustainability," with a strong emphasis on unity as a key to overcoming global economic challenges [1][2] - The G20 should actively seek common ground while respecting differences among member countries to foster cooperation and resolve conflicts [2][3] - The need for reform in global governance systems is highlighted, with a call for the G20 to lead in promoting multilateralism and enhancing the voice of developing countries [2][3] Group 2 - The G20 is urged to strengthen ecological and environmental cooperation to address climate change and achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement [3][4] - There is a focus on promoting green energy cooperation to ensure equitable development and support countries in their energy transitions [4][5] - The G20 should enhance food security cooperation to stabilize global food supply chains and support countries facing food shortages [5][6] Group 3 - The importance of leveraging new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, to bridge development gaps and ensure equitable access to opportunities is emphasized [5][6] - Cooperation on critical minerals is essential for sustainable supply and global resource security, with a call for responsible management of these resources [6] - The G20 is encouraged to empower developing countries, particularly in Africa, through capacity building and technological support to create job opportunities [6][7]

Group 1 - The theme of the G20 summit is "Unity, Equality, and Sustainability," with a strong emphasis on "Unity" as a key to overcoming global challenges [2] - The G20 was established in response to the Asian financial crisis in 1999 and has evolved to address various global economic issues, highlighting the importance of cooperation among diverse member states [2][3] - Current global challenges include unilateralism and protectionism, which threaten international cooperation and require the G20 to seek solutions to restore unity [2][3] Group 2 - The G20 should promote free trade and an open world economy to facilitate mutual benefits among nations, with China announcing initiatives to support industrialization in Africa and alleviate debt in developing countries [3][4] - Addressing climate change and ecological issues is crucial, with the G20 urged to enhance cooperation in environmental protection and achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement [4][5] - The G20 is called to strengthen global food security and ensure stable supply chains, particularly for countries facing hunger, by optimizing food distribution and enhancing agricultural cooperation [5][6] Group 3 - The rapid advancement of technology presents both opportunities and challenges, necessitating equitable access to development and the benefits of innovation for all nations [6][7] - The G20 should facilitate cooperation in artificial intelligence and critical minerals to ensure sustainable supply and resource security, while also addressing potential security risks [6][7] - Empowering developing countries, particularly in Africa, through capacity building and technological support is essential for inclusive global development [7][8]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need to understand the complex changes in the development environment and the profound impact of international relations, especially major power dynamics, on China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Group 2 - The first aspect highlights the opportunities and challenges brought by the accelerated evolution of the world situation, including China's increasing international influence and the ongoing trend of economic globalization, despite facing external risks such as geopolitical conflicts and rising protectionism [2] Group 3 - The second aspect outlines China's development advantages, including the unique advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics, a vast market, a complete industrial system, and abundant talent resources, which provide strong support for high-quality development [3] Group 4 - The third aspect addresses the contradictions and issues facing China's development, such as unbalanced and insufficient development, inadequate effective demand, and challenges in modernizing agriculture and rural areas, which require new strategies and solutions during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [3] Group 5 - The conclusion emphasizes the importance of maintaining strategic determination and confidence, adapting to changes, and facing challenges head-on to continue the rapid economic development and long-term social stability of China [4]

Core Insights - The current global governance system must transition from a club dominated by a few countries to an effective platform that accommodates and responds to the demands of the "Global South" [1][5] - The systemic dilemma facing global governance is characterized by structural lag, insufficient representation, and weak execution, which are interrelated issues [3][4] - China plays a crucial role in promoting the integration of the Global South and can actively push for reforms in voting rights within international financial institutions [1][5] Global Governance Challenges - The governance system is experiencing a structural lag that fails to address new issues such as digital trade and climate change, leading to outdated rules [3][4] - There is a significant mismatch between the economic power of emerging markets and developing countries and their voting rights in major international financial institutions, resulting in a "representation deficit" [3][4] - Weak execution of global agreements occurs when major powers have conflicting interests, leading to decision paralysis and selective implementation [4] China's Role in Global Governance - China can act as a constructive leader, consensus builder, and reform practitioner in international economic governance [5][6] - The country aims to enhance the representation and decision-making power of the Global South in key institutions like the IMF and World Bank [5][6] - China's initiatives, such as the Global Development Initiative, address pressing challenges faced by developing countries and provide practical pathways for implementing the UN 2030 Agenda [6] Trade Dynamics - The global trade system is at a historical crossroads, facing challenges from rising unilateralism and protectionism, as well as opportunities from digital technology and green transformation [7][8] - China’s commitment to high-level opening up is both a strategic choice for its economic development and a stabilizing force for the multilateral trade system [9][10] - The recent signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade agreement signifies a new phase of high-quality economic relations, focusing on digital and green economies [12][13]

Core Insights - The global governance initiative proposed by China is seen as a significant step towards establishing a more equitable and balanced international system [1][2] - Emerging economies such as China, India, Brazil, and Turkey are now the core drivers of global growth, yet they still have limited representation in major international organizations [1] - There is a need for reforms in the global governance system to better address global challenges and balance the interests of developed and developing countries [1][2] Group 1 - The global governance initiative is closely linked to the Belt and Road Initiative, which provides the necessary infrastructure for connectivity, while the governance initiative establishes a framework for mutually beneficial relationships [1] - The post-World War II global governance structure must adapt to the current multipolar reality, and reforming this system is crucial for rebuilding confidence in multilateralism [2] - A more representative and responsive global governance system will enhance international cooperation and improve the ability to address urgent issues such as climate change, terrorism, and global health security [2] Group 2 - Recent protectionist measures by the United States have significant impacts on countries with close trade ties, potentially forcing them to reduce production or shift exports to other markets [2] - The ongoing changes in U.S. tariff policies create substantial uncertainty for producers, exporters, importers, and investors, undermining trust in institutions like the World Trade Organization [2] - Strengthening cooperation and reducing uncertainty in international trade are essential for ensuring sustainable global growth [2]

Core Viewpoint - Russia supports the reform of the global governance system and aims to assist China and other countries in refining and implementing global governance initiatives [1] Group 1: Global Governance Initiatives - The global governance initiative proposed by China during the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit in Tianjin is seen as a way to change the dominance of Western mechanisms in global governance [1] - Russia's Foreign Minister Lavrov criticized the U.S. for obstructing the International Monetary Fund from increasing the representation of Global South countries [1] - Lavrov highlighted the misuse of multilateral mechanisms by the West for unilateral geopolitical purposes, describing it as a disaster [1] Group 2: Need for Reform in International Organizations - The World Trade Organization (WTO) is identified as needing reform due to U.S. obstruction of the organization's ability to resolve trade disputes [1] - The U.S. has been blocking the WTO from reviewing China's complaints regarding discrimination and violations of trade regulations by Western countries [1]

Core Viewpoint - Russia supports the reform of the global governance system and aims to assist China and other countries in refining and implementing global governance initiatives [1] Group 1: Global Governance Initiatives - The global governance initiative proposed by China during the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit in Tianjin is seen as a way to change the dominance of Western mechanisms in global governance [1] - Russia's Foreign Minister Lavrov criticized the U.S. for obstructing the International Monetary Fund from increasing the representation of Global South countries [1] - Lavrov highlighted the misuse of multilateral mechanisms by the West for unilateral geopolitical purposes, describing it as a disaster [1] Group 2: Need for Reform in International Organizations - The World Trade Organization (WTO) is identified as needing reform due to U.S. obstruction of the organization's ability to resolve trade disputes [1] - The U.S. has been blocking the WTO from reviewing China's complaints regarding discrimination and violations of trade regulations by Western countries [1]