Core Viewpoint - The speech by Xi Jinping emphasizes the historical and transformative achievements in ecological civilization construction since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, marking a significant shift from reactive to proactive environmental governance [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Civilization Construction - The construction of ecological civilization is recognized as a fundamental strategy for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, with unprecedented determination, strength, and effectiveness [1]. - The transition from focusing on key remediation to systematic governance and from being a participant in global environmental governance to a leader is highlighted as a major change [1]. Group 2: Key Relationships in Ecological Development - The relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection must be balanced, promoting development through high-level environmental protection [2]. - Emphasis on the need for coordinated governance to address prominent ecological issues while enhancing systemic, overall, and collaborative efforts [2]. - The integration of natural recovery and artificial restoration is essential, with tailored strategies based on local conditions [2]. - The importance of internal motivation for ecological protection alongside external pressures is stressed, advocating for strict legal frameworks [2]. - The commitment to carbon neutrality ("dual carbon" goals) is firm, but the methods to achieve these goals should be determined independently [2]. Group 3: Strategies for Ecological Modernization - Continuous efforts in pollution prevention and control are necessary, focusing on precise, scientific, and legal approaches to improve environmental quality [3]. - Accelerating the transition to green and low-carbon development is crucial for addressing ecological issues and fostering high-quality growth [3]. - Enhancing the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems is vital for national ecological security and future generations [3]. - The principles of nationwide coordination and risk prevention are essential for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [3]. - A robust safety net for building a beautiful China must be established to safeguard the natural environment [3]. - A comprehensive support system for the construction of a beautiful China should be developed, integrating resources and efforts across various sectors [3]. Group 4: Leadership and Responsibility - Building a beautiful China is a key goal in the comprehensive modernization of the socialist state, requiring strong leadership from the Party [4]. - All regions and departments must enhance their sense of responsibility and mission to implement the decisions of the Central Committee effectively [4].

Core Viewpoint - The conference on ecological environment protection emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization in achieving sustainable development and outlines the significant achievements and future directions for ecological protection in China [2][4][10]. Achievements in Ecological Civilization - Since the 18th National Congress, China has made unprecedented progress in ecological civilization, addressing major environmental issues and improving ecological governance [4][5]. - The proportion of good quality surface water in the country has reached 87.9%, and the average concentration of PM 2.5 in key cities has decreased by 57% [9]. - China has become the fastest country in the world to improve air quality, with a historic PM 2.5 level of 29 micrograms per cubic meter [9]. Future Directions for Ecological Protection - The next five years are crucial for building a beautiful China, focusing on improving urban and rural living environments and achieving significant results in ecological construction [22]. - The government aims to continue the pollution prevention and control campaign, emphasizing precise, scientific, and legal measures to improve environmental quality [23][25][26]. Key Relationships in Ecological Civilization - The relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection is critical, with a focus on integrating ecological protection into all aspects of economic and social development [12][13]. - Emphasis on collaborative governance and addressing major ecological issues through coordinated efforts across various sectors and regions [14][15]. - The balance between natural recovery and artificial restoration is essential, advocating for a primary reliance on natural recovery while recognizing the need for human intervention in severely damaged ecosystems [18]. Carbon Neutrality Goals - The commitment to peak carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality is a strategic decision, with a focus on self-directed actions rather than external pressures [20][21]. - The government plans to implement a step-by-step approach to carbon reduction, ensuring energy security while promoting green and low-carbon development [34][35]. Strengthening Ecological Protection - The establishment of a comprehensive ecological protection system is necessary, including strict legal frameworks and enhanced monitoring and enforcement mechanisms [37][39]. - The promotion of green finance and market mechanisms to support ecological protection and restoration efforts [38]. Leadership in Ecological Civilization - The importance of strong leadership and accountability at all levels of government in advancing ecological civilization and environmental protection initiatives [40][41][42].

Core Viewpoint - The newly issued "Regulations on the Responsibility System for Ecological and Environmental Protection of Local Party and Government Leaders (Trial)" is a significant institutional arrangement to strengthen the Party's leadership in ecological civilization construction and to establish a comprehensive responsibility system for ecological and environmental protection [1][2]. Group 1: Key Principles - Emphasis on "Three Persistences": 1) Political leadership to strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership in ecological civilization; 2) Problem-oriented approach to address the inadequate implementation of responsibilities in ecological protection; 3) Practical measures to align responsibilities and supervision with existing laws and regulations [2]. Group 2: Key Responsibilities - Focus on "Three Types of Main Bodies": 1) Main leaders of local Party and government are the primary responsible persons for ecological protection in their regions; 2) Divisional leaders are responsible for guiding ecological protection in their respective sectors; 3) Department leaders are directly responsible for ecological protection within their departments [2]. Group 3: Key Clarifications - Highlighting "Three Clarifications": 1) Clear job responsibilities for Party and government leaders to ensure accountability; 2) Joint responsibility between Party and government to enhance overall effectiveness in ecological civilization construction; 3) Strict accountability measures with specific clauses for accountability, ensuring clear rewards and punishments [3]. Group 4: Implementation Strategy - The importance of execution is emphasized, with plans to incorporate the responsibility system into training programs and to develop specific measures for implementation, ensuring that the requirements of the document are effectively translated into actions for ecological protection [3].

Core Viewpoint - The newly issued "Regulations on the Responsibility System for Ecological and Environmental Protection of Local Party and Government Leaders (Trial)" emphasizes the need for a robust ecological environment protection responsibility system to support high-quality development [1] Group 1: Responsibilities and Accountability - The regulations clarify the responsibilities of local party and government leaders at the county level and above, as well as heads of ecological environment departments [1] - It mandates that development, production, and industry management must incorporate environmental protection, rejecting the practice of sacrificing ecological health for short-term economic gains [1] - Local party and government leaders are designated as the primary responsible persons for ecological environment protection in their regions, with other members of the leadership team held accountable for their respective sectors [1] Group 2: Evaluation and Consequences - The regulations state that the evaluation of local party and government leaders by the party organization departments must include ecological civilization construction as a significant criterion [1] - Leaders who fail to effectively implement decisions and responsibilities, leading to serious ecological issues or environmental damage, will face accountability according to regulations and laws [1] - Those suspected of misconduct or criminal activities related to their duties will be legally pursued for responsibility [1]

新华社北京7月29日电 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责 任制规定（试行）》，并发出通知，要求各地区各部门认真遵照执行。 《地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制规定（试行）》全文如下。 地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制规定（试行） （四）坚持以人民为中心，加快解决人民群众反映强烈的突出生态环境问题，做到生态惠民、生态利 民、生态为民； （五）坚持激励和约束并重，健全精准科学的追责机制，激励干部敢于担当、积极作为。 （2025年7月18日中共中央批准 2025年7月18日中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅发布） 第一章 总 则 第一条 为了坚持和加强党对生态文明建设的全面领导，健全落实生态环境保护责任制，根据有关党内 法规和法律，制定本规定。 第二条 本规定适用于县级以上地方党委和政府领导班子成员、生态环境部门和承担重要生态环境保护 职责的部门负责人（以下统称地方党政领导干部）。 乡镇（街道）、各类开发区领导班子成员落实生态环境保护责任制，参照本规定执行。 第三条 实行地方党政领导干部生态环境保护责任制，坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指 导，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念， ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of the Central Ecological Environment Protection Supervision System is a significant institutional innovation initiated by President Xi Jinping, aimed at enhancing ecological civilization and solidifying the theoretical and practical experiences into a formal regulatory framework through the newly issued "Regulations on Ecological Environment Protection Supervision" [1][2]. Group 1: Political Responsibility and Leadership - The supervision system emphasizes the political attributes of ecological supervision, reinforcing the political responsibility of ecological civilization construction, and ensuring the Party's leadership in this area [2]. - The introduction of the new regulations aims to unify thoughts and actions across various regions and departments with the central government's decisions, enhancing the Party's capacity to lead ecological civilization [2]. Group 2: People-Centric Approach - The supervision work focuses on addressing prominent ecological and environmental issues affecting the public, such as air pollution and water contamination, ensuring that the benefits of ecological civilization are shared by the people [3]. - Over the past decade, the supervision has completed two rounds of full coverage and handled over 340,000 public environmental complaints, demonstrating significant achievements in improving environmental quality [3]. Group 3: Systematic Perspective - The supervision system adopts a systematic approach, integrating ecological protection with high-quality development and major regional strategies, ensuring coordinated development of the economy and the environment [4]. - The new regulations highlight the importance of a systematic view in promoting ecological civilization, focusing on comprehensive governance and the integration of various ecological elements [4]. Group 4: Legal and Institutional Framework - The supervision system relies on strict legal frameworks to protect the environment, emphasizing accountability and the rule of law in ecological governance [5][6]. - The regulations outline the importance of adhering to laws and regulations, ensuring that ecological supervision is conducted in a precise, objective, and fair manner [6]. Group 5: Innovation and Adaptation - The supervision system is committed to continuous innovation and adaptation to meet the evolving challenges of ecological civilization, ensuring its relevance and effectiveness [7]. - The system incorporates advanced technologies such as big data and remote sensing to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of supervision efforts [7].

Core Points - The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental strategy for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, emphasized by the central leadership since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China [1][4][22] - The publication of "Selected Works on Ecological Civilization by Xi Jinping" reflects the rich connotation and scientific system of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, which is crucial for promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature [1][2][8] Group 1 - Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought addresses major theoretical and practical issues in the new era, promoting innovation in ecological civilization theory, practice, and systems [2][4] - The thought emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization in the overall layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics, highlighting the need for a beautiful China [4][5] - The thought integrates Marxist principles with traditional Chinese ecological culture, providing a comprehensive understanding of ecological civilization [9][10] Group 2 - The ecological civilization construction has undergone historical, transformative, and comprehensive changes since the 18th National Congress, achieving significant results under Xi Jinping's leadership [7][18] - The thought outlines the core concepts and strategic paths for ecological civilization construction, emphasizing the relationship between economic development and environmental protection [13][19] - It stresses the importance of a systematic approach and institutional guarantees for ecological civilization construction, advocating for strict laws and regulations to protect the environment [14][15] Group 3 - The thought calls for a collective effort in building a beautiful China, promoting global sustainable development, and fostering a shared ecological consciousness among the populace [16][22] - It highlights the need to address five major relationships in ecological civilization construction, including high-quality development versus high-level protection [19][20] - The strategic tasks and major initiatives for advancing the construction of a beautiful China are outlined, focusing on green and low-carbon development [21][22]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the progress and new initiatives in ecological civilization construction in China, emphasizing the importance of the "Green Mountains and Clear Water are Gold and Silver Mountains" concept, which marks its 20th anniversary this year [1]. Group 1: Ecological Civilization Construction - Since 2017, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has named 572 ecological civilization demonstration zones and 240 "Green Mountains and Clear Water are Gold and Silver Mountains" practice innovation bases [1]. - The ecological environment quality has "significantly improved," with demonstration zones generally ranking among the best in air and water quality within their provinces [1]. - Nearly half of the "Two Mountains" bases have reached an "excellent" ecological status, indicating a strengthening of ecological foundations [2]. Group 2: Green Development and Transformation Paths - Green development is "continuously leading," with regions focusing on dual carbon goals, transitioning from energy consumption control to carbon emission control, and achieving leading levels in energy consumption and carbon emission intensity per unit GDP across provinces [1][2]. - The article outlines three transformation paths for turning ecological advantages into economic benefits: "Protect Green for Gold," "Gather Green into Gold," and "Borrow Green to Generate Gold," along with seven transformation models including ecological compensation, ecological agriculture, ecological tourism, and ecological finance [2]. Group 3: New Selection and Management Procedures - The selection cycle for ecological civilization demonstration projects has been extended from one year to three years, aiming to reduce frequency and control quantity, thereby enhancing the "gold content" of the projects [3]. - New requirements for the selection process include optimizing indicators, with city-level indicators focusing more on comprehensive construction effectiveness and county-level indicators emphasizing task implementation and rural environmental improvement [2][3]. - The management regulations for ecological civilization demonstration projects have been revised to simplify procedures, shifting from "planning-led" to "indicator-oriented," effectively reducing the burden on grassroots levels [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the successful implementation of the river chief system in Xinzhou City, which has significantly improved the ecological environment of local rivers and lakes, showcasing a model for ecological governance in China [1][2][3]. Group 1: Implementation of River Chief System - Xinzhou City initiated the river chief system in late 2016, establishing a comprehensive governance framework that evolved from mere existence to effective management [1][2]. - The "dual chief" system was introduced in 2019, where the top leaders of the party and government oversee river management, transforming it from a departmental responsibility to a political one [2][3]. - A total of 2,734 river chiefs have been appointed at various levels, ensuring thorough coverage and accountability for river management [2][3]. Group 2: Innovative Mechanisms and Practices - The city has developed a "ten-item work system" that includes regular inspections and a clear accountability framework, leading to over 100,000 inspections and a 96.3% rectification rate for identified issues [3][4]. - A collaborative mechanism involving ten departments has been established, enhancing the effectiveness of river management through joint inspections and legal actions against violators [4][5]. - The introduction of "smart river patrols" using remote monitoring and drones has modernized the oversight process, improving the efficiency of ecological governance [4][5]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration and Management - Xinzhou City has delineated management boundaries for 157 rivers and 3 lakes, addressing previous ambiguities in river management [5][6]. - The "one river (lake) one policy" approach has been adopted, focusing on specific restoration strategies for different water bodies, leading to significant improvements in water quality and ecological health [6][7]. - The city has successfully cleaned up over 120,000 cubic meters of waste and restored 774.3 acres of obstructive vegetation, laying a solid foundation for sustainable river management [6][7]. Group 4: Community Involvement and Long-term Sustainability - Community engagement has increased, with local residents actively participating in river protection initiatives, transforming the perception of river management from a government-led effort to a community responsibility [8]. - The city has established a 24-hour reporting hotline for environmental issues, encouraging public involvement in ecological governance [8]. - Ongoing efforts include addressing historical pollution issues and enhancing public awareness of environmental protection, ensuring long-term sustainability of river ecosystems [8].

Core Insights - The bee industry in China is a vital link between ecological protection and economic development, with a focus on sustainable practices and high-quality production [1][2][3] Group 1: Industry Overview - China is the world's largest beekeeping country, with a significant focus on ecological protection and sustainable development [1] - Qinshi County in Shanxi Province has been a leader in beekeeping for over 30 years, showcasing a thriving industry that contributes to local ecological civilization [1][2] Group 2: Ecological and Economic Synergy - The practice of forest-based beekeeping in Qinshi County utilizes rich biodiversity and abundant nectar sources, promoting both ecological health and economic benefits for local farmers [2] - Policies supporting the bee industry have been in place since 2011, focusing on standardization, quality improvement, and ecological protection [2][3] Group 3: Technological Innovation - Recent technological advancements in beekeeping, including digital and smart beekeeping techniques, have significantly improved efficiency and product quality while enhancing ecological protection [3] - The establishment of a digitalized service system for bee products has facilitated better management and marketing, contributing to the industry's growth [3] Group 4: Future Prospects - Qinshi County is transitioning from a coal-dominated economy to one focused on ecological sustainability, with over 2 million acres of nectar resources being revitalized [3] - The integration of ecological civilization into all aspects of economic and social development is expected to yield significant benefits for the local community [3]