"我们注意到广大发展中国家认为，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十九次缔约方大会（COP29）达 成的到2035年每年3000亿美元目标缺乏力度，未充分体现发达国家的出资义务，对此表示不满和失 望。"《报告》显示，COP30应在制定1.3万亿美元融资路线图和发达国家不少于3000亿美元出资路线图 上取得积极进展，并推动全球适应目标取得实质性成果。 （原标题：COP30前夕中方发声，国家能源局答21丨碳中和周报） 21世纪经济报道记者雷椰 李德尚玉 实习生刘诗媛 北京报道 碳中和周报关注"双碳"领域的最新前沿动态，包括碳中和政策、地方动态、企业实践等。我们将通过精 选每周碳中和领域的重大事件，并进行点评的方式，提供一个及时全面的碳中和信息平台。 1、COP30前夕中方发声：应制定1.3万亿美元融资路线图 10月29日，生态环境部召开10月例行新闻发布会。会上，生态环境部应对气候变化司司长夏应显发布了 《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动2025年度报告》（以下简称《报告》）。"《报告》展示了过去一年 来相关的工作部署，特别是中国在减缓、适应、碳市场、碳足迹、气候政策法规以及推动引领全球气候 治理方面所做的重要贡献。"夏 ...

Group 1 - The rapid development of the green finance market has led to an increase in relevant information and data, with a focus on the latest trends and practices in green finance [1] - The Ministry of Commerce has issued guidelines to encourage financial institutions to innovate green finance products based on product carbon footprints, aiming to support foreign trade enterprises in their green development [2] - The China Green Bond Index showed a slight increase of 0.12% in Q3, indicating enhanced resilience against interest rate fluctuations, with a sample bond market value growth of 6.10% quarter-on-quarter [3] Group 2 - The national carbon market saw a highest price of 55.14 yuan/ton last week, with a total trading volume of 20,905,400 tons and a total transaction value of approximately 991.83 million yuan [4][5] - Guangdong has launched its first green foreign debt pilot program, allowing banks to facilitate foreign debt registration for green projects, thereby easing financing bottlenecks [6][7] - The Shanghai Pudong Development Bank has implemented a "data interconnection" climate financing project, providing nearly 35 million yuan in loans to small and medium-sized enterprises, significantly streamlining the financing process [8] Group 3 - Everbright Group released a Green Finance White Paper, outlining its innovative model of integrating comprehensive finance with environmental protection, and plans to introduce various green financial products [9] - Guangdong Nanyue Bank issued the province's first ESG-linked circular finance loan of 50 million yuan, promoting sustainable finance through performance-linked interest rates [10]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is actively promoting green trade to enhance trade optimization, support the achievement of carbon neutrality goals, and better serve global climate governance [1]. Group 1: Green Trade Implementation - The implementation opinions represent the first specialized policy document in the field of green trade, highlighting innovative leadership and focusing on existing weaknesses in China's green trade development [1]. - Key issues identified include the shortcomings in enterprises' green low-carbon development capabilities, the untapped carbon reduction potential in logistics, and the inadequacy of the supporting guarantee system [1]. Group 2: International Cooperation and Standards - Over 50 economies have positively responded to China's initiative on the "International Economic and Trade Cooperation Framework for Digital Economy and Green Development" [2]. - The recent China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade agreement includes a dedicated chapter on green economy and prioritizes green trade as a cooperation area [2]. - The Ministry of Commerce is working with relevant departments to improve green product standards, certification, and labeling systems, aiming for mutual recognition of standards with major trading partners [2]. Group 3: Green Product and Industry Development - The implementation opinions emphasize promoting green design and production among foreign trade enterprises [3]. - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology plans to enhance the promotion of green design and manufacturing, focusing on the entire lifecycle from design to recycling [3]. - By 2030, the target is for the output value of green factories to account for 40% of total output, with initiatives to cultivate zero-carbon factories [3]. Group 4: Financial Support for Green Services - The People's Bank of China will promote the application of green finance and transition finance standards, supporting innovative financing methods [4]. - Financial institutions are encouraged to increase support for production service sectors related to research and design, logistics, carbon emission certification, and resource recycling [4].

Core Viewpoint - The development of green trade is a crucial measure to optimize trade, achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, and accelerate the construction of a strong trade nation [1][2] Group 1: Policy Implementation - The Ministry of Commerce has released the "Implementation Opinions on Expanding Green Trade," which includes 16 specific measures across four areas to enhance the green and low-carbon development capabilities of foreign trade enterprises [1][2] - The document is the first specialized policy in the field of green trade in China, focusing on weak links in green trade development and proposing targeted measures [1][2] Group 2: Market Trends - China's foreign trade enterprises are increasingly aligning with the global trend of green trade, contributing significantly to climate change mitigation [2][3] - In the first three quarters, exports of high-end equipment related to new production capabilities grew by 22.4%, with green products like wind power generators and electric locomotives also seeing double-digit growth [1][3] Group 3: Future Outlook - The global market for electric vehicles, solar energy, and wind energy is projected to reach $2.1 trillion by 2030, indicating a significant growth opportunity for green products [3] - China aims to continue enhancing its capacity to serve global green trade and share better low-carbon outcomes with the world [4] Group 4: Financial Support - The green finance system in China has been improving, playing a positive role in supporting green trade development through carbon footprint assessments and emerging service industries [6][7] - The People's Bank of China is focusing on supporting green trade through various financial tools, including green credit and bonds, and has included green trade in the scope of green finance support [6][7] Group 5: Information Disclosure and International Cooperation - Financial institutions are encouraged to enhance sustainable information disclosure, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises, to better address new green trade barriers [7] - The People's Bank of China has collaborated with international entities to promote green trade and related investment financing through a common classification directory [7]

Group 1 - The integration of cutting-edge technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain into the entire trade process is essential for enhancing green and low-carbon development capabilities in foreign trade enterprises [2][4] - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of promoting green trade as a strategic measure to enhance international competitiveness and influence in the low-carbon sector during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [3] - By 2024, China's exports of "new three samples" are expected to increase by 2.6 times compared to 2020, indicating a continuous optimization of export product structure towards high-tech, high value-added, and green low-carbon directions [3] Group 2 - The establishment of a national-level green factory system has reached 6,430 factories, accounting for approximately 20% of the total output value of the manufacturing industry, with 1,382 new green factories cultivated in 2024 [3] - Leading companies are advancing towards "zero-carbon factories," exemplified by CATL's comprehensive zero-carbon production system, which is crucial for gaining access to European markets [3] - Digital technologies are providing new solutions for building transparent, collaborative, and efficient green supply chain management systems, including the establishment of a green supply chain database to meet varying international standards [5] Group 3 - Digitalization empowers carbon footprint management by collecting carbon data across energy consumption, production processes, and logistics, leading to the establishment of a product lifecycle carbon footprint accounting system [6] - Zhejiang Province has pioneered the creation of a carbon footprint database for the textile industry chain, providing localized and credible carbon accounting services for foreign trade enterprises [6] - Companies can optimize production processes and improve product designs based on carbon footprint analysis, identifying key areas for emission reduction [6]

Core Viewpoint - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session emphasizes the importance of "promoting innovative trade development," particularly focusing on "expanding intermediate goods trade and green trade," which is seen as a new driving force for China's foreign trade and a significant contribution to climate change response and green low-carbon transition [1][2]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of Green Trade - Green trade integrates environmental protection and sustainable development into the entire process of international trade, covering green products, technologies, services, and rules [2][3]. - The significance of developing green trade includes responding to international economic and trade rule adjustments, achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, and addressing traditional trade bottlenecks [4][5]. Group 2: Aspects of Green Trade - Green trade encompasses three main aspects: 1. The greening of trade objects, including environmentally friendly products like photovoltaic cells and electric vehicles [3]. 2. The greening of trade processes, focusing on minimizing environmental impacts throughout the supply chain [3]. 3. The inclusion of external environmental and social costs in trade accounting, such as carbon emissions and resource consumption [3]. Group 3: Current Trends and Achievements in Green Trade - China's green trade is experiencing robust growth, with significant increases in exports of green energy products, such as a 71.9% rise in wind turbine exports and over 200 billion yuan in photovoltaic product exports [5][9]. - The "new three items" (new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products) have seen a 2.6 times increase in export scale compared to 2020, marking a significant shift towards high-end, low-carbon products [9][10]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Directions - Despite the achievements, challenges remain, including the need for improved carbon management capabilities and the establishment of a unified green low-carbon product standard system [18][19]. - Future efforts should focus on enhancing international dialogue, improving carbon management capabilities, and participating in the development of global foundational carbon rules [18][19].

Core Viewpoint - Addressing climate change is a pressing and long-term task, with the international community increasingly focusing on the coordination of trade and environmental development [1] Group 1: Trade and Environmental Initiatives - The WTO has been involved in trade and environment discussions since the Uruguay Round negotiations in 1986, leading to the establishment of the Committee on Trade and Environment [1] - The "Friends of Environmental Goods" group within the WTO initiated negotiations for the Environmental Goods Agreement in 2014, aiming to reduce or eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barriers on environmental products [1] - In 2024, Costa Rica, Iceland, New Zealand, and Switzerland signed a green trade agreement, indicating a shift from soft advocacy to hard constraints in green low-carbon rules within free trade agreements [1] Group 2: Growth of Green Trade - In 2024, global exports of "new green products" reached $617.05 billion, a 3.2-fold increase since 2020, with China, the EU, and Japan being the top three exporters [2] - China emerged as the world's largest green trade economy in 2024, with a green trade import-export scale of $1.17 trillion, a year-on-year growth of 3.2%, accounting for 16.1% of global green trade [2] - The annual growth rate of green trade in China from 2020 to 2024 was 6.7%, highlighting its role in meeting global demand for green low-carbon products and promoting the green transformation of the global consumption market [2] Group 3: Development Strategies for Green Trade - Emphasis on developing strategic emerging industries such as new energy and environmental protection, and supporting enterprises in transitioning to green design, production, and logistics [3] - Establishing a green trade evaluation index system and utilizing various policies to enhance the facilitation of green product trade [3] - Encouraging the establishment of carbon footprint databases for foreign trade products and reducing tariffs on certain green products to enhance the green development capabilities of foreign trade enterprises [3] Group 4: Enhancing Environmental Clauses in Free Trade Agreements - Upgrading bilateral free trade agreements with countries like Costa Rica, Iceland, New Zealand, and Switzerland to include enhanced environmental product chapters [4] - Strengthening technical assistance and cooperation in environmental protection and green development for developing countries [4] - Promoting international cooperation in policy communication, technical projects, and personnel training to contribute to global green development [4] Group 5: Climate Cooperation and Global Leadership - Advocating for multilateral climate governance and enhancing China's role in global climate governance [5] - Promoting high-level dialogues with major economies on climate change and coordinating policies for international cooperation [5] - Participating in the development of international green technology standards and rules to facilitate cooperation and mutual recognition of mechanisms [5]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation opinions on expanding green trade aim to promote trade optimization and upgrade, assist in achieving the "dual carbon" goals, and better serve global climate governance [1] Group 1: Green Trade Development - Green low-carbon products are becoming a new driving force for foreign trade development, with global market size for electric vehicles, solar energy, and wind energy expected to reach $2.1 trillion by 2030, five times the current scale [1] - The implementation opinions are the first specialized policy document in the field of green trade, focusing on weak links in China's green trade development, such as the shortcomings in enterprises' green low-carbon development capabilities and the untapped carbon reduction potential in logistics [1][3] Group 2: International Cooperation and Standards - China has proposed the "International Economic and Trade Cooperation Framework Initiative for Digital Economy and Green Development," which has received positive responses from over 50 economies [2] - The Ministry of Commerce is promoting the inclusion of trade and environmental content in free trade agreements, such as the recently signed China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade protocol, which establishes a chapter on green economy and prioritizes green trade [2] Group 3: Green Product Standards and Certification - The Ministry of Commerce is working with relevant departments to improve the standards, certification, and labeling system for green products, accelerating standard mutual recognition with major trading partners [2] - The State Administration for Market Regulation plans to expand certification from products to industrial and supply chains, revising the "Green Product Certification and Labeling Management Measures" to establish a strict and transparent regulatory mechanism [2] Group 4: Green Design and Manufacturing - The implementation opinions encourage foreign trade enterprises to engage in green design and production, with a focus on promoting green design concepts in industries such as electronics and automobiles [3] - By 2030, the output value of green factories is expected to account for 40% of total output, with initiatives to cultivate zero-carbon factories and enhance energy-saving and carbon-reduction potential [3] Group 5: Financial Support for Green Services - The People's Bank of China will promote the application of green finance and transition finance standards, supporting innovative financing methods for green service trade enterprises [4] - Financial institutions are encouraged to increase financing support for production service links such as research and design, logistics operations, and carbon emission certification, thereby reducing financing thresholds and costs for light-asset green service trade enterprises [4]

Group 1: Employment Support for Graduates - Beijing's recent policy aims to support high-quality employment for college graduates and youth by implementing nine specific measures across three dimensions: policy improvement, service optimization, and mechanism enhancement [2][3] - The city will focus on attracting talent in key sectors such as artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, and biomedicine, particularly targeting small and medium-sized tech enterprises [2][3] - By 2025, the number of college graduates in China is expected to reach 12.22 million, marking an increase of 430,000 from 2024, highlighting the urgency of addressing youth employment issues [2] Group 2: Competitive Talent Attraction - Beijing faces competition from cities like Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou in attracting young talent, necessitating effective policies to retain and nurture skilled individuals [3][4] - The city's latest initiatives reflect a targeted approach to service industry development, emphasizing support for emerging sectors and the importance of high-quality talent for economic growth [3] Group 3: Housing and Living Support - To alleviate housing challenges for young professionals, Beijing has introduced measures such as accommodation guarantees and housing subsidies in certain districts [2][4] - Previous initiatives included offering free accommodation for job seekers and discounted rental options for recent graduates, marking a significant step in addressing the living costs in the city [4]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Commerce has released the "Implementation Opinions on Expanding Green Trade," which includes 16 targeted measures to enhance the green and low-carbon development capabilities of foreign trade enterprises, expand the import and export of green low-carbon products and technologies, create a favorable international environment for green trade development, and establish a robust support system for green trade [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Framework - The "Implementation Opinions" is the first specialized policy document in the field of green trade, reflecting a clear focus on innovation and addressing weak links in China's green trade development, such as the shortcomings in enterprises' green low-carbon development capabilities and the untapped carbon reduction potential in logistics [2][3]. - Key measures include strengthening financial policy support, enhancing the carbon footprint database for foreign trade products, improving carbon pricing mechanisms, and establishing a green trade statistical monitoring and analysis system [2]. Group 2: Global Engagement - Green transformation is recognized as a significant trend and growth engine in the global economy, with China committed to participating in global green governance and enhancing the "green content" of its free trade agreements [3]. - China aims to actively engage in discussions on green development topics at international forums such as the G20 and BRICS, sharing its practices and proposals [3]. Group 3: Market Opportunities - The shift towards green trade is accelerating, with green low-carbon products becoming a new driving force for foreign trade. The global market for electric vehicles, solar energy, and wind energy is projected to reach $2.1 trillion by 2030, five times its current size [4]. - China's exports of green low-carbon products have shown remarkable growth, with wind turbine exports increasing by over 30% in the first three quarters of this year, and electric vehicle exports surpassing 2 million units last year [4]. Group 4: Financial Support - Strengthening financial policy support is a targeted measure to establish a robust support system for green trade, with the People's Bank of China focusing on green credit, green bonds, and green equity funds to empower the development of green service trade [5]. - Future efforts will include promoting the application of green finance standards, encouraging financial institutions to support various production service sectors, and facilitating the issuance of green financial products in global markets to provide more Chinese green assets to global investors [5].