12月10日至11日，中央经济工作会议在北京举行，会议强调要倡导积极婚育观，努力稳定新出生人口规 模。 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院教授姜全保对第一财经分析，人口高质量发展的一个重要方面就是结构 优化，包括年龄结构。稳定新出生人口规模十分关键，可避免人口下降速度太快，同时缓解少儿比例下 降过快，避免人口结构变化太快，使得人口均衡发展。 各地去年出生人口数量有多少？在新生人口总量中，哪些生育大省占比较高？第一财经记者测算、梳理 各地公开数据，以及《中国统计年鉴2025》公布的31省份人口出生率数据发现，去年共有18个省份出生 人口超过20万人，其中14个省份出生人口达到或超过30万人。 需要说明的是，北京、天津、西藏、福建、黑龙江等省份未公布具体的出生人口数据，第一财经记者根 据人口出生率和常住人口数据进行了测算。 14个出生人口超过30万人的省份分别是广东、河南、山东、四川、河北、江苏、广西、贵州、浙江、云 南、湖南、安徽、湖北和江西；14个省份去年出生人口合计达到696.8万人，占全国出生人口总量的 73%。 广东、河南、山东和四川出生人口超过50万人。其中，广东出生人口达到113万人。这也是广东连续7年 ...

Core Insights - The Central Economic Work Conference emphasized the need to promote a positive view on marriage and childbirth to stabilize the birth population scale [2] - A significant aspect of high-quality population development is structural optimization, including age structure, to avoid rapid population decline and ensure balanced population growth [2] Birth Population Data - In 2023, 18 provinces had a birth population exceeding 200,000, with 14 provinces surpassing 300,000, collectively accounting for 73% of the national birth population [2] - The provinces with over 500,000 births include Guangdong (1.13 million), Henan (762,000), Shandong (649,000), and Sichuan (536,000) [3][4] - Guangdong has been the top birth province for seven consecutive years, contributing 11.8% to the national total [3] Population Trends - The total birth population in 2024 is projected to be 9.54 million, an increase of 520,000 from 2023, marking the first rise since 2017 [4] - The birth rate for 2024 is estimated at 6.77‰, up by 0.38 per thousand from the previous year [4] Provincial Birth Rates - Detailed birth population and rates for various provinces in 2024 include: - Guangdong: 1,130,000 (8.89‰) - Henan: 762,000 (7.78‰) - Shandong: 649,000 (6.42‰) - Sichuan: 536,000 (6.41‰) - Other provinces with significant births include Hebei, Jiangsu, and Guangxi, all exceeding 400,000 [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of stabilizing the birth population in China to avoid rapid population decline and to optimize demographic structure, particularly age structure [3]. Summary by Sections Birth Population Data - In 2024, a total of 954 million births were recorded in China, marking an increase of 520,000 from 2023, the first rise since 2017, with a birth rate of 6.77‰, up by 0.38‰ from the previous year [7]. - 18 provinces reported over 200,000 births last year, with 14 provinces exceeding 300,000 births, accounting for 73% of the national total [3]. Major Birth Provinces - Guangdong, Henan, Shandong, and Sichuan each had over 500,000 births, with Guangdong leading at 1.13 million, representing 11.8% of the national total [4]. - Guangdong has maintained its position as the top birth province for seven consecutive years, with a significant influx of young migrants contributing to its high birth rate [4]. - In 2024, Henan's birth population was 762,000, a rise of 67,000 from the previous year, while Shandong recorded 649,000 births, an increase of 39,000 [4][5]. Other Notable Provinces - Provinces such as Hebei, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Zhejiang, and Yunnan reported birth populations exceeding 400,000 [6]. - The four provinces in the central Yangtze River region—Hunan, Anhui, Hubei, and Jiangxi—had birth populations between 300,000 and 400,000 [7]. - Fujian and Shaanxi each recorded 291,000 births, while provinces like Xinjiang and Shanxi had populations between 200,000 and 300,000 [7].

需要说明的是，北京、天津、西藏、福建、黑龙江等省份未公布具体的出生人口数据，第一财经记者根 据人口出生率和常住人口数据进行了测算。 广东、河南、山东和四川出生人口超过50万人。 12月10日至11日，中央经济工作会议在北京举行，会议强调要倡导积极婚育观，努力稳定新出生人口规 模。 首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院教授姜全保对第一财经分析，人口高质量发展的一个重要方面就是结构 优化，包括年龄结构。稳定新出生人口规模十分关键，可避免人口下降速度太快，同时缓解少儿比例下 降过快，避免人口结构变化太快，使得人口均衡发展。 各地去年出生人口数量有多少？在新生人口总量中，哪些生育大省占比较高？第一财经记者测算、梳理 各地公开数据，以及《中国统计年鉴2025》公布的31省份人口出生率数据发现，去年共有18个省份出生 人口超过20万人，其中14个省份出生人口达到或超过30万人。 四川去年全年出生人口达53.6万人，占全国比重为5.62%。 河北、江苏、广西、贵州、浙江、云南去年出生人口均超过了40万，分列五到十位。 湖南、安徽、湖北、江西这四个长江中游省份去年出生人口数量处于30到40万之间。 福建、陕西、新疆和山西去年出生人口 ...

"稳妥实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄，优化就业、社保等方面年龄限制政策"——《中共中央关于制定国 民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》中，关于就业、社保的这一表述吸引关注。 当前，中国人口和劳动力总量呈现减少趋势，人口老龄化、劳动力大龄化更加明显。在此背景下，优化 就业社保年龄限制政策意味着什么？ 破除针对特定年龄段的不合理约束 今年1月1日起，渐进式延迟法定退休年龄已在中国实施。居民就业、社保等方面的选择和情形随之发生 变化。 比如1972年9月出生的男职工，改革后的法定退休年龄为62周岁。如果他想弹性提前退休，在满足按月 领取基本养老金最低缴费年限的前提下，可以在60岁至62岁之间选择退休。如果单位和他协商一致再多 干几年，还可以在62岁至65岁之间弹性延迟退休。 从促进人口高质量发展的角度来看—— 民政部、全国老龄办发布的《2024年度国家老龄事业发展公报》显示，截至2024年末，全国60周岁及以 上老年人口31031万人，占总人口的22.0%；全国65周岁及以上老年人口22023万人，占总人口的 15.6%。全国人均预期寿命达79.0岁。 "许多有经验、有技术、有阅历的超龄劳动者以及老年人是宝贵的人才 ...

李健摄（人民视觉） 河北省邯郸市永年区政务服务进商圈活动中，工作人员正在向居民讲解就业政策。 胡高雷摄（人民视觉） "稳妥实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄，优化就业、社保等方面年龄限制政策"——《中共中央关于制 定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》中，关于就业、社保的这一表述吸引关注。 当前，中国人口和劳动力总量呈现减少趋势，人口老龄化、劳动力大龄化更加明显。在此背景下， 优化就业社保年龄限制政策意味着什么？ 破除针对特定年龄段的不合理约束 今年1月1日起，渐进式延迟法定退休年龄已在中国实施。居民就业、社保等方面的选择和情形随之 发生变化。 比如1972年9月出生的男职工，改革后的法定退休年龄为62周岁。如果他想弹性提前退休，在满足 按月领取基本养老金最低缴费年限的前提下，可以在60岁至62岁之间选择退休。如果单位和他协商一致 近日，在湖南长沙举办的"百万英才汇南粤"2025年N城联动招聘活动走进湖南大学和湖南师范大学。图 为求职的学子在了解用人单位和招聘岗位信息。 再多干几年，还可以在62岁至65岁之间弹性延迟退休。 "弹性实施"，是中国实施渐进式延迟法定退休年龄的一大原则。根据相关规定，同步启动延迟男、 ...

Core Viewpoint - The National Development and Reform Work Conference emphasizes the importance of solidly advancing key development and reform tasks for the coming year, focusing on adapting to demographic changes and optimizing public resource allocation [1] Group 1: Population and Resource Allocation - The conference highlights the need to plan and promote high-quality population development, accelerating the improvement of public resource allocation mechanisms that adapt to demographic changes [1] - There is a call for a forward-looking layout of educational resources to better meet the needs of the changing population [1] Group 2: Urban and Regional Development - The meeting stresses the importance of promoting urban-rural integration and regional coordinated development, advancing people-centered new urbanization construction [1] - It advocates for increased implementation of regional strategies and accelerating the promotion of inter-regional linkage and integrated development [1] Group 3: Rural Revitalization and Special Regions - The conference calls for a classified, orderly, and regionalized approach to rural revitalization, focusing on promoting the development of special types of regions [1] Group 4: Security and Resilience - There is an emphasis on better coordinating development and security, continuously improving food security assurance capabilities [1] - The construction of the energy production, supply, storage, and sales system is to be advanced, enhancing the resilience of industrial and supply chains while actively and prudently addressing risks in key areas [1]

Core Viewpoint - The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) emphasizes the need to adapt to demographic changes by optimizing public resource allocation and promoting high-quality population development [1] Group 1: Public Resource Allocation - The NDRC plans to enhance the forward-looking layout of educational resources in response to demographic changes [1] - There is a focus on improving the public resource allocation mechanism to better suit population changes [1] Group 2: Urban and Rural Development - The meeting highlights the importance of promoting urban-rural integration and regional coordinated development [1] - A new type of urbanization that prioritizes human needs will be advanced, with increased efforts in regional strategy implementation [1] Group 3: Rural Revitalization - The NDRC aims to promote rural revitalization in a classified, orderly, and area-specific manner [1] - Special attention will be given to the revitalization of specific types of regions [1] Group 4: Security and Risk Management - There is a commitment to better coordinate development and security, with a focus on enhancing food security capabilities [1] - The construction of a resilient energy supply chain system will be continuously promoted to mitigate risks in key areas [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of stabilizing the new birth population in China to avoid rapid population decline and to optimize the age structure, which is crucial for balanced population development [3][4]. Group 1: Population Trends - In 2024, China's birth population is projected to be 9.54 million, an increase of 520,000 from 2023, marking the first rise since 2017, with a birth rate of 6.77‰, up by 0.38 per thousand from the previous year [3]. - Since 2022, China's population has entered a reduction phase, with a total decrease of 4.32 million over the past three years, characterized by declining birth rates, aging population, and regional population disparities [3]. Group 2: Marriage and Birth Support Policies - The article highlights the advocacy for a positive marriage and childbirth culture, with policies aimed at reducing the costs of childbirth, upbringing, and education through subsidies and tax deductions [4][6]. - Data from the Ministry of Civil Affairs shows that in the first three quarters of 2025, marriage registrations reached 5.152 million pairs, an increase of 405,000 pairs or 8.5% year-on-year [4]. Group 3: Incentives for Marriage - Various regions in China are implementing marriage incentives, such as cash rewards for newlyweds, with some areas offering up to 1,500 yuan for couples meeting specific criteria [5]. - The implementation of the revised Marriage Registration Regulations has made marriage registration more convenient, allowing couples to register anywhere in the country without needing a household registration book [5]. Group 4: Childcare Support System - A comprehensive childcare support system is being established, including annual subsidies of 3,600 yuan for each child under three years old starting January 1, 2025, and the removal of fees for the last year of public kindergarten [6][7]. - As of now, there are 126,000 childcare service institutions in China, with a total of 6.657 million childcare spots, exceeding the target set in the 14th Five-Year Plan [8].

人口是现代化建设最基本的支撑。人口规模、结构、素质和布局深刻影响现代化的发展进程和质 量。习近平总书记指出，人口发展是关系中华民族伟大复兴的大事，必须着力提高人口整体素质，以人 口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化。"十五五"规划建议指出，促进人口高质量发展，健全覆盖全人群、全 生命周期的人口服务体系。人口高质量发展是将巨大人口规模转化为巨大发展优势的关键环节，也 是"人口规模巨大的现代化"的重要呈现形态。深入认识和把握人口高质量发展的深刻内涵，是贯彻高质 量发展要求的题中之义，也是夯实中国式现代化人口支撑的重要前提。 人口素质提升是实现人口高质量发展的核心目标。当前，充分发挥我国人口规模优势，关键在于 将"人口红利"转变为"人才红利"。国际经验表明，人口规模不会自动转化为现代化的内生动力，人口的 知识、技能和健康素质才是人口总量转化为人力资源优势的关键所在。从现实基础看，我国人口素质提 升已取得显著成效。知识素质方面，高等教育毛入学率已超过60%，各级各类学历教育在校生2.86亿 人，较高的劳动者素质为创新发展提供了重要前提；健康素质方面，人均预期寿命达到79岁，并建成世 界上规模最大的医疗服务体系，为经济社会发展 ...